Eʋegbe

Ewe

Niger-Congo (Kwa, Gbe)

FamilyNiger-Congo (Kwa, Gbe) Speakers~7M ScriptLatin (with ƒ ɔ ɖ ɛ ɣ ŋ ʋ) CountriesGhana, Togo Official inTogo (recognized national) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3ewe

Ewe (Eʋegbe) is a tonal language of southeastern Ghana and southern Togo, with ~7.4M speakers. Belongs to the Gbe branch of Niger-Congo, closely related to Fon and Aja. Major Ewe contributions to West African religion include the Vodun belief system (origin of Caribbean Vodou). Phonologically interesting: contrasts bilabial /f v/ with labiodental /ɸ β/, and uses 7 oral and 5 nasalised vowels. Standardized Latin orthography developed in 1853 by Bremen Mission with diacritics (ɖ ɛ ƒ ɣ ŋ ɔ ʋ).

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Ewe

Water

tsi

/tsi/

Fire

dzo

/dzo/

Sun

ɣe

/ɣe/

Moon

ɣleti

/ɣleti/

Mother

dada

/dada/

Father

fofo

/fofo/

Eat

ɖu

/ɖu/

Drink

no

/no/

Love

lɔ̃lɔ̃

/lɔ̃lɔ̃/

Heart

dzi

/dzi/

Tree

ati

/ati/

House

aƒe

/aɸe/

Dog

avu

/avu/

Cat

dadi

/dadi/

Hand

asi

/asi/

Eye

ŋku

/ŋku/

Hello

ŋdi

/ŋdi/

Thank you

akpe

/akpe/

One

ɖeka

/ɖeka/

Good

nyo

/ɲo/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Niger-Congo (Kwa, Gbe) languages

Meaning EweGen (Mina)AjaFonSan Blas KunaMiddle JapaneseMussau-Emira
Water tsi /tsi/ tsi /tsi/ esi /esi/ sin /sĩ/ di /di/ /midu/ eai /eai/
Fire dzo /dzo/ dzo /dzo/ ezo /ezo/ zo /zo/ so /so/ /ɸi/ kapok /kapok/
Sun ɣe /ɣe/ ɣe /ɣe/ eŋke /eŋke/ hwe /ɦʷe/ olo /olo/ /ɸi/ ariu /aɾiu/
Moon ɣleti /ɣleti/ dzinkɛ /dʒinkɛ/ esun /esun/ sun /sũ/ nii /niː/ /tuki/ malam /malam/
Mother dada /dada/ /nɔ/ /nɔ/ /nɔ/ nan /nan/ /ɸaɸa/ nia /nia/
Father fofo /fofo/ /tɔ/ to /to/ /tɔ/ baba /baba/ /titi/ tama /tama/
Eat ɖu /ɖu/ ɖu /ɖu/ ɖu /ɖu/ ɖu /ɖu/ gunne /ɡune/ 食ふ /kuɸu/ anu /anu/
Drink no /no/ no /no/ nu /nu/ nu /nu/ gobe /ɡobe/ 飲む /nomu/ inum /inum/
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