Ilokano

Ilocano

Austronesian

FamilyAustronesian Speakers~10M ScriptLatin CountriesPhilippines Official inNo (regional) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3ilo

Ilocano (Ilokano, Iloko) is the third most-spoken native language in the Philippines after Tagalog and Cebuano, dominant in the Ilocos Region of northern Luzon and the Cagayan Valley, with a sizeable diaspora in Hawai'i where Ilocanos formed a major share of early sugar-plantation labour. It is an Austronesian language with verb-initial typology, focus-marking voice morphology, and inclusive/exclusive pronoun distinctions, written in a Latin orthography supplemented by historical Baybayin.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Ilocano

Water

danum

/danum/

Fire

apoy

/ʔaˈpoj/

Sun

init

/ʔinit/

Moon

bulan

/bulan/

Mother

ina

/ʔiˈna/

Father

ama

/ʔaˈma/

Eat

mangan

/maŋan/

Drink

uminom

/ʔumiˈnom/

Love

ayat

/ʔaˈjat/

Heart

puso

/puso/

Tree

kayo

/kajo/

House

balay

/balaj/

Dog

aso

/ˈʔaso/

Cat

pusa

/pusa/

Hand

ima

/ʔima/

Eye

mata

/mata/

Hello

kablaaw

/kablaʔaw/

Thank you

agyamanak

/ʔaɡjamanak/

One

maysa

/majsa/

Good

nasayaat

/nasajaʔat/

Words compared

Compared with related Austronesian languages

Meaning IlocanoCentral Cagayan AgtaTagalogMaranaoOld TagalogPangasinanMaguindanao
Water danum /danum/ danum /danum/ tubig /tubiɡ/ ig /iɡ/ ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔ /tubiɡ/ danum /daˈnum/ ig /ʔiɡ/
Fire apoy /ʔaˈpoj/ apuy /ʔaˈpuj/ apoy /ʔaˈpoj/ apoy /apoj/ ᜀᜉᜓᜌ᜔ /apuj/ apoy /ˈʔapoj/ apoy /ʔaˈpoj/
Sun init /ʔinit/ agew /ˈʔaɡew/ araw /ˈʔaɾaw/ alongan /aloŋan/ ᜀᜇᜏ᜔ /araw/ agew /ˈʔaɡəw/ senang /seˈnaŋ/
Moon bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ buwan /buwan/ bolan /bolan/ ᜊᜓᜏᜈ᜔ /buwan/ bulan /buˈlan/ bulan /buˈlan/
Mother ina /ʔiˈna/ ina /ʔiˈna/ ina /ʔiˈna/ ina /ina/ ᜁᜈ /ina/ ina /ˈʔina/ ina /ˈʔina/
Father ama /ʔaˈma/ ama /ʔaˈma/ ama /ʔaˈma/ ama /ama/ ᜀᜋ /ama/ ama /ˈʔama/ ama /ˈʔama/
Eat mangan /maŋan/ mangan /maŋan/ kumain /kumaˈʔin/ mangan /maŋan/ ᜃᜁᜈ᜔ /kain/ mangan /maˈŋan/ kakan /kaˈkan/
Drink uminom /ʔumiˈnom/ uminom /ʔumiˈnom/ uminom /ʔumiˈnom/ minom /minom/ ᜁᜈᜓᜋ᜔ /inom/ oninum /ʔoˈninum/ inum /ʔiˈnum/
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Word order compared

Compare with major world languages

Ilocano
Kayatko a padasan ti suit a nakitak iti tiendaan sangbay ti hotel
أنا أريد أن أجرب بدلة رأيتها في محل مقابل الفندق
试穿 酒店 对面的 商店 看到的 那套西装
I want to try on a suit I saw ‌in a shop across from the hotel
Ich möchte einen Anzug anprobieren den ich in einem Geschäft gegenüber vom Hotel gesehen habe
मैं होटल के सामने एक दुकान में देखा सूट को पहनकर देखना चाहता हूँ
私は ホテルの 向かいの お店 見た スーツを 試着 したいです
Я хочу примерить костюм который я увидел в магазине напротив отеля

Compare with closely-related languages

Gusto nako sulayan ang suit nga nakita nako sa tindahan atbang sa hotel
Au via vakatovolei e dua na ivakatagedegede ka au raica e na sitoa e na otela
Makemake au e hoʻāʻo i kahi kamaʻa aʻu i ʻike ai ma kahi hale kūʻai ma mua o ka hōkele
Ilocano
Kayatko a padasan ti suit a nakitak iti tiendaan sangbay ti hotel
Saya ingin mencoba setelan yang saya lihat di toko seberang hotel

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