Boarisch

Bavarian

Indo-European

FamilyIndo-European Speakers~14M ScriptLatin CountriesAustria, Germany (Bavaria), Italy (South Tyrol) Official inNo (Standard German is official; recognised as a minority language in South Tyrol) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3bar

Bavarian (Boarisch) is an Upper German variety spoken by around 14 million people across Bavaria, most of Austria (excluding Vorarlberg), and the South Tyrol region of Italy. While politically classified as a German dialect, linguists treat Bavarian as a distinct West Germanic language with its own grammar, lexicon, and phonology — speakers of Standard German typically cannot understand spoken Bavarian without exposure. Linguistically, Bavarian preserves archaic Middle High German features and has innovated unique features like the dual-pronoun "es/enk" (you-two). The language exists in a strong dialect continuum stretching from North Bavarian through Central (Middle) Bavarian (the Munich/Vienna prestige form) to South Bavarian (Tirol/Carinthia/South Tyrol). Despite vibrant numbers, UNESCO classifies it as vulnerable due to relentless Standard German pressure in education and media.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Bavarian

Water

Wåssa

/vɔsɐ/

Fire

Feia

/fɔɪɐ/

Sun

Sun

/sʊn/

Moon

Moo

/moː/

Star

Stern

/ʃtɛɐn/

Mother

Muada

/muɐdɐ/

Father

Voda

/foɐdɐ/

I

i

/i/

You

du

/du/

Name

Nam

/nãː/

Eye

Aug

/aʊɡ/

Hand

Hand

/hɔnd/

Heart

Heaz

/hɛɐts/

Love

Liab

/liɐb/

Tree

Bam

/bãm/

House

Haus

/haʊs/

Dog

Hund

/hʊnd/

Cat

Katz

/kʰats/

Eat

essn

/ɛsn̩/

Drink

dringa

/dɾɪŋɡɐ/

One

oans

/oɐns/

Two

zwoa

/tsvoɐ/

Hello

Servus

/sɛɐvʊs/

Thank you

Vagelts Gott

/fɐɡɛlts ɡɔt/

Good

guad

/ɡuɐd/

Cuckoo

Kuckuck

/ˈkʊkʊk/

Computer

Rechna

/ˈrɛçnɐ/

Sushi

Suschi

/ˈsuʃi/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Indo-European languages

Meaning BavarianEast FranconianGerman (Austrian)SwabianGerman (Luxembourgish)GermanPennsylvania German
Water Wåssa /vɔsɐ/ Wasser /vasːə/ Wasser /vasɐ/ Wasser /vasə/ Wasser /vasɐ/ Wasser /vasɐ/ Wasser /vasər/
Fire Feia /fɔɪɐ/ Feier /faɪɐ/ Feuer /fɔɪɐ/ Feuer /foiɐ/ Feuer /fɔɪ̯ɐ/ Feuer /fɔɪ̯ɐ/ Feier /faɪər/
Sun Sun /sʊn/ Sunn /sʊn/ Sonne /sɔnə/ Sonne /sonə/ Sonne /zɔnə/ Sonne /zɔnə/ Sunn /sʊn/
Moon Moo /moː/ Maa /maː/ Mond /moːnt/ Mond /moːnd/ Mond /moːnt/ Mond /moːnt/ Muun /muːn/
Star Stern /ʃtɛɐn/ Stern /ʃtɛrn/ Stern /ʃtɛʁn/ Schtern /ʃtɛrn/ Stern /ʃtɛʁn/ Stern /ʃtɛʁn/ Schteern /ʃteːrn/
Mother Muada /muɐdɐ/ Mudder /mʊdɐ/ Mutter /mʊtɐ/ Mädder /mɛdɐ/ Mutter /mʊtɐ/ Mutter /mʊtɐ/ Mudder /mʊdər/
Father Voda /foɐdɐ/ Vadder /fadɐ/ Vater /fɑːtɐ/ Vadder /fadɐ/ Vater /faːtɐ/ Vater /faːtɐ/ Daadi /daːdi/
I i /i/ i /i/ ich /ɪç/ i /i/ ich /ɪç/ ich /ɪç/ ich /ɪç/
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