Dangme

Adangme

Atlantic-Congo (Volta-Niger, Kwa, Ga-Adangme)

FamilyAtlantic-Congo (Volta-Niger, Kwa, Ga-Adangme) Speakers~1M ScriptLatin (with ɛ ɔ ŋ for /ɛ ɔ ŋ/, and palatalisation diacritics) CountriesGhana Official inGhana (one of 11 government-sponsored languages) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3ada

Adangme (Dangme) is the language of the Adangme people of southeastern Ghana, comprising several closely related varieties (Ada, Krobo, Osudoku, Shai, Ningo, Gbugbla). Sister to Ga (gaa) within the Ga-Adangme branch of Niger-Congo Kwa. The Adangme have a rich oral tradition and are famous for the Dipo female puberty rites still actively practiced today. Tonal with two contrastive registers; ATR vowel harmony and prefix-based aspect marking. Government-sponsored as one of 11 national languages with literacy programs and BBC/GBC broadcasting.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Adangme

Water

nyu

/ɲu/

Fire

la

/la/

Sun

hyɛ

/çɛ/

Moon

nyɔnyɔɛ

/ɲɔɲɔɛ/

Star

ŋulami

/ŋulami/

Mother

nyɛ

/ɲɛ/

Father

tsɛ

/tsɛ/

I

i

/i/

You

mo

/mo/

Name

biɛ

/biɛ/

Eye

hiŋmɛ

/hiŋmɛ/

Hand

nine

/nine/

Heart

tsui

/tsui/

Love

suɔmi

/suɔmi/

Tree

tso

/tso/

House

we

/we/

Dog

gbe

/ɡbe/

Cat

adi

/adi/

Eat

ye

/je/

Drink

nu

/nu/

One

kake

/kake/

Two

enyɔ

/eɲɔ/

Hello

daa

/daː/

Thank you

ojakuɛ

/odʒakwɛ/

Good

hɛŋmi

/hɛŋmi/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Atlantic-Congo (Volta-Niger, Kwa, Ga-Adangme) languages

Meaning AdangmeGaAjaSangoGen (Mina)DegemaIsoko
Water nyu /ɲu/ nu /nu/ esi /esi/ ngu /ŋɡu/ tsi /tsi/ mọn /mɔn/ ame /ame/
Fire la /la/ la /la/ ezo /ezo/ wa /wa/ dzo /dzo/ ọmạrị /ɔmaɾi/ erae /eɾae/
Sun hyɛ /çɛ/ hulu /hulu/ ewe /ewe/ /la/ ɣe /ɣe/ ọvịnị /ɔvini/ ọvẹ /ɔvɛ/
Moon nyɔnyɔɛ /ɲɔɲɔɛ/ ŋɔɔŋmɔ /ŋɔɔŋmɔ/ esun /esun/ nzë /nzɛ/ dzinkɛ /dʒinkɛ/ ọsọ /ɔsɔ/ ọwa /ɔwa/
Star ŋulami /ŋulami/ ŋulami /ŋùlámi/ ɣletivi /ɣletivi/ tongoro /toŋɡoro/ ɣletsivi /ɣletsivi/ esi /esi/ esi /esi/
Mother nyɛ /ɲɛ/ nyɛ /ɲɛ/ /nɔ/ mama /mama/ /nɔ/ inyeyẹ /iɲɛjɛ/ oni /oni/
Father tsɛ /tsɛ/ tsɛ /tsɛ/ to /to/ babâ /baba/ /tɔ/ etete /etete/ ọsẹ /ɔsɛ/
I i /i/ mi /mì/ nyɛ /ɲɛ/ mbi /mbi/ nyɛ /ɲɛ/ mẹ /mɛ/ mẹ /mɛ/
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