Bahasa Melayu Ambon

Ambon Malay

Austronesian

FamilyAustronesian Speakers~250K L1 + ~1.4M L2 ScriptLatin CountriesIndonesia Official inIndonesia Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3abs

Ambon Malay (autonymously Bahasa Melayu Ambon) is a Malay-based contact variety of the Maluku archipelago, spoken as L1 by around 250,000 people and as L2 by approximately 1.4 million in the eastern Indonesian province of Maluku. Linguistically, Ambon Malay descends from the lingua franca Malay used by Maluku spice traders and Dutch colonial administrators since the 16th century, gradually replacing the indigenous Maluku Austronesian languages of Ambonese and Lease Islanders. It is now a creolized contact variety with simplified Malay grammar but distinctive Ambonese phonology (final consonant weakening, distinct vowel qualities) and lexicon (significant Portuguese, Dutch, and indigenous Maluku loanwords). Ambon Malay is one of the most-vibrant regional Malay varieties of Indonesia and serves as the cultural lingua franca of the entire Maluku region.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Ambon Malay

Water

aer

/aer/

Fire

api

/api/

Sun

mata hari

/mata hari/

Moon

bulan

/bulan/

Mother

mama

/mama/

Father

papa

/papa/

Eat

makang

/makaŋ/

Drink

minong

/minoŋ/

Love

sayang

/sajaŋ/

Heart

hati

/hati/

Tree

pohon

/pohon/

House

ruma

/ruma/

Dog

anjing

/andʒiŋ/

Cat

kucing

/kutʃiŋ/

Hand

tangang

/taŋaŋ/

Eye

mata

/mata/

Hello

hela

/hela/

Thank you

tarima kase

/tarima kase/

One

satu

/satu/

Good

bagus

/baɡus/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Austronesian languages

Meaning Ambon MalayNorth Moluccan MalayMusiIndonesianMalayBanjarOld Malay
Water aer /aer/ aer /aer/ ayek /ajek/ air /ˈa.ir/ air /ˈa.ir/ banyu /baɲu/ ayar /ajar/
Fire api /api/ api /api/ api /api/ api /api/ api /api/ api /api/ api /api/
Sun mata hari /mata hari/ matahari /matahari/ matahari /matahari/ matahari /matahari/ matahari /matahari/ matahari /matahari/ matari /matari/
Moon bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/
Mother mama /mama/ mama /mama/ mak /mak/ ibu /ibu/ ibu /ibu/ uma /uma/ ibu /ibu/
Father papa /papa/ papa /papa/ bapak /bapak/ ayah /ajah/ ayah /ajah/ abah /abah/ bapa /bapa/
Eat makang /makaŋ/ makang /makaŋ/ makan /makan/ makan /makan/ makan /makan/ makan /makan/ makan /makan/
Drink minong /minoŋ/ minong /minoŋ/ minum /minum/ minum /minum/ minum /minum/ nginum /ŋinum/ minum /minum/
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