Lubukusu

Bukusu

Niger-Congo

FamilyNiger-Congo Speakers~750K-1.4M (Bungoma & Trans-Nzoia counties) ScriptLatin CountriesKenya Official inKenya Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3bxk

Bukusu (Lubukusu) is a Bantu language of the Luhya cluster (Glottolog JE31c), spoken by approximately 750,000 to 1.4 million people in Bungoma and Trans-Nzoia counties of western Kenya. The Bukusu community is the largest of the ~17 Luhya subgroups, distinguishing themselves through circumcision rites (sikhebo), warrior traditions, and Mt Elgon mythology shared with sister-language Masaaba (myx) across the Uganda border. Linguistically, Bukusu retains conservative Bantu features (15-18 noun classes, complex verbal morphology with tense-aspect-mood, two-tone register system), with Mutonyi (2000) providing the most comprehensive modern linguistic description. The Bible was translated into Bukusu in the 1960s, and there is active community publishing in folktales and proverbs.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Bukusu

Water

kamatsi

/kamatsi/

Fire

kamulilo

/kamulilo/

Sun

liuba

/liuba/

Moon

kumwesi

/kumwesi/

Mother

mayi

/maji/

Father

papa

/papa/

Eat

khulya

/kʰuʎa/

Drink

khunywa

/kʰuɲwa/

Love

busiani

/busiani/

Heart

kumwoyo

/kumwojo/

Tree

kumusaala

/kumusaːla/

House

enju

/endʒu/

Dog

imbwa

/imbwa/

Cat

enyawu

/eɲawu/

Hand

kumukhono

/kumukʰono/

Eye

liiso

/liːso/

Hello

mulembe

/mulembe/

Thank you

orio

/orio/

One

ndala

/ndala/

Good

kalayi

/kalaji/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Niger-Congo languages

Meaning BukusuLuhyaMasaabaSogaRunyankoleNyaturuTooro
Water kamatsi /kamatsi/ amatsi /amatsi/ kamaatsi /kamaːtsi/ amaaji /amaːdʒi/ amaizi /amaizi/ maazi /maːzi/ amaizi /amaizi/
Fire kamulilo /kamulilo/ omuliro /omuliro/ kamulilo /kamulilo/ omuliro /omuliɾo/ omuriro /omuriro/ moto /moto/ omuriro /omuriro/
Sun liuba /liuba/ liuba /liuba/ suuba /suːba/ enjuba /eɲɟuba/ izooba /izoːba/ nzua /nzua/ eizooba /eizoːba/
Moon kumwesi /kumwesi/ omwesi /omwesi/ umweesi /umweːsi/ omwezi /omwezi/ omwezi /omwezi/ umweri /umweɾi/ omwezi /omwezi/
Mother mayi /maji/ mayi /maji/ mayi /maji/ maama /maːma/ maawe /maːwe/ mama /mama/ nyinya /ɲiɲa/
Father papa /papa/ papa /papa/ papa /papa/ taata /taːta/ tata /tata/ tata /tata/ isho /iʃo/
Eat khulya /kʰuʎa/ khulia /kʰulia/ khulya /kʰuʎa/ kulya /kulja/ kurya /kurja/ kuria /kuɾia/ kulya /kulja/
Drink khunywa /kʰuɲwa/ khunywa /kʰuɲwa/ khunywa /kʰuɲwa/ kunywa /kuɲʷa/ kunywa /kuɲwa/ kunywa /kuɲwa/ kunywa /kuɲwa/
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