Hata Angkola
Batak Angkola
Austronesian
Batak Angkola is one of the four major Batak languages of North Sumatra, spoken in the South Tapanuli highlands by ~750,000 people. The Batak cluster (Toba bbc, Karo btx, Mandailing btm, Angkola akb, Pakpak/Dairi, Simalungun) shows considerable mutual intelligibility but distinct cultural/ethnic identities. Angkola and Mandailing are particularly close as the southern Batak varieties, sometimes treated as dialects of a single language. Distinctively, the Angkola Batak community is predominantly Muslim (vs. Christian Toba/Karo), reflecting the gradual southward spread of Islam from coastal Sumatran sultanates. Linguistically, Angkola preserves typical Sumatran Austronesian features: voice/focus alternations, classifier-like noun particles, and a rich pronoun system marking inclusivity.
Where it is spoken
31 core words in Batak Angkola
Water
aek
/aek/
Fire
api
/api/
Sun
mata ni ari
/mata ni ari/
Moon
bulan
/bulan/
Star
bintang
/bintaŋ/
Mother
inang
/inaŋ/
Father
amang
/amaŋ/
I
au
/au/
You
ho
/ho/
Name
goar
/goar/
Eye
mata
/mata/
Hand
tangan
/taŋan/
Heart
roha
/roha/
Love
holong
/holoŋ/
Tree
hayu
/haju/
House
bagas
/baɡas/
Dog
asu
/asu/
Cat
huting
/hutiŋ/
Eat
mangan
/maŋan/
Drink
minum
/minum/
One
sada
/sada/
Two
dua
/dua/
Hello
horas
/horas/
Thank you
mauliate
/mauliate/
Good
denggan
/deŋɡan/
Computer
komputer
/komˈputər/
Sushi
sushi
/ˈsuʃi/
Sources
Words compared
Compared with related Austronesian languages
| Meaning | Batak Angkola | Toba Batak | Simalungun Batak | Musi | Gayo | Banjar | Ambon Malay |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | aek /aek/ | aek /aek/ | bah /bah/ | ayek /ajek/ | weih /weih/ | banyu /baɲu/ | aer /aer/ |
| Fire | api /api/ | api /api/ | apuy /apuj/ | api /api/ | rara /ɾaɾa/ | api /api/ | api /api/ |
| Sun | mata ni ari /mata ni ari/ | mata ni ari /mata ni ari/ | mata ni ari /mata ni ari/ | matahari /matahari/ | matanlo /matanlo/ | matahari /matahari/ | mata hari /mata hari/ |
| Moon | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | ulen /ulən/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ |
| Star | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ |
| Mother | inang /inaŋ/ | ina /ina/ | inang /inaŋ/ | mak /mak/ | ine /ine/ | uma /uma/ | mama /mama/ |
| Father | amang /amaŋ/ | ama /ama/ | bapa /bapa/ | bapak /bapak/ | ama /ama/ | abah /abah/ | papa /papa/ |
| I | au /au/ | au /au/ | ahu /ahu/ | aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ | beta /beta/ |
| You | ho /ho/ | ho /ho/ | ho /ho/ | kau /kau/ | ko /ko/ | ikam /ikam/ | ose /ose/ |
| Name | goar /goar/ | goar /goar/ | goran /goran/ | namo /namo/ | gerel /gərəl/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ | nama /nama/ |
| Eye | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mato /mato/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ |
| Hand | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | pumu /pumu/ | tangan /taŋan/ | tangang /taŋaŋ/ |
| Heart | roha /roha/ | roha /roha/ | uhur /uhur/ | hati /hati/ | ate /ate/ | ati /ati/ | hati /hati/ |
| Love | holong /holoŋ/ | holong /holoŋ/ | holong /holoŋ/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | kunyung /kuɲuŋ/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ |
| Tree | hayu /haju/ | hau /hau/ | hayu /haju/ | kayu /kaju/ | kayu /kaju/ | batang /bataŋ/ | pohon /pohon/ |
| House | bagas /baɡas/ | jabu /dʒabu/ | rumah /rumah/ | rumah /rumah/ | umah /umah/ | rumah /rumah/ | ruma /ruma/ |
| Dog | asu /asu/ | biang /biaŋ/ | baliang /baliaŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | asu /asu/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ |
| Cat | huting /hutiŋ/ | huting /hutiŋ/ | huting /hutiŋ/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ | pusa /pusa/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ |
| Eat | mangan /maŋan/ | mangan /maŋan/ | mangan /maŋan/ | makan /makan/ | mangan /maŋan/ | makan /makan/ | makang /makaŋ/ |
| Drink | minum /minum/ | minum /minum/ | minum /minum/ | minum /minum/ | minum /minum/ | nginum /ŋinum/ | minong /minoŋ/ |
| One | sada /sada/ | sada /sada/ | sada /sada/ | siko /siko/ | sara /saɾa/ | asa /asa/ | satu /satu/ |
| Two | dua /dua/ | dua /dua/ | dua /dua/ | duo /duo/ | roa /roa/ | dua /dua/ | dua /dua/ |
| Hello | horas /horas/ | horas /horas/ | horas /horas/ | halo /halo/ | salam /salam/ | salam /salam/ | hela /hela/ |
| Thank you | mauliate /mauliate/ | mauliate /mauliate/ | diatebei /diatebei/ | terimo kasih /terimo kasih/ | berejen /bərədʒən/ | tarima kasih /tarima kasih/ | tarima kase /tarima kase/ |
| Good | denggan /deŋɡan/ | denggan /deŋɡan/ | dear /dear/ | bagus /baɡus/ | jeroh /dʒeɾoh/ | bagus /baɡus/ | bagus /baɡus/ |
| Computer | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ |
| Sushi | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ |
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