Spanish (Guatemalan)

Guatemalan Spanish (Spanish: español guatemalteco; locale es-GT) is the national variety of Spanish in Guatemala, where it coexists with 22 Mayan languages, Xinka, and Garifuna. It belongs to Central American Spanish and generally shows seseo and yeísmo; highland speech tends to preserve syllable-final /s/ more strongly than Caribbean varieties, while word-final /n/ may be velarized and intervocalic /b d g/ undergo the lenition common in Spanish. The address system prominently uses vos with corresponding voseo verb forms, alongside usted; the role of tú varies by region, formality, and speaker. Long contact with Mayan languages has influenced local pronunciation, vocabulary, and discourse, especially among bilingual speakers. Written usage follows standard Spanish orthography and includes a recognizable body of Guatemalanisms.