Ajagbe

Aja

Niger-Congo

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Aja (autonymously Ajagbe) is a Gbe language of the Niger-Congo family, spoken by around 600,000 people in southwestern Benin and adjacent eastern Togo. The Aja are historically the "ancestral" Gbe people from whom the Fon (Dahomey) and Ewe (Ghana/Togo) migrated southward in the 17th century — Aja is therefore considered closer to the original Proto-Gbe homeland than the more southerly Fon and Ewe varieties. The Aja Kingdom of Tado was a major precolonial state in the Gulf of Benin region. Linguistically, Aja is part of the Gbe dialect continuum with Ewe (ee) and Fon (fon), with significant mutual intelligibility for closely related dialects but a distinct identity. The 17th-century Allada and Dahomey kingdoms have Aja roots even though their dynastic language eventually shifted to Fon.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Aja

Water

esi

/esi/

Fire

ezo

/ezo/

Sun

eŋke

/eŋke/

Moon

esun

/esun/

Mother

/nɔ/

Father

to

/to/

Eat

ɖu

/ɖu/

Drink

nu

/nu/

Love

lɔ̃

/lɔ̃/

Heart

dzi

/dzi/

Tree

ati

/ati/

House

avia

/avia/

Dog

avu

/avu/

Cat

ami

/ami/

Hand

alɔ

/alɔ/

Eye

ŋku

/ŋku/

Hello

nɛnɛ

/nɛnɛ/

Thank you

amɛ akpe

/amɛ akpe/

One

ɖeka

/ɖeka/

Good

nyo

/ɲo/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Niger-Congo languages

Meaning AjaGen (Mina)EweFonMussau-EmiraFangGa
Water esi /esi/ tsi /tsi/ tsi /tsi/ sin /sĩ/ eai /eai/ mendim /mendim/ nu /nu/
Fire ezo /ezo/ dzo /dzo/ dzo /dzo/ zo /zo/ kapok /kapok/ ndoa /ndoa/ la /la/
Sun eŋke /eŋke/ ɣe /ɣe/ ɣe /ɣe/ hwe /ɦʷe/ ariu /aɾiu/ zòp /zop/ hulu /hulu/
Moon esun /esun/ dzinkɛ /dʒinkɛ/ ɣleti /ɣleti/ sun /sũ/ malam /malam/ ngɔn /ŋɡɔn/ ŋɔɔŋmɔ /ŋɔɔŋmɔ/
Mother /nɔ/ /nɔ/ dada /dada/ /nɔ/ nia /nia/ nyia /ɲia/ nyɛ /ɲɛ/
Father to /to/ /tɔ/ fofo /fofo/ /tɔ/ tama /tama/ tara /tara/ tsɛ /tsɛ/
Eat ɖu /ɖu/ ɖu /ɖu/ ɖu /ɖu/ ɖu /ɖu/ anu /anu/ di /di/ /jɛ/
Drink nu /nu/ no /no/ no /no/ nu /nu/ inum /inum/ nyu /ɲu/ nu /nu/
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