𓂋 𓈖 𓆎𓅓𓏏

Ancient Egyptian

Afro-Asiatic · historical / hidden variety

FamilyAfro-Asiatic SpeakersExtinct ScriptHieroglyphic / Hieratic / Demotic CountriesAncient Egypt Official inHistorical — the administrative, monumental and religious language of pharaonic Egypt Vitalityextinct ISO 639-3egy

Ancient Egyptian was spoken for over 3,000 years along the Nile, from the Old Kingdom through the Roman period — one of the longest continuously attested languages in human history. Written in hieroglyphs, hieratic, demotic, and finally Coptic alphabet, it is preserved in pyramid inscriptions, papyri, and monumental temple decoration. Its Afro-Asiatic kinship was confirmed only after Champollion's 1822 decipherment of the Rosetta Stone gave scholars access to the corpus.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Ancient Egyptian

Water

𓈗

/muː/

Fire

𓊮

/sedʒet/

Sun

𓇳

/riːʕa/

Moon

𓇹

/jaʕaħ/

Star

𓋴𓃀𓄿𓇼

/ˈsabaʔ/

Mother

𓅐𓏏

/muːt/

Father

𓇋𓏏

/jit/

I

𓇋𓏌𓎡

/ʔaˈnak/

You

𓈖𓏏𓎡

/ʔənˈtak/

Name

𓂋𓈖

/rin/

Eye

𓁹

/iːɾet/

Hand

𓂧𓂋𓏏

/dʒaːrat/

Heart

𓇋𓃀

/jib/

Love

𓅓𓂋

/meɾ/

Tree

𓇋𓈎𓏌𓆭

/ʕaːʃ/

House

𓉐

/peɾ/

Dog

𓃛𓅱𓃛𓅱𓃡

/iuːiuː/

Cat

𓏇𓇋𓅱𓃠

/miːw/

Eat

𓅱𓈖𓏌

/wenem/

Drink

𓋴𓅱𓂋

/seweɾ/

One

𓏤

/waːʕ/

Two

𓌢𓏌𓏤𓏤

/ˈsinuwij/

Hello

𓇋𓈖𓂧𓉔𓂋𓎡

/jined-ħeɾek/

Thank you

𓂧𓅱𓂝𓎡

/duːʕak/

Good

𓄤

/nefeɾ/

Words compared

Compared with related Afro-Asiatic languages

Meaning Ancient EgyptianCopticBalochiMagahiMaithiliHindiJordanian Arabic
Water 𓈗 /muː/ ⲙⲟⲟⲩ /moːu/ آپ /aːp/ पानी /paːni/ पानी /paːniː/ पानी /paːniː/ ماي /maːj/
Fire 𓊮 /sedʒet/ ⲕⲣⲱⲙ /kroːm/ آس /aːs/ आग /aːɡ/ आगि /aːɡi/ आग /aːɡ/ نار /naːɾ/
Sun 𓇳 /riːʕa/ ⲣⲏ /reː/ روچ /roːtʃ/ सूरज /suːraj/ सूरज /suːrədʒ/ सूरज /suːɾədʒ/ شمس /ʃams/
Moon 𓇹 /jaʕaħ/ ⲓⲟϩ /joːh/ ماہ /maːh/ चान /tʃaːn/ चान /tʃaːn/ चाँद /tʃãːd/ قمر /ɡamar/
Star 𓋴𓃀𓄿𓇼 /ˈsabaʔ/ ⲥⲓⲟⲩ /siu/ استار /estaːr/ तारा /taːraː/ तारा /taːraː/ तारा /taːɾaː/ نجمة /nadʒme/
Mother 𓅐𓏏 /muːt/ ⲙⲁⲁⲩ /maːu/ ماس /maːs/ माय /maːj/ माय /maːj/ माँ /mãː/ أم /ʔumː/
Father 𓇋𓏏 /jit/ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ /ejoːt/ پت /pit/ बाबू /baːbuː/ बाबू /baːbuː/ पिता /pitaː/ أب /ʔabː/
I 𓇋𓏌𓎡 /ʔaˈnak/ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ /aˈnok/ من /man/ हम /ɦəm/ हम /ɦəm/ मैं /mɛ̃ː/ أنا /ʔana/
Page 1/4

Word order compared

Compare with major world languages

Ancient Egyptian
𓅓𓂋𓏏|mrt 𓇋|.j 𓅓𓂝𓂝|mꜣꜣ.n.j 𓎛𓃀𓋴|ḥbs 𓅓 𓅱𓇋𓂝𓏏|m wjꜥ.t 𓂋 𓉐|r-ḥꜣ.t pr
أنا أريد أن أجرب بدلة رأيتها في محل مقابل الفندق
试穿 酒店 对面的 商店 看到的 那套西装
I want to try on a suit I saw ‌in a shop across from the hotel
Ich möchte einen Anzug anprobieren den ich in einem Geschäft gegenüber vom Hotel gesehen habe
मैं होटल के सामने एक दुकान में देखा सूट को पहनकर देखना चाहता हूँ
私は ホテルの 向かいの お店 見た スーツを 試着 したいです
Я хочу примерить костюм который я увидел в магазине напротив отеля

Compare with closely-related languages

anāku erriš labāšu lubāri ša amuru ina bīti mehret bīt nubatti
Ancient Egyptian
𓅓𓂋𓏏|mrt 𓇋|.j 𓅓𓂝𓂝|mꜣꜣ.n.j 𓎛𓃀𓋴|ḥbs 𓅓 𓅱𓇋𓂝𓏏|m wjꜥ.t 𓂋 𓉐|r-ḥꜣ.t pr
أنا أبي أجرب البدلة اللي شفتها في المحل مقابل الفندق
ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲛⲧⲁϣⲉⲡ ⲟⲩϩⲃⲥⲱ ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ϩⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲡⲟⲑⲏⲕⲏ ⲙⲡⲉⲙⲧⲟ ⲙⲡⲙⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ
Ina so in gwada rigar ‌da na gani a shago gaban hotel

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