Thaw a tnaw
Thao
Austronesian
Thao (Sao, autonymously Thaw a tnaw "the Thao language") is one of the most critically endangered Austronesian languages, with only ~5 fluent native speakers remaining among ~600 ethnic Thao. The Thao are concentrated at Sun Moon Lake (also known as Lake Candidius) in central Taiwan, where they are the original inhabitants. Linguistically, Thao is the only surviving Western Plains Formosan language — sister to several extinct Plains Formosan languages of the Taiwanese west coast (Hoanya, Babuza, Papora, etc.) that died out during 17th-19th century Han Chinese settlement. Thao's linguistic isolation makes it especially valuable for Austronesian historical reconstruction. Recognized as Taiwan's 10th official aboriginal nation in 2001 after extensive community advocacy.
Où elle est parlée
20 mots essentiels en Thao
Eau
nanum
/nanum/
Feu
azpu
/azpu/
Soleil
fitulha
/fituʎa/
Lune
lhmiat
/ʎmiat/
Mère
ina
/ina/
Père
ama
/ama/
Manger
kuman
/kuman/
Boire
naqayan
/naqajan/
Amour
suka
/suka/
Cœur
putul
/putul/
Arbre
lhalum
/ʎalum/
Maison
kayan
/kajan/
Chien
atu
/atu/
Chat
posi
/posi/
Main
lima
/lima/
Œil
mata
/mata/
Bonjour
ya
/ja/
Merci
mihu
/mihu/
Un
tata
/tata/
Bon
kapah
/kapah/
Sources
Mots comparés
Comparé aux langues Austronesian apparentées
| Sens | Thao | Sakizaya | amis | bunun | tao/yami | paiwan | ngaju |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | nanum /nanum/ | nanum /nanum/ | nanom /nanom/ | danum /danum/ | ranom /ranom/ | zaljum /zaɭum/ | danum /danum/ |
| Feu | azpu /azpu/ | lamal /lamal/ | namal /namal/ | sapuz /sapuz/ | apuy /apuj/ | sapuy /sapui/ | apui /apui/ |
| Soleil | fitulha /fituʎa/ | cidal /tʃidal/ | cidal /tsiðal/ | vali /vali/ | araw /araw/ | qadaw /qadaw/ | matanandau /matanandau/ |
| Lune | lhmiat /ʎmiat/ | ʔulalalalal /ʔulalal/ | folad /folað/ | buan /buan/ | vehan /vehan/ | qiljas /qiɭas/ | bulan /bulan/ |
| Mère | ina /ina/ | ina /ina/ | ina /ina/ | tina /tina/ | ina /ina/ | kina /kina/ | indu /indu/ |
| Père | ama /ama/ | ama /ama/ | ama /ama/ | tama /tama/ | ama /ama/ | kama /kama/ | bapa /bapa/ |
| Manger | kuman /kuman/ | hekal /hekal/ | komaen /komaen/ | maun /maun/ | kuman /kuman/ | keman /kəman/ | kuman /kuman/ |
| Boire | naqayan /naqajan/ | mihecak /mihetʃak/ | minom /minom/ | muqun /muqun/ | minum /minum/ | temekel /təməkəl/ | mihop /mihop/ |
| Amour | suka /suka/ | kapah /kapah/ | maolah /maolah/ | madaidaz /madaidaz/ | makakdeng /makakdəŋ/ | nasaqaqa /nasaqaqa/ | sinta /sinta/ |
| Cœur | putul /putul/ | gawang /ɡawaŋ/ | faloko' /falokoʔ/ | is-ang /isaŋ/ | paso /paso/ | varung /vaɾuŋ/ | atei /atei/ |
| Arbre | lhalum /ʎalum/ | kilang /kilaŋ/ | kilang /kilaŋ/ | kahu /kahu/ | kayo /kajo/ | kasiw /kasiw/ | kayu /kaju/ |
| Maison | kayan /kajan/ | luma /luma/ | loma' /lomaʔ/ | lumaq /lumaq/ | vahay /vahaj/ | umaq /umaq/ | huma /huma/ |
| Chien | atu /atu/ | waco /watʃo/ | wacu /watsu/ | asu /asu/ | ino /ino/ | vatu /vatu/ | asu /asu/ |
| Chat | posi /posi/ | posi /posi/ | posi /posi/ | ngingiyaw /ŋiŋijaw/ | koving /koviŋ/ | ngiaw /ŋiaw/ | posa /posa/ |
| Main | lima /lima/ | kamay /kamai/ | kamay /kamaj/ | ima /ima/ | kamay /kamaj/ | lima /lima/ | lengen /ləŋən/ |
| Œil | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | maca /matsa/ | mate /mate/ |
| Bonjour | ya /ja/ | marayas /maɾajas/ | nga'ay ho /ŋaʔaj ho/ | uninang /uninaŋ/ | akokay /akokaj/ | masalu /masalu/ | tabea /tabea/ |
| Merci | mihu /mihu/ | lalumahan /lalumahan/ | aray /araj/ | uninang /uninaŋ/ | ayoy /ajoj/ | masalu /masalu/ | sahindai /sahindai/ |
| Un | tata /tata/ | cacay /tʃatʃai/ | cecay /tsetsaj/ | tasa /tasa/ | asa /asa/ | ita /ita/ | ije /ije/ |
| Bon | kapah /kapah/ | kapah /kapah/ | kapah /kapah/ | masial /masial/ | mapia /mapia/ | nguanguaq /ŋuaŋuaq/ | bahalap /bahalap/ |
Fait partie de LangMap — un projet de visualisation linguistique. Ceci est un résumé statique et explorable ; les cartes interactives offrent l’audio de prononciation, des filtres et une vue globe.