अंगिका

Angika

Indo-European

FamilyIndo-European Speakers~7M (largely undercounted in censuses) ScriptDevanagari (modern); Kaithi (historical, 19th c.) CountriesIndia Official inNo (Hindi is the sole official language; Angika has Bihar government recognition) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3anp

Angika is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language of the Magadhan subgroup, spoken in the Anga region (historic Anga Mahajanapada kingdom of the 6th c. BCE) of Bihar and Jharkhand in eastern India. The Anga heartland is the Bhagalpur-Munger area along the Ganges, with the historic capital at Champa (modern Bhagalpur). Angika is sister to Maithili (mai) and Bhojpuri (bho), with which it forms the Magadhan continuum, and shows distinctive features intermediate between Maithili and Bengali (bn). Long classified as a Hindi or Maithili dialect for political reasons; modern linguistic and cultural recognition treats it as a separate language. Estimated speakers ~7 million but largely undercounted; the 2011 Indian census recorded only ~743,000 due to self-identification as Hindi.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Angika

Water

पानी

/paːniː/

Fire

आग

/aːɡ/

Sun

सूरज

/suːrədʒ/

Moon

चान

/tʃaːn/

Star

तारा

/taːraː/

Mother

माय

/maːj/

Father

बाबू

/baːbuː/

I

हम

/ɦəm/

You

तों

/tõː/

Name

नाम

/naːm/

Eye

आँख

/ãːkʰ/

Hand

हाथ

/haːtʰ/

Heart

मन

/man/

Love

मया

/majaː/

Tree

गाछ

/ɡaːtʃʰ/

House

घर

/ɡʱər/

Dog

कुक्कर

/kukːər/

Cat

बिलार

/bilaːr/

Eat

खाएक

/kʰaːek/

Drink

पीयक

/piːjak/

One

एक

/eːk/

Two

दू

/duː/

Hello

प्रणाम

/prəɳaːm/

Thank you

धन्यवाद

/dʱənjəbaːd/

Good

नीक

/niːk/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Indo-European languages

Meaning AngikaMaithiliMagahiTharuAwadhiBhojpuriBraj Bhasha
Water पानी /paːniː/ पानी /paːniː/ पानी /paːni/ पानी /paːniː/ पानी /paːniː/ पानी /paːniː/ पानी /paːniː/
Fire आग /aːɡ/ आगि /aːɡi/ आग /aːɡ/ आग /aːɡ/ आगि /aːɡi/ आगि /aːɡɪ/ आग /aːɡ/
Sun सूरज /suːrədʒ/ सूरज /suːrədʒ/ सूरज /suːraj/ सूरज /suːrədʒ/ सूरज /suːrədʒ/ सूरज /suːɾədʒ/ सूरज /suːrədʒ/
Moon चान /tʃaːn/ चान /tʃaːn/ चान /tʃaːn/ चांद /tʃãːd/ चान /tʃaːn/ चाँद /tʃãːd/ चंद्र /tʃəndɾ/
Star तारा /taːraː/ तारा /taːraː/ तारा /taːraː/ तारा /taːraː/ तारा /taːraː/ तारा /taːɾaː/ तारा /taːraː/
Mother माय /maːj/ माय /maːj/ माय /maːj/ माई /maːiː/ मइया /məjjaː/ माई /maːiː/ मैया /məjjaː/
Father बाबू /baːbuː/ बाबू /baːbuː/ बाबू /baːbuː/ बबा /bəbaː/ बाबू /baːbuː/ बाबू /baːbuː/ बाप /baːp/
I हम /ɦəm/ हम /ɦəm/ हम /ɦəm/ हम /ɦəm/ मैं /mɛ̃ː/ हम /ɦəm/ हौं /ɦɔ̃ː/
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