Ajagbe

Aja

Niger-Congo

FamilyNiger-Congo Speakers~600K ScriptLatin CountriesBenin Official inNo (French is the official language of Benin; Aja is a recognized national language) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3aja

Aja (autonymously Ajagbe) is a Gbe language of the Niger-Congo family, spoken by around 600,000 people in southwestern Benin and adjacent eastern Togo. The Aja are historically the "ancestral" Gbe people from whom the Fon (Dahomey) and Ewe (Ghana/Togo) migrated southward in the 17th century — Aja is therefore considered closer to the original Proto-Gbe homeland than the more southerly Fon and Ewe varieties. The Aja Kingdom of Tado was a major precolonial state in the Gulf of Benin region. Linguistically, Aja is part of the Gbe dialect continuum with Ewe (ee) and Fon (fon), with significant mutual intelligibility for closely related dialects but a distinct identity. The 17th-century Allada and Dahomey kingdoms have Aja roots even though their dynastic language eventually shifted to Fon.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Aja

Water

esi

/esi/

Fire

ezo

/ezo/

Sun

ewe

/ewe/

Moon

esun

/esun/

Star

ɣletivi

/ɣletivi/

Mother

/nɔ/

Father

to

/to/

I

nyɛ

/ɲɛ/

You

wo

/wo/

Name

nyikɔ

/ɲikɔ/

Eye

ŋku

/ŋku/

Hand

alɔ

/alɔ/

Heart

dzi

/dzi/

Love

lɔ̃

/lɔ̃/

Tree

ati

/ati/

House

avia

/avia/

Dog

avu

/avu/

Cat

ami

/ami/

Eat

ɖu

/ɖu/

Drink

nu

/nu/

One

ɖeka

/ɖeka/

Two

eve

/eve/

Hello

nɛnɛ

/nɛnɛ/

Thank you

amɛ akpe

/amɛ akpe/

Good

nyo

/ɲo/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Niger-Congo languages

Meaning AjaGen (Mina)EweFonAdangmeGaDegema
Water esi /esi/ tsi /tsi/ tsi /tsi/ sin /sĩ/ nyu /ɲu/ nu /nu/ mọn /mɔn/
Fire ezo /ezo/ dzo /dzo/ dzo /dzo/ zo /zo/ la /la/ la /la/ ọmạrị /ɔmaɾi/
Sun ewe /ewe/ ɣe /ɣe/ ɣe /ɣe/ hwe /ɦʷe/ hyɛ /çɛ/ hulu /hulu/ ọvịnị /ɔvini/
Moon esun /esun/ dzinkɛ /dʒinkɛ/ ɣleti /ɣleti/ sun /sũ/ nyɔnyɔɛ /ɲɔɲɔɛ/ ŋɔɔŋmɔ /ŋɔɔŋmɔ/ ọsọ /ɔsɔ/
Star ɣletivi /ɣletivi/ ɣletsivi /ɣletsivi/ ɣletivi /ɣletivi/ sunví /sṹví/ ŋulami /ŋulami/ ŋulami /ŋùlámi/ esi /esi/
Mother /nɔ/ /nɔ/ dada /dada/ /nɔ/ nyɛ /ɲɛ/ nyɛ /ɲɛ/ inyeyẹ /iɲɛjɛ/
Father to /to/ /tɔ/ fofo /fofo/ /tɔ/ tsɛ /tsɛ/ tsɛ /tsɛ/ etete /etete/
I nyɛ /ɲɛ/ nyɛ /ɲɛ/ nye /ɲɛ/ nyɛ /ɲɛ̀/ i /i/ mi /mì/ mẹ /mɛ/
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