Mihaq
Kikusunda
Language isolate
Kusunda (Mihaq, गिलंगदेइ) is a critically endangered language isolate of mid-western Nepal, traditionally spoken by the formerly nomadic Kusunda hunter-gatherer community of the Mahabharat foothills (Dang, Surkhet, Pyuthan, Tanahu districts). The last fully fluent L1 speaker, Gyani Maiya Sen, died in 2020 (her sister Kamala Khatri died 2024); ~3 partial speakers remain. Documented by Hodgson in 1857 and decisively as an isolate by David Watters (Notes on Kusunda Grammar, 2006). Tribhuvan University and the Language Commission of Nepal currently run revitalization classes in Dang for several Kusunda youth.
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 20 ya msingi katika Kikusunda
Maji
tang
/tɑŋ/
Moto
yu
/ju/
Jua
nəm
/nəm/
Mwezi
pom
/pom/
Mama
—
/—/
Baba
ama
/ama/
Kula
təim
/təim/
Kunywa
—
/—/
Upendo
—
/—/
Moyo
—
/—/
Mti
cigi
/t͡siɡi/
Nyumba
gepa
/ɡepa/
Mbwa
agəi
/aɡəi/
Paka
—
/—/
Mkono
gisi
/ɡisi/
Jicho
gam
/ɡam/
Habari
—
/—/
Asante
—
/—/
Moja
nu
/nu/
Nzuri
—
/—/
Vyanzo
- Watters (2006) Notes on Kusunda Grammar
- Glottolog: kusu1250
- Ethnologue: kgg
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Language isolate zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kikusunda | Kineko | Kikorea cha Goryeo | Kimesapi | Kipyu | Kigoguryeo | Lugha ya Ishara ya Nikaragua |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | tang /tɑŋ/ | wai /wai/ | 沒 /*mwol/ | — /—/ | ʔuy /uj/ | 買 /*mai/ | — /—/ |
| Moto | yu /ju/ | titɛ /titɛ/ | 孛 /*pwol/ | — /—/ | vyaŋ /wjaŋ/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Jua | nəm /nəm/ | aatʌ /aːtʌ/ | 姮 /*hai/ | — /—/ | ño /ɲo/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Mwezi | pom /pom/ | — /—/ | 突 /*twol/ | — /—/ | hla /hla/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Mama | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | na /na/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Baba | ama /ama/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | ana /ˈana/ | paʔ /paʔ/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Kula | təim /təim/ | nei /nei/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | cyaʔ /tɕaʔ/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Kunywa | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Upendo | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Moyo | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Mti | cigi /t͡siɡi/ | tei /tei/ | 南記 /*namki/ | — /—/ | siŋ /siŋ/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Nyumba | gepa /ɡepa/ | — /—/ | 集 /*tɕip/ | — /—/ | vaiŋ /waiŋ/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Mbwa | agəi /aɡəi/ | gonʌ /ɡonʌ/ | 家稀 /*kahi/ | — /—/ | kwiy /kwij/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Paka | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Mkono | gisi /ɡisi/ | — /—/ | 遜 /*swon/ | — /—/ | lak /lak/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Jicho | gam /ɡam/ | ta /ta/ | 嫩 /*nwun/ | — /—/ | mik /mik/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Habari | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Asante | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Moja | nu /nu/ | — /—/ | 河屯 /*hatwun/ | — /—/ | te /te/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Nzuri | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
Sehemu ya LangMap — mradi wa kuonyesha lugha kwa picha. Huu ni muhtasari tuli unaoweza kutambaliwa; ramani shirikishi hutoa sauti ya matamshi, vichujio, na mwonekano wa dunia.