Rinconada Bikol

Iriga Bicolano

Austronesian

FamilyAustronesian Speakers~250K ScriptLatin CountriesPhilippines Official inNo (Filipino/English official; Bikol Central bik is regionally recognized; Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3bto

Iriga Bicolano (Rinconada Bikol, autonymously Rinconada) is a Bikol Austronesian language spoken by ~250,000 people in the Rinconada district of Camarines Sur Province in the Bicol Region of Luzon, Philippines. Although traditionally classified as a dialect of Bikol Central (bik), Rinconada is in fact a distinct language not mutually intelligible with Standard Bikol Central spoken in Naga City. Its most distinctive linguistic feature is the schwa vowel ə (written ë in some orthographies), which contrasts with the simpler 5-vowel system of Bikol Central — this gives Rinconada words like aldəw 'sun' vs Bikol Central aldaw. The Bikol cluster includes ~12 distinct varieties; modern Lobel (2013) treatment classifies Rinconada as one of the Inland Bikol languages. Despite its 250K speakers, Rinconada faces pressure from Standard Bikol Central in education and media.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Iriga Bicolano

Water

tubig

/tubiɡ/

Fire

kalayo

/kalajɔ/

Sun

aldəw

/aldəw/

Moon

bulən

/bulən/

Mother

ina

/ina/

Father

ama

/ama/

Eat

kaən

/kaʔən/

Drink

inum

/inum/

Love

pagkaibəg

/paɡkaʔibəɡ/

Heart

puso

/puso/

Tree

kahoy

/kahɔj/

House

baləy

/baləj/

Dog

ayam

/ajam/

Cat

kuting

/kutiŋ/

Hand

kamət

/kamət/

Eye

mata

/mata/

Hello

kumusta

/kumusta/

Thank you

dyos mabalos

/djos mabalos/

One

əsad

/əsad/

Good

marhəy

/maɾhəj/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Austronesian languages

Meaning Iriga BicolanoBikol CentralHiligaynonCebuanoTausugWarayOld Tagalog
Water tubig /tubiɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/ ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔ /tubiɡ/
Fire kalayo /kalajɔ/ kalayo /kalajo/ kalayo /kalajɔ/ kalayo /kalajo/ kayu /kaju/ kalayo /kalajɔ/ ᜀᜉᜓᜌ᜔ /apuj/
Sun aldəw /aldəw/ aldaw /aldaw/ adlaw /ʔadlaw/ adlaw /adlaw/ adlaw /adlaw/ adlaw /ʔadlaw/ ᜀᜇᜏ᜔ /araw/
Moon bulən /bulən/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ ᜊᜓᜏᜈ᜔ /buwan/
Mother ina /ina/ nanay /nanaj/ nanay /nanaj/ inahan /inahan/ inaꞌ /inaʔ/ nanay /nanaj/ ᜁᜈ /ina/
Father ama /ama/ tatay /tataj/ tatay /tataj/ amahan /amahan/ amaꞌ /amaʔ/ tatay /tataj/ ᜀᜋ /ama/
Eat kaən /kaʔən/ kakanon /kakanon/ kaon /kaʔɔn/ kaon /kaʔon/ kaun /kaʔun/ kaon /kaʔon/ ᜃᜁᜈ᜔ /kain/
Drink inum /inum/ inumon /inumon/ inom /ʔinɔm/ inom /inom/ minum /minum/ inom /ʔinɔm/ ᜁᜈᜓᜋ᜔ /inom/
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