Maninkakan
Kimaninkakan cha Magharibi
Niger-Kongo
Kimaninkakan cha Magharibi (Kimaninka cha Guinea, rasmi "Maninkakan" peke yake) ni lahaja kuu ya Kimanding ya Guinea, dada wa Kibambara (bm, Mali) na Kimaninkakan cha Kita (mwk) ndani ya kundi la Kimanding. Kinazungumzwa na watu wapatao 750,000 hadi 1,000,000, hasa katika bonde la juu la Mto Niger karibu na Kankan, Guinea — moyo wa kihistoria wa Milki ya Mali (karne ya 13–16) na nanga ya kitamaduni ya watu wa Kimaninka. Kiisimu, Kimaninka cha Magharibi kinashiriki sifa za Kimanding na Kibambara (mpangilio wa kiima-kitenzi-shamirisho, viashiria vya hali mwishoni mwa kitenzi, miundo ya kiainishi-nomino) lakini kina mfumo wa toni na msamiati wa kipekee. Hati ya N'Ko (ya 1949 na Souleymane Kanté) inatumika sana kwa elimu ya kusoma na kuandika ya Kimaninka.
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 31 ya msingi katika Kimaninkakan cha Magharibi
Maji
ji
/dʒi/
Moto
tasuma
/tasuma/
Jua
tile
/tile/
Mwezi
kalo
/kalo/
Nyota
lolo
/lolo/
Mama
na
/na/
Baba
fa
/fa/
Mimi
ne
/ne/
Wewe
i
/i/
Jina
tɔɔ
/tɔː/
Jicho
nya
/ɲa/
Mkono
bolo
/bolo/
Moyo
dusu
/dusu/
Upendo
kanu
/kanu/
Mti
yiri
/jiɾi/
Nyumba
so
/so/
Mbwa
wulu
/wulu/
Paka
nyaakuma
/ɲaːkuma/
Kula
don
/don/
Kunywa
min
/min/
Moja
kelen
/kelen/
Mbili
fila
/fila/
Habari
i ni sögöma
/i ni soɣoma/
Asante
i ni baara
/i ni baːɾa/
Nzuri
nyuman
/ɲuman/
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Niger-Congo zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kimaninkakan cha Magharibi | Kimaninkakan cha Kita | Kikhassonke | Kimaninka cha Mashariki | Kidyula | Kibambara | Kikonabere |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | ji /dʒi/ | ji /dʒi/ | ji /dʒi/ | ji /dʒi/ | ji /dʒi/ | ji /dʒi/ | ji /dʒi/ |
| Moto | tasuma /tasuma/ | tasuma /tasuma/ | tasuma /tasuma/ | tasuma /tasuma/ | tasuma /tasuma/ | tasuma /tasuma/ | ta /ta/ |
| Jua | tile /tile/ | tle /tle/ | tile /tile/ | tile /tile/ | tile /tile/ | tile /tile/ | tile /tile/ |
| Mwezi | kalo /kalo/ | kalo /kalo/ | kalo /kalo/ | kalo /kalo/ | kalo /kalo/ | kalo /kalo/ | kalo /kalo/ |
| Nyota | lolo /lolo/ | lolo /lolo/ | lolo /lolo/ | lolo /lolo/ | dolo /dólo/ | dolo /dòlo/ | tɛnɛ /tɛ̀nɛ̀/ |
| Mama | na /na/ | ba /ba/ | ba /ba/ | ba /ba/ | ba /ba/ | ba /ba/ | ba /ba/ |
| Baba | fa /fa/ | fa /fa/ | fa /fa/ | fa /fa/ | fa /fa/ | fa /fa/ | fa /fa/ |
| Mimi | ne /ne/ | ne /ne/ | ne /ne/ | ne /ne/ | ń /ŋ́/ | ne /nè/ | n /ǹ/ |
| Wewe | i /i/ | i /i/ | i /i/ | i /i/ | í /í/ | i /í/ | i /í/ |
| Jina | tɔɔ /tɔː/ | tɔɔ /tɔː/ | tɔɔ /tɔː/ | tɔɔ /tɔː/ | tɔgɔ /tɔ́gɔ/ | tɔgɔ /tɔ̀ɡɔ/ | to /tō/ |
| Jicho | nya /ɲa/ | ña /ɲa/ | ɲa /ɲa/ | ɲa /ɲa/ | ɲɛ /ɲɛ/ | ɲɛ /ɲɛ/ | ɲɛ /ɲɛ/ |
| Mkono | bolo /bolo/ | bolo /bolo/ | bolo /bolo/ | bolo /bolo/ | bolo /bolo/ | bolo /bolo/ | bolo /bolo/ |
| Moyo | dusu /dusu/ | dusu /dusu/ | dusu /dusu/ | dusu /dusu/ | dusu /dusu/ | dusu /dusu/ | dusu /dusu/ |
| Upendo | kanu /kanu/ | kanu /kanu/ | kanu /kanu/ | kanu /kanu/ | kanu /kanu/ | kanu /kanu/ | kana /kana/ |
| Mti | yiri /jiɾi/ | yiri /jiɾi/ | yiri /jiɾi/ | yiri /jiɾi/ | yiri /jiri/ | jiri /dʒiɾi/ | yiri /jiri/ |
| Nyumba | so /so/ | so /so/ | so /so/ | lu /lu/ | so /so/ | so /so/ | so /so/ |
| Mbwa | wulu /wulu/ | wulu /wulu/ | wulu /wulu/ | wuli /wuli/ | wulu /wulu/ | wulu /wulu/ | fugo /fuɡo/ |
| Paka | nyaakuma /ɲaːkuma/ | ñaakuma /ɲaːkuma/ | jakuma /dʒakuma/ | jakuma /dʒakuma/ | jakuma /dʒakuma/ | jakuma /dʒakuma/ | nyukuma /ɲukuma/ |
| Kula | don /don/ | don /don/ | domu /domu/ | domu /domu/ | dun /dun/ | dumuni /dumuni/ | don /don/ |
| Kunywa | min /min/ | min /min/ | min /min/ | min /min/ | min /min/ | min /min/ | min /min/ |
| Moja | kelen /kelen/ | kelen /kelen/ | kele /kele/ | kelen /kelen/ | kelen /kelen/ | kelen /kelen/ | kelen /kelen/ |
| Mbili | fila /fila/ | fila /fila/ | fila /fila/ | fila /fila/ | fila /fìla/ | fila /fìla/ | pla /plà/ |
| Habari | i ni sögöma /i ni soɣoma/ | i ni soɣoma /i ni soɣoma/ | i ni sogoma /i ni soɡoma/ | i ni se /i ni se/ | i ni soɣoma /i ni soɣoma/ | i ni ce /i ni tʃɛ/ | ka kɛ /ka kɛ/ |
| Asante | i ni baara /i ni baːɾa/ | i ni baara /i ni baːɾa/ | i ni baara /i ni baːɾa/ | i ni ce /i ni tʃe/ | i ni ce /i ni tʃe/ | i ni ce /i ni tʃɛ/ | baraka /baɾaka/ |
| Nzuri | nyuman /ɲuman/ | ñuman /ɲuman/ | nyi /ɲi/ | ka ɲi /ka ɲi/ | ɲuman /ɲuman/ | ka ɲi /ka ɲi/ | ɲuman /ɲuman/ |
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