Rinconada Bikol

Iriga Bicolano

Austronesian

FamilyAustronesian Speakers~250K ScriptLatin CountriesPhilippines Official inNo (Filipino/English official; Bikol Central bik is regionally recognized) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3bto

Iriga Bicolano (Rinconada Bikol, autonymously Rinconada) is a Bikol Austronesian language spoken by ~250,000 people in the Rinconada district of Camarines Sur Province in the Bicol Region of Luzon, Philippines. Although traditionally classified as a dialect of Bikol Central (bik), Rinconada is in fact a distinct language not mutually intelligible with Standard Bikol Central spoken in Naga City. Its most distinctive linguistic feature is the schwa vowel ə (written ë in some orthographies), which contrasts with the simpler 5-vowel system of Bikol Central — this gives Rinconada words like aldəw 'sun' vs Bikol Central aldaw. The Bikol cluster includes ~12 distinct varieties; modern Lobel (2013) treatment classifies Rinconada as one of the Inland Bikol languages. Despite its 250K speakers, Rinconada faces pressure from Standard Bikol Central in education and media.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Iriga Bicolano

Water

tubig

/tubiɡ/

Fire

kalayo

/kalajɔ/

Sun

aldəw

/aldəw/

Moon

bulən

/bulən/

Star

bitóon

/bituʔon/

Mother

ina

/ina/

Father

ama

/ama/

I

akó

/ʔako/

You

ikā

/ʔika/

Name

ngaran

/ŋaran/

Eye

mata

/mata/

Hand

kamət

/kamət/

Heart

puso

/puso/

Love

pagkaibəg

/paɡkaʔibəɡ/

Tree

kahoy

/kahɔj/

House

baləy

/baləj/

Dog

ayam

/ajam/

Cat

kuting

/kutiŋ/

Eat

kaən

/kaʔən/

Drink

inum

/inum/

One

əsad

/əsad/

Two

darwā

/darwaː/

Hello

kumusta

/kumusta/

Thank you

dyos mabalos

/djos mabalos/

Good

marhəy

/maɾhəj/

Computer

kompyuter

/komˈpjutɛr/

Sushi

sushi

/ˈsuʃi/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Austronesian languages

Meaning Iriga BicolanoBikol CentralWarayHiligaynonCebuanoTausugOld Tagalog
Water tubig /tubiɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/ ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔ /tubiɡ/
Fire kalayo /kalajɔ/ kalayo /kalajo/ kalayo /kalajɔ/ kalayo /kalajɔ/ kalayo /kalajo/ kayu /kaju/ ᜀᜉᜓᜌ᜔ /apuj/
Sun aldəw /aldəw/ saldang /salˈdaŋ/ adlaw /ʔadlaw/ adlaw /ʔadlaw/ adlaw /adlaw/ adlaw /adlaw/ ᜀᜇᜏ᜔ /araw/
Moon bulən /bulən/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ ᜊᜓᜏᜈ᜔ /buwan/
Star bitóon /bituʔon/ bitoon /bituʔon/ bitoon /bituʔon/ bituon /bituˈʔon/ bituon /bituˈʔon/ bituun /bituʔun/ ᜊᜒᜆᜓᜁᜈ᜔ /bituʔin/
Mother ina /ina/ nanay /nanaj/ nanay /nanaj/ nanay /nanaj/ inahan /inahan/ inaꞌ /inaʔ/ ᜁᜈ /ina/
Father ama /ama/ tatay /tataj/ tatay /tataj/ tatay /tataj/ amahan /amahan/ amaꞌ /amaʔ/ ᜀᜋ /ama/
I akó /ʔako/ ako /ʔako/ ako /ʔako/ ako /ʔaˈko/ ako /ʔaˈko/ aku /aku/ ᜀᜃᜓ /ako/
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