Lubukusu

Bukusu

Niger-Congo

FamilyNiger-Congo Speakers~0.75–1.4M (Bungoma & Trans-Nzoia counties) ScriptLatin CountriesKenya Official inNo (Swahili and English are the official languages of Kenya) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3bxk

Bukusu (Lubukusu) is a Bantu language of the Luhya cluster (Glottolog JE31c), spoken by approximately 750,000 to 1.4 million people in Bungoma and Trans-Nzoia counties of western Kenya. The Bukusu community is the largest of the ~17 Luhya subgroups, distinguishing themselves through circumcision rites (sikhebo), warrior traditions, and Mt Elgon mythology shared with sister-language Masaaba (myx) across the Uganda border. Linguistically, Bukusu retains conservative Bantu features (15-18 noun classes, complex verbal morphology with tense-aspect-mood, two-tone register system), with Mutonyi (2000) providing the most comprehensive modern linguistic description. The Bible was translated into Bukusu in the 1960s, and there is active community publishing in folktales and proverbs.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Bukusu

Water

kamatsi

/kamatsi/

Fire

kamulilo

/kamulilo/

Sun

liuba

/liuba/

Moon

kumwesi

/kumwesi/

Star

kumunyeenye

/kumuɲeːɲe/

Mother

mayi

/maji/

Father

papa

/papa/

I

ese

/ese/

You

ewe

/ewe/

Name

lisina

/lisiːna/

Eye

liiso

/liːso/

Hand

kumukhono

/kumukʰono/

Heart

kumwoyo

/kumwojo/

Love

busiani

/busiani/

Tree

kumusaala

/kumusaːla/

House

enju

/endʒu/

Dog

imbwa

/imbwa/

Cat

enyawu

/eɲawu/

Eat

khulya

/kʰuʎa/

Drink

khunywa

/kʰuɲwa/

One

ndala

/ndala/

Two

babili

/βaβili/

Hello

mulembe

/mulembe/

Thank you

orio

/orio/

Good

kalayi

/kalaji/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Niger-Congo languages

Meaning BukusuMasaabaLuhyaRunyankoleSogaNyaturuChiga
Water kamatsi /kamatsi/ kamaatsi /kamaːtsi/ amatsi /amatsi/ amaizi /amaizi/ amaaji /amaːdʒi/ maazi /maːzi/ amaizi /amaizi/
Fire kamulilo /kamulilo/ kamulilo /kamulilo/ omuliro /omuliro/ omuriro /omuriro/ omuliro /omuliɾo/ moto /moto/ omuriro /omuriro/
Sun liuba /liuba/ suuba /suːba/ liuba /liuba/ izooba /izoːba/ enjuba /eɲɟuba/ nzua /nzua/ eizooba /eizoːba/
Moon kumwesi /kumwesi/ umweesi /umweːsi/ omwesi /omwesi/ omwezi /omwezi/ omwezi /omwezi/ umweri /umweɾi/ omwezi /omwezi/
Star kumunyeenye /kumuɲeːɲe/ kumunyeenye /kumuɲeːɲe/ eng'ining'ini /eŋiniŋini/ enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ emunyeenye /emuɲeːɲe/ nyeenyeeri /ɲeːɲeːri/ enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/
Mother mayi /maji/ mayi /maji/ mayi /maji/ maawe /maːwe/ maama /maːma/ mama /mama/ nyina /ɲina/
Father papa /papa/ papa /papa/ papa /papa/ tata /tata/ taata /taːta/ tata /tata/ ishe /iʃe/
I ese /ese/ ise /ise/ ese /ese/ nyowe /ɲowe/ nze /nze/ une /une/ nyowe /ɲowe/
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