Ga

Niger-Congo

FamilyNiger-Congo Speakers~750K ScriptLatin CountriesGhana Official inNo (English is the official language of Ghana; Ga is one of the government-sponsored languages) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3gaa

Ga (autonymously Gã) is a Kwa language of the Niger-Congo family, spoken by around 750,000 people primarily in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana, where Ga is one of the most prominent urban languages alongside Twi/Akan and English. The Ga people are the traditional inhabitants of Accra (the Ga capital city Nkran) and the surrounding coastal plain east to the Volta River. Linguistically, Ga is closely related to Adangme (ada) — the two form the Ga-Adangme branch of Kwa — and more distantly related to other major Ghanaian languages like Twi/Akan (ak), Ewe (ee), and Dagbani. Ga has been a language of urban modernity in Accra since the 19th century Basel Mission established Ga-language schools, with significant Ga-language press and radio. The annual Ga harvest festival of Homowo (early August) is one of the most prominent cultural events in Ghana.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Ga

Water

nu

/nu/

Fire

la

/la/

Sun

hulu

/hulu/

Moon

ŋɔɔŋmɔ

/ŋɔɔŋmɔ/

Star

ŋulami

/ŋùlámi/

Mother

nyɛ

/ɲɛ/

Father

tsɛ

/tsɛ/

I

mi

/mì/

You

bo

/bo/

Name

gbɛi

/gbɛ́i/

Eye

hiŋmɛi

/hiŋmɛi/

Hand

nine

/nine/

Heart

tsui

/tsui/

Love

suɔmɔ

/suɔmɔ/

Tree

tso

/tso/

House

shia

/ʃia/

Dog

gbei

/ɡbei/

Cat

adi

/adi/

Eat

/jɛ/

Drink

nu

/nu/

One

ekome

/ekome/

Two

enyɔ

/eɲɔ/

Hello

ɔ jɔ

/ɔ jɔ/

Thank you

oyiwala

/ojiwala/

Good

ekpakpa

/ekpakpa/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Niger-Congo languages

Meaning GaAdangmeAjaEwondoDegemaNzimaMano
Water nu /nu/ nyu /ɲu/ esi /esi/ medzim /medzim/ mọn /mɔn/ nzule /nzule/ yi /ji/
Fire la /la/ la /la/ ezo /ezo/ ndoa /ndoa/ ọmạrị /ɔmaɾi/ sinya /sinja/ /kɔ/
Sun hulu /hulu/ hyɛ /çɛ/ ewe /ewe/ dzōb /dʒoːb/ ọvịnị /ɔvini/ ewia /ewia/ /lɛ/
Moon ŋɔɔŋmɔ /ŋɔɔŋmɔ/ nyɔnyɔɛ /ɲɔɲɔɛ/ esun /esun/ ngɔn /ŋɡɔn/ ọsọ /ɔsɔ/ siane /sjane/ /lɔ/
Star ŋulami /ŋùlámi/ ŋulami /ŋulami/ ɣletivi /ɣletivi/ ôtɛtɛ /ótɛtɛ/ esi /esi/ nzonlenle /nzɔnlɛnlɛ/ sĩ̄ã́ŋēlè /sĩ̄ã́ŋēlè/
Mother nyɛ /ɲɛ/ nyɛ /ɲɛ/ /nɔ/ nyia /ɲia/ inyeyẹ /iɲɛjɛ/ enwo /enwo/ ɲɛ /ɲɛ/
Father tsɛ /tsɛ/ tsɛ /tsɛ/ to /to/ tara /taɾa/ etete /etete/ papa /papa/ de /de/
I mi /mì/ i /i/ nyɛ /ɲɛ/ ma /má/ mẹ /mɛ/ me /mè/ /ma˧/
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