Occitan

Romance

FamilyRomance Speakers~200K ScriptLatin CountriesFrance (Occitania), Spain (Val d'Aran), Italy (Occitan valleys), Monaco Official inSpain (Val d'Aran — Aranese co-official) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3oci

Occitan (Lenga d'òc) is a Gallo-Romance language with ~200K speakers — historically the language of Provence, Languedoc, Gascony, and Catalonia (Aran). Co-official only in Spain's Val d'Aran (Aranese variety since 1990). Major medieval troubadour literary tradition (12-13th c. — birthplace of European courtly love poetry). Severely endangered due to French/Spanish state pressure.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Occitan

Water

aiga

/ajɡɔ/

Fire

fuòc

/fwɔk/

Sun

solelh

/sulɛʎ/

Moon

luna

/lyno/

Mother

maire

/majre/

Father

paire

/ˈpajɾe/

Eat

manjar

/mandʒa/

Drink

béure

/bewre/

Love

amor

/amur/

Heart

còr

/kɔr/

Tree

arbre

/arbre/

House

ostal

/ustal/

Dog

can

/ka/

Cat

gat

/ɡat/

Hand

man

/ma/

Eye

uèlh

/wɛʎ/

Hello

adieu

/adjew/

Thank you

mercés

/merses/

One

un

/yn/

Good

bon

/bu/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Romance languages

Meaning OccitanVenetianInterlinguaRomanshCorsicanCatalanSicilian
Water aiga /ajɡɔ/ aqua /akwa/ aqua /akwa/ aua /awa/ acqua /akwa/ aigua /ajɣwə/ acqua /akkwa/
Fire fuòc /fwɔk/ fogo /foɡo/ foco /fɔko/ fieu /fjew/ focu /fɔku/ foc /fɔk/ focu /fɔku/
Sun solelh /sulɛʎ/ sol /sol/ sol /sɔl/ sulegl /suleʎ/ sole /sɔle/ sol /sɔl/ suli /suli/
Moon luna /lyno/ łuna /ɫuna/ luna /luna/ glina /ɡlina/ luna /luna/ lluna /ʎunə/ luna /luna/
Mother maire /majre/ mare /mare/ matre /matre/ mamma /mama/ mamma /mamma/ mare /maɾə/ matri /matri/
Father paire /ˈpajɾe/ pare /pare/ patre /patre/ bab /bap/ babbu /babːu/ pare /paɾə/ patri /patri/
Eat manjar /mandʒa/ magnàr /maˈɲar/ manducar /mandukar/ mangiar /mandʒar/ manghjà /manɟa/ menjar /mənʒa/ manciari /mantʃari/
Drink béure /bewre/ bévar /ˈbevar/ biber /biber/ baiver /bajver/ beie /beje/ beure /bewɾə/ vìviri /viviri/
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Word order compared

Compare with major world languages

Occitan
Ieu vòli ensajar un vestit que ai vist dins una botiga en fàcia de l'ostal
أنا أريد أن أجرب بدلة رأيتها في محل مقابل الفندق
试穿 酒店 对面的 商店 看到的 那套西装
I want to try on a suit I saw ‌in a shop across from the hotel
Ich möchte einen Anzug anprobieren den ich in einem Geschäft gegenüber vom Hotel gesehen habe
मैं होटल के सामने एक दुकान में देखा सूट को पहनकर देखना चाहता हूँ
私は ホテルの 向かいの お店 見た スーツを 試着 したいです
Я хочу примерить костюм который я увидел в магазине напротив отеля

Compare with closely-related languages

Jo vull provar-me un vestit que vaig veure en una botiga davant de l'hotel
Je voudrais essayer un costume que j' ai vu dans un magasin en face de l'hôtel
Eu quero probar un traxe que vin nunha tenda fronte ao hotel
Io voglio provare un abito che ho visto ‌in un negozio di fronte all'hotel
Occitan
Ieu vòli ensajar un vestit que ai vist dins una botiga en fàcia de l'ostal

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