Umbeyajts
Kihuave cha San Mateo del Mar
Lugha peke
Kihuave (kwa jina lake la asili Umbeyajts katika lahaja ya San Mateo del Mar, na pia Ombeayiüts katika lahaja ya San Dionisio) ni lugha pweke (isiyo na jamaa) inayozungumzwa na watu wapatao 12,000 katika manispaa nne ndogo za mfumo wa rasi za Pasifiki kwenye Isthmus ya Tehuantepec huko Oaxaca, Mexico. Licha ya zaidi ya karne moja ya kazi za kulinganisha, Kihuave bado hakiwezi kuainishwa katika familia yoyote kubwa zaidi — mapendekezo ya kuihusisha na Kiotomangue, Kimixe-Zoque, au Kimaya yote yameshindwa kupata makubaliano. Wahuave kwa jadi ni wavuvi na watengenezaji wa chumvi, wakiwa wameunganika kwa kina na mazingira ya rasi; mtazamo wao wa ulimwengu unaiweka rasi katikati kama kiumbe hai kitakatifu. Lahaja nne za Kihuave (San Mateo, San Dionisio, San Francisco, Santa María) zinaonyesha tofauti kubwa baada ya karne za kutengwa kwa kiasi. San Mateo del Mar, jamii kubwa zaidi yenye wasemaji wengi zaidi, ndiyo kitovu cha sehemu kubwa ya uandishi wa kiisimu.
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 31 ya msingi katika Kihuave cha San Mateo del Mar
Maji
nadam
/nadam/
Moto
mbas
/mbas/
Jua
nüt
/nɨt/
Mwezi
kawak
/kawak/
Nyota
nüzot
/nɯsot/
Mama
mim
/mim/
Baba
tat
/tat/
Mimi
xike
/ʃike/
Wewe
ikooch
/ikoːtʃ/
Jina
narangan
/naɾaŋgan/
Jicho
nawi
/nawi/
Mkono
witsam
/witsam/
Moyo
naxey
/naʃej/
Upendo
amongoch
/amoŋotʃ/
Mti
neel
/neːl/
Nyumba
nej
/neh/
Mbwa
pet
/pet/
Paka
mixt
/miʃt/
Kula
atsaj
/atsah/
Kunywa
amix
/amiʃ/
Moja
nop
/nop/
Mbili
ijpx
/ihpʃ/
Habari
ngwene
/ŋwene/
Asante
mongoy
/moŋoj/
Nzuri
nasaj
/nasah/
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Language isolate zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kihuave cha San Mateo del Mar | Kiitza | Kiamis | Kikanjobal | Kisakizaya | Kimaya cha Yucatec | Kindonga |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | nadam /nadam/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | nanom /nanom/ | haʼ /haʔ/ | nanum /nanum/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | omeya /omeja/ |
| Moto | mbas /mbas/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | namal /namal/ | qʼaʼ /qʼaʔ/ | lamal /lamal/ | kʼáakʼ /kʼaːkʼ/ | omulilo /omulilo/ |
| Jua | nüt /nɨt/ | kʼin /kʼin/ | cidal /tsiðal/ | kʼuʼ /kʼuʔ/ | cidal /tʃidal/ | kʼiin /kʼiːn/ | etango /etaŋɡo/ |
| Mwezi | kawak /kawak/ | uj /uh/ | folad /folað/ | ixaw /iʃaw/ | bulad /bulad/ | uj /uh/ | omwedhi /omweði/ |
| Nyota | nüzot /nɯsot/ | ekʼ /ekʼ/ | fo'is /foʔis/ | txʼumel /tʂʼumel/ | bo'is /boʔis/ | eekʼ /eːkʼ/ | onyofi /oɲofi/ |
| Mama | mim /mim/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | ina /ina/ | mim /mim/ | ina /ina/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | meme /meme/ |
| Baba | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | ama /ama/ | mam /mam/ | ama /ama/ | taata /taːta/ | tate /tate/ |
| Mimi | xike /ʃike/ | ten /ten/ | kako /kako/ | ayin /ʔajin/ | zaku /ʐaku/ | teen /teːn/ | ame /ame/ |
| Wewe | ikooch /ikoːtʃ/ | tech /tetʃ/ | kiso /kiso/ | hach /hatʃ/ | kisu /kisu/ | teech /teːtʃ/ | ngoye /ŋoje/ |
| Jina | narangan /naɾaŋgan/ | kʼabaʼ /kʼaɓaʔ/ | ngangan /ŋaŋan/ | bʼi /ɓi/ | ngangan /ŋaŋan/ | kʼaabaʼ /kʼaːɓaʔ/ | edhina /eðina/ |
| Jicho | nawi /nawi/ | ich /itʃ/ | mata /mata/ | sat /sat/ | mata /mata/ | ich /itʃ/ | eho /eho/ |
| Mkono | witsam /witsam/ | kʼab /kʼab/ | kamay /kamaj/ | qʼab /qʼab/ | kamay /kamai/ | kʼabʼ /kʼaɓ/ | oshikaha /oʃikaha/ |
| Moyo | naxey /naʃej/ | pukʼsikʼal /pukʼsikʼal/ | faloko' /falokoʔ/ | kʼulul /kʼulul/ | gawang /ɡawaŋ/ | puksiʼikʼal /puksiʔikʼal/ | omutima /omutima/ |
| Upendo | amongoch /amoŋotʃ/ | yakunti /jakunti/ | maolah /maolah/ | kamkʼulal /kamkʼulal/ | maolah /maolah/ | yaakuntej /jaːkunteh/ | ohole /ohole/ |
| Mti | neel /neːl/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | kilang /kilaŋ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | kilang /kilaŋ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | omuti /omuti/ |
| Nyumba | nej /neh/ | nah /nah/ | loma' /lomaʔ/ | na /na/ | luma /luma/ | naj /nah/ | egumbo /eɡumbo/ |
| Mbwa | pet /pet/ | pekʼ /pekʼ/ | wacu /watsu/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | waco /watʃo/ | peekʼ /peːkʼ/ | ombwa /ombwa/ |
| Paka | mixt /miʃt/ | mis /mis/ | posi /posi/ | mes /mes/ | posi /posi/ | miis /miːs/ | okashima /okaʃima/ |
| Kula | atsaj /atsah/ | jant /hant/ | komaen /komaən/ | lo /lo/ | hekal /hekal/ | jaant /haːnt/ | lya /ʎa/ |
| Kunywa | amix /amiʃ/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | minom /minom/ | uku /uku/ | mihecak /mihetʃak/ | ukʼul /ukʼul/ | nwa /nwa/ |
| Moja | nop /nop/ | jun /hun/ | cecay /tsetsaj/ | jun /hun/ | cacay /tʃatʃai/ | jun /hun/ | -mwe /mwe/ |
| Mbili | ijpx /ihpʃ/ | kaʼ /kaʔ/ | tosa /tosaʔ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | tusa /tusa/ | kaʼ /kaʔ/ | vali /vali/ |
| Habari | ngwene /ŋwene/ | bʼix a tʼan /biʃ a tʼan/ | nga'ay ho /ŋaʔaj ho/ | kawal /kawal/ | marayas /maɾajas/ | baʼax ka waʼalik /baʔaʃ ka waʔalik/ | wa lalapo /wa lalapo/ |
| Asante | mongoy /moŋoj/ | dios bʼotik /dios botik/ | aray /araj/ | yuhwal /juhwal/ | lalumahan /lalumahan/ | dios boʼotik /dios boʔotik/ | tangi /taŋɡi/ |
| Nzuri | nasaj /nasah/ | malobʼ /malob/ | kapah /kapah/ | watxʼ /watʃʼ/ | kapah /kapah/ | maʼalob /maʔalob/ | -nawa /nawa/ |
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