Tiv
Kitiv
Niger-Congo
Tiv is the principal language of the Tiv ethnic group, the largest non-Hausa-Fulani population of central Nigeria, with ~5 million speakers concentrated in Benue State around Gboko and Makurdi. Linguistically, Tiv belongs to the Tivoid subgroup of Bantoid (sister branch to the Bantu languages), but most other Tivoid languages are in Cameroon, making Tiv geographically isolated within its subgroup. Tiv has classical Niger-Congo features: noun-class system (~10 classes), tonal (3 tones with downstep), and SVO constituent order. The Abraham 1940 Tiv-English Dictionary remains a foundational reference. Tiv has a strong literary tradition since the 1930s, with major works including the Tiv New Testament (1936) and the Tiv-language newspaper "Tion".
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 20 ya msingi katika Kitiv
Maji
mngerem
/mŋɡɛɾɛm/
Moto
usu
/usu/
Jua
iyange
/ijaŋɡe/
Mwezi
uwer
/uwɛɾ/
Mama
ngo
/ŋɡo/
Baba
ter
/tɛɾ/
Kula
yan
/jan/
Kunywa
mba
/mba/
Upendo
dooshima
/doːʃima/
Moyo
ishima
/iʃima/
Mti
kon
/kon/
Nyumba
ya
/ja/
Mbwa
iyou
/ijou/
Paka
anyam
/aɲam/
Mkono
ave
/ave/
Jicho
ishe
/iʃe/
Habari
m sugh
/m suɣ/
Asante
m sugh u
/m suɣ u/
Moja
mom
/mom/
Nzuri
dedoo
/dedoː/
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Niger-Congo zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kitiv | Kimbundu | Kikongo | Kitalysh | Kivietnam (Chữ Nôm) | Kibeja | Kiaymara |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | mngerem /mŋɡɛɾɛm/ | menha /meɲa/ | maza /maza/ | ov /ov/ | 渃 /nɨək/ | yam /jam/ | uma /uma/ |
| Moto | usu /usu/ | tubia /tubja/ | tiya /tija/ | tasə /tasə/ | 𤏬 /lɨə/ | neʼaat /neʔaːt/ | nina /nina/ |
| Jua | iyange /ijaŋɡe/ | muanya /mwaɲa/ | ntangu /ntaŋɡu/ | rüj /ɾyʒ/ | 𩈘𡗶 /mət tɤj/ | yint /jint/ | inti /inti/ |
| Mwezi | uwer /uwɛɾ/ | ngonde /ŋɡonde/ | ngonda /ŋɡonda/ | ümüj /ymyʒ/ | 𩈘𢁑 /mət taŋ/ | tirig /tiɾiɡ/ | phaxsi /pʰaχsi/ |
| Mama | ngo /ŋɡo/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | muə /muə/ | 𡞕 /mɛ/ | indee /iːndeː/ | mama /mama/ |
| Baba | ter /tɛɾ/ | tata /tata/ | tata /tata/ | pıə /pɯə/ | 𤙗 /ɓo/ | baab /baːb/ | tata /tata/ |
| Kula | yan /jan/ | kudya /kudja/ | ku dia /ku dja/ | hardə /haɾdə/ | 𫗒 /an/ | tame /tame/ | manqʼaña /manqʼaɲa/ |
| Kunywa | mba /mba/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | ku nua /ku nua/ | peşomə /peʃomə/ | 㕵 /uəŋ/ | gwaʼa /ɡʷaʕa/ | umaña /umaɲa/ |
| Upendo | dooshima /doːʃima/ | henda /henda/ | zola /zola/ | hışt /hɯʃt/ | 𢞅 /iəw/ | kima /kima/ | munasiña /munasiɲa/ |
| Moyo | ishima /iʃima/ | muxima /muʃima/ | ntima /ntima/ | zırə /zɯɾə/ | 𢣐𢞂 /t͡ɕaj tim/ | ginʼa /ɡinʕa/ | chuyma /tʃujma/ |
| Mti | kon /kon/ | mukune /mukune/ | nti /nti/ | dor /doɾ/ | 𣘃 /kəj/ | hindeb /hindeb/ | quqa /quqa/ |
| Nyumba | ya /ja/ | inzo /inzo/ | nzo /nzo/ | ka /ka/ | 茹 /ɲaː/ | gaw /ɡaw/ | uta /uta/ |
| Mbwa | iyou /ijou/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | səg /səɡ/ | 𤝞 /t͡ɕɔ/ | yas /jas/ | anu /anu/ |
| Paka | anyam /aɲam/ | kasalu /kasalu/ | nyau /ɲau/ | pışi /pɯʃi/ | 猫 /mɛw/ | kabsoot /kabsoːt/ | phisi /pʰisi/ |
| Mkono | ave /ave/ | lukwaku /lukwaku/ | koko /koko/ | dast /dast/ | 𡬶 /taj/ | ay /aj/ | ampara /ampaɾa/ |
| Jicho | ishe /iʃe/ | dixi /diʃi/ | disu /disu/ | çəş /tʃəʃ/ | 𥄫 /mak/ | liili /liːli/ | nayra /najɾa/ |
| Habari | m sugh /m suɣ/ | kiebi /kiebi/ | mboté /mbote/ | xəyrli ruj /xəjɾli ɾuʒ/ | 吀嘲 /sin t͡ɕaːw/ | salaam /salaːm/ | kamisaki /kamisaki/ |
| Asante | m sugh u /m suɣ u/ | kishukutu /kiʃukutu/ | matondo /matondo/ | minnətdar /minnətdaɾ/ | 感恩 /kaːm əːn/ | baraʼoo /baɾaʕoː/ | yuspagara /juspaɣaɾa/ |
| Moja | mom /mom/ | -moxi /moʃi/ | mosi /mosi/ | i /i/ | 𠬠 /mot/ | gaal /ɡaːl/ | maya /maja/ |
| Nzuri | dedoo /dedoː/ | kiá /kja/ | mbote /mbote/ | çoki /tʃoki/ | 卒 /tot/ | dabaab /dabaːb/ | suma /suma/ |
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