Olkol
Kiolkol
Pama-Nyunga
Kiolkol ni lugha ya Pama-Nyungan ya Paman ya Kaskazini ya Rasi ya Cape York katika Queensland, Australia, dada wa Yir-Yoront na lugha nyingine za Paman za Cape York. Iko hatarini kubwa ya kutoweka huku ikibakia na wazungumzaji wazee wapatao ~50 tu wenye umahiri; jamii pana ya Olkol imehamia Kiingereza na Kiingereza cha Waaborijini (chenye athari ya Kriol). Nchi ya jadi ya Olkol inajumuisha vyanzo vya Mito ya Coen na Watson katika kaskazini mwa Cape York. Kiisimu, Kiolkol kinashiriki sifa za kawaida za Kipaman (konsonanti zinazoanguka mwanzoni, mfumo rahisi wa irabu, mpangilio wa kiergative-absolutive) na lugha dada za Paman ya Kaskazini, lakini chenye msamiati wa kipekee na sifa ndogo za kifonolojia. Utafiti wa kiisimu wa Rasi ya Cape York wa Sutton 1976 ndio uhifadhi wa msingi, ukiongezewa na rekodi za AIATSIS.
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 31 ya msingi katika Kiolkol
Maji
kupa
/kupa/
Moto
paral
/paɻal/
Jua
naŋkari
/naŋkaɻi/
Mwezi
kakal
/kakal/
Nyota
el idnban
/el ˈidnban/
Mama
ngangi
/ŋaŋi/
Baba
kaba
/kaba/
Mimi
ay
/aj/
Wewe
inag
/inaɡ/
Jina
ukal
/ukal/
Jicho
mil
/mil/
Mkono
mara
/maɻa/
Moyo
piku
/piku/
Upendo
kanyji
/kaɲɟi/
Mti
warray
/waɾaj/
Nyumba
mariŋ
/maɻiŋ/
Mbwa
kunpa
/kunpa/
Paka
paka
/paka/
Kula
ngarinya
/ŋaɻiɲa/
Kunywa
kupa nyaa
/kupa ɲaː/
Moja
kuyu
/kuju/
Mbili
uchir
/utʃir/
Habari
—
/—/
Asante
—
/—/
Nzuri
palya
/paʎa/
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Pama-Nyungan zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kiolkol | Kinhanda | Kiwarnman | Kimartu Wangka | Kingunnawal | Kiwarlpiri | Kiguugu yimithirr |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | kupa /kupa/ | kapi /kapi/ | kapi /kapi/ | kapi /kapi/ | kungal /kuŋal/ | ngapa /ŋapa/ | buurraay /buːraːj/ |
| Moto | paral /paɻal/ | warla /waɻla/ | waru /waɻu/ | waru /waɾu/ | warba /waɻba/ | warlu /waɭu/ | — /—/ |
| Jua | naŋkari /naŋkaɻi/ | wurʼa /wuɾʔa/ | tjirntu /cinʈu/ | tjirntu /cɪɳʈu/ | guma /ɡuma/ | wanta /wanta/ | ngalan /ŋalan/ |
| Mwezi | kakal /kakal/ | kanyala /kaɲala/ | kintirriny /kinʈiriɲ/ | kayalany /kajalaɲ/ | birrang /biɻaŋ/ | pira /piɻa/ | giitha /ɡiːt̪a/ |
| Nyota | el idnban /el ˈidnban/ | indiya /indija/ | biyi /biji/ | piriny /piriɲ/ | dyurra /ɟura/ | wanjirlpirri /waɲɟiɭpiri/ | biidhi /biːt̪i/ |
| Mama | ngangi /ŋaŋi/ | ngamaji /ŋamadʒi/ | ngama /ŋama/ | yakaji /jakaɟi/ | guni /ɡuni/ | ngati /ŋati/ | ngamu /ŋamu/ |
| Baba | kaba /kaba/ | kuthurra /kutʰuɻa/ | kirrki /kiɻki/ | mama /mama/ | pumba /pumba/ | kirda /kiɖa/ | biiba /biːba/ |
| Mimi | ay /aj/ | ngayi /ŋaji/ | ngayu /ŋaju/ | ngayu /ŋaju/ | ngaya /ŋaja/ | ngaju /ŋaɟu/ | ngayu /ŋaju/ |
| Wewe | inag /inaɡ/ | nyini /ɲini/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | ngindu /ŋindu/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | nyundu /ɲundu/ |
| Jina | ukal /ukal/ | yini /jini/ | yini /jini/ | yini /jini/ | yini /jini/ | yirdi /jiɖi/ | gadil /ˈkatil/ |
| Jicho | mil /mil/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | kuru /kuɾu/ | mil /mil/ | milpa /milpa/ | miil /miːl/ |
| Mkono | mara /maɻa/ | mara /maɻa/ | mara /maɻa/ | mara /maɾa/ | mara /maɻa/ | rdaka /ɖaka/ | mungal /muŋal/ |
| Moyo | piku /piku/ | pulpara /pulpaɻa/ | kurda /kuɖa/ | kurtu /kʊɻʈu/ | gauar /ɡauar/ | wankaru /waŋkaɻu/ | — /—/ |
| Upendo | kanyji /kaɲɟi/ | kanyji /kaɲdʒi/ | kanyji /kaɲɟi/ | mukulyu /mukuʎu/ | marmit /maɻmit/ | nyangu /ɲaŋu/ | — /—/ |
| Mti | warray /waɾaj/ | parntany /paɳʈaɲ/ | watiya /watija/ | watarrka /wataɻka/ | warabi /waɻabi/ | watiya /watija/ | yugu /juɡu/ |
| Nyumba | mariŋ /maɻiŋ/ | nhurra /ɳuɻa/ | ngurra /ŋuɻa/ | ngurra /ŋura/ | kuni /kuni/ | ngurra /ŋura/ | bayan /bajan/ |
| Mbwa | kunpa /kunpa/ | kuwiyarl /kuwijaɻl/ | walyamarra /waʎamaɻa/ | papa /papa/ | mirri /miɻi/ | jarntu /caɳʈu/ | gudaa /ɡudaː/ |
| Paka | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | ngarda /ŋaɖa/ | — /—/ | poosi /puːsi/ | mungalpa /muŋalpa/ | buthigan /but̪iɡan/ |
| Kula | ngarinya /ŋaɻiɲa/ | ngarna /ŋaɻna/ | ngarra /ŋaɻa/ | ngalku- /ŋalku/ | daring /daɻiŋ/ | ngarni /ŋaɳi/ | budal /budal/ |
| Kunywa | kupa nyaa /kupa ɲaː/ | nyuna /ɲuna/ | nyaa /ɲaː/ | tjiki- /cɪki/ | nyu /ɲu/ | purrami /purami/ | — /—/ |
| Moja | kuyu /kuju/ | kuyu /kuju/ | kuyu /kuju/ | kutjarra-wangu /kucara waŋu/ | guma /ɡuma/ | jinta /cinta/ | nubuun /nubuːn/ |
| Mbili | uchir /utʃir/ | wuthada /wut̪aɖa/ | kujarra /kuɟara/ | kujarra /kucara/ | bula /bula/ | jirrama /ɟiɾama/ | gudhirra /kut̪ira/ |
| Habari | — /—/ | — /—/ | palya /paʎa/ | — /—/ | yumalundi /jumalundi/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Asante | — /—/ | — /—/ | walytjarra /waʎcaɻa/ | — /—/ | miyamala /mijamala/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Nzuri | palya /paʎa/ | walykumarra /waʎkumaɻa/ | palya /paʎa/ | palya /paʎa/ | walunga /waluŋa/ | ngurrju /ŋurcu/ | awuun /awuːn/ |
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