Ga

Niger-Congo

FamilyNiger-Congo Speakers~750K ScriptLatin CountriesGhana Official inGhana Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3gaa

Ga (autonymously Gã) is a Kwa language of the Niger-Congo family, spoken by around 750,000 people primarily in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana, where Ga is one of the most prominent urban languages alongside Twi/Akan and English. The Ga people are the traditional inhabitants of Accra (the Ga capital city Nkran) and the surrounding coastal plain east to the Volta River. Linguistically, Ga is closely related to Adangme (ada) — the two form the Ga-Adangme branch of Kwa — and more distantly related to other major Ghanaian languages like Twi/Akan (ak), Ewe (ee), and Dagbani. Ga has been a language of urban modernity in Accra since the 19th century Basel Mission established Ga-language schools, with significant Ga-language press and radio. The annual Ga harvest festival of Homowo (early August) is one of the most prominent cultural events in Ghana.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Ga

Water

nu

/nu/

Fire

la

/la/

Sun

hulu

/hulu/

Moon

ŋɔɔŋmɔ

/ŋɔɔŋmɔ/

Mother

nyɛ

/ɲɛ/

Father

tsɛ

/tsɛ/

Eat

/jɛ/

Drink

nu

/nu/

Love

suɔmɔ

/suɔmɔ/

Heart

tsui

/tsui/

Tree

tso

/tso/

House

shia

/ʃia/

Dog

gbei

/ɡbei/

Cat

adi

/adi/

Hand

nine

/nine/

Eye

hiŋmɛi

/hiŋmɛi/

Hello

ɔ jɔ

/ɔ jɔ/

Thank you

oyiwala

/ojiwala/

One

ekome

/ekome/

Good

ekpakpa

/ekpakpa/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Niger-Congo languages

Meaning GaAdangmeAjaEwondoAkan (Twi)FangMano
Water nu /nu/ nyu /ɲu/ esi /esi/ medzim /medzim/ nsuo /nsuo/ mendim /mendim/ yi /ji/
Fire la /la/ la /la/ ezo /ezo/ ndoa /ndoa/ ogya /odʑa/ ndoa /ndoa/ /kɔ/
Sun hulu /hulu/ hyɛ /çɛ/ eŋke /eŋke/ dzōb /dʒoːb/ owia /owia/ zòp /zop/ /lɛ/
Moon ŋɔɔŋmɔ /ŋɔɔŋmɔ/ nyɔnyɔɛ /ɲɔɲɔɛ/ esun /esun/ ngɔn /ŋɡɔn/ ɔsrane /ɔsrane/ ngɔn /ŋɡɔn/ /lɔ/
Mother nyɛ /ɲɛ/ nyɛ /ɲɛ/ /nɔ/ nyia /ɲia/ ɛna /ɛna/ nyia /ɲia/ ɲɛ /ɲɛ/
Father tsɛ /tsɛ/ tsɛ /tsɛ/ to /to/ tara /taɾa/ agya /adʑa/ tara /tara/ de /de/
Eat /jɛ/ ye /je/ ɖu /ɖu/ di /di/ didi /didi/ di /di/ /mɛ/
Drink nu /nu/ nu /nu/ nu /nu/ nyu /ɲu/ nom /nom/ nyu /ɲu/ mi /mi/
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