Gedeʼuffa

Gedeo

Afro-Asiatic

FamilyAfro-Asiatic Speakers~1.8–2M ScriptLatin CountriesEthiopia Official inNo (Amharic is the federal working language; Ethiopia's 1995 Constitution gives all languages equal state recognition) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3drs

Gedeo (Gedeʼuffa, "Gedeo speech") is a Highland East Cushitic language of southern Ethiopia, sister to Sidamo (sid), Hadiyya, and Kembata. The Gedeo people are agricultural farmers in the highlands south of Lake Awasa, with a renowned coffee-and-enset (false banana) cultivation system that has been UNESCO-listed (2023) as the Gedeo Cultural Landscape — a sustainable agroforestry practice. Linguistically, Gedeo has typical Highland East Cushitic features: gender-based subject-verb agreement, focus markers, and complex verb conjugation. The 2007 Ethiopian census recorded ~986,000 ethnic Gedeo, with most also bilingual in Amharic.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Gedeo

Water

woyye

/wojːe/

Fire

gira

/ɡiɾa/

Sun

ayyaʼne

/ajːaʔne/

Moon

agina

/aɡina/

Star

urje

/urdʒe/

Mother

aaki

/aːki/

Father

eke

/eke/

I

ani

/ani/

You

ati

/ati/

Name

su'ma

/suʔma/

Eye

ille

/ilːe/

Hand

anga

/aŋɡa/

Heart

wodana

/wodana/

Love

baxxa

/baxːa/

Tree

haqqa

/haqːa/

House

mine

/mine/

Dog

kaneessa

/kaneːsːa/

Cat

adurre

/aduɾːe/

Eat

ittu

/itːu/

Drink

agittu

/aɡitːu/

One

mitto

/mitːo/

Two

lame

/lame/

Hello

mooye

/moːje/

Thank you

galaata

/ɡalaːta/

Good

danee

/daneː/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Afro-Asiatic languages

Meaning GedeoSidamoOromoWolayttaKonsoSahoSlovenian
Water woyye /wojːe/ waayyo /waːjːo/ bishaan /biʃaːn/ haatta /haːtːa/ pishaa /piʃaː/ lee /leː/ voda /ˈʋɔːda/
Fire gira /ɡiɾa/ giiraa /ɡiːraː/ ibidda /ibidːa/ tama /tama/ apitta /apitːa/ gira /ɡira/ ogenj /oːɡənj/
Sun ayyaʼne /ajːaʔne/ arrishshe /arːiʃːe/ aduu /aduː/ awa /awa/ piirtuta /piːrtuta/ ayro /ajɾo/ sonce /soːntsɛ/
Moon agina /aɡina/ agana /aɡana/ jiʼa /dʒiʔa/ aginaa /aɡinaː/ leya /leja/ alsa /alsa/ luna /luːna/
Star urje /urdʒe/ beeddakko /beːdːakko/ urjii /urdʒiː/ xoolinttee /tʼoːlintːeː/ hikkitta /hikːitːa/ cutuk /ħutuk/ zvezda /ˈzʋeːzda/
Mother aaki /aːki/ ama /ama/ haadha /haːɗa/ aaya /aːja/ aayyaa /aːjːaː/ ina /ina/ mati /maːti/
Father eke /eke/ anna /anːa/ abbaa /abːaː/ aawa /aːwa/ aappaa /aːpːaː/ abba /abba/ oče /oːtʃɛ/
I ani /ani/ ani /ani/ ani /ani/ taani /taːni/ anti /anti/ anu /ʔanu/ jaz /jaːs/
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