English (Estuary)

Kiingereza (Estuary)

Kihindi-Ulaya (Magharibi Kijerumani, Kiingereza)

FamiliaKihindi-Ulaya (Magharibi Kijerumani, Kiingereza) Wasemaji~10M (KsM Uingereza) HatiKilatini NchiUfalme wa Muungano (Uingereza — Kusini-Mashariki, mlango wa mto Thames) Lugha rasmiHapana (lafudhi ya kikanda; Kiingereza ni rasmi nchini Uingereza) Uhai wa lughasalama

Kiingereza cha Mlango wa Thames (msimbo wa mradi en_est) ni jina lenye mjadala, lililobuniwa mwaka 1984, kwa kundi la sifa za matamshi ya kusini-mashariki mwa Uingereza na nafasi katika mwendelezo kati ya Received Pronunciation ya sasa au Kiingereza Sanifu cha Kusini mwa Uingereza na usemi maarufu wa London, ukiwemo Cockney. Kinahusishwa na London, mlango wa Thames na kaunti zinazozunguka mji huo, ingawa sifa zake nyingi zimeenea zaidi. Sifa zinazotajwa mara nyingi ni kutotamka r baada ya irabu, kutamka /t/ kama sauti ya koo katika nafasi fulani, kugeuza /l/ nzito kuwa irabu, muungano wa yod na mabadiliko ya irabuunganifu; wingi wake hutofautiana kwa mzungumzaji, mtindo, umri, tabaka na mahali. Sarufi na matumizi sanifu kwa kawaida hutofautisha jina hilo na Cockney pana, huku udondoshaji wa h na kusogeza TH mbele zikiwa si sifa fafanuzi za kudumu. Kwa hiyo wanaisimu wengi huona “Kiingereza cha Mlango” si lafudhi moja thabiti isiyo na tabaka, bali jina rahisi, na wakati mwingine lenye kupotosha, kwa mifumo inayoingiliana ya tofauti za kieneo na kijamii.

Inakozungumzwa

Maneno 31 ya msingi katika Kiingereza (Estuary)

Maji

water

/ˈwɔːʔə/

Moto

fire

/fɑɪə/

Jua

sun

/sʌn/

Mwezi

moon

/muːn/

Nyota

star

/stɑː/

Mama

mother

/ˈmʌðə/

Baba

father

/ˈfɑːðə/

Mimi

I

/ɑɪ/

Wewe

you

/juː/

Jina

name

/næɪm/

Jicho

eye

/ɑɪ/

Mkono

hand

/hænd/

Moyo

heart

/hɑːʔ/

Upendo

love

/lʌv/

Mti

tree

/tɹiː/

Nyumba

house

/hæʊs/

Mbwa

dog

/dɒɡ/

Paka

cat

/kæʔ/

Kula

eat

/iːʔ/

Kunywa

drink

/dɹɪŋk/

Moja

one

/wʌn/

Mbili

two

/tuː/

Habari

hello

/həˈlʌʊ/

Asante

thanks

/θæŋks/

Nzuri

good

/ɡʊd/

Vyanzo

Ulinganishaji wa maneno

Imelinganishwa na lugha za Indo-European (West Germanic, English) zinazohusiana

Maana Kiingereza (Estuary)Kiingereza (Afrika Kusini)KiingerezaKiingereza (Kiwelshi)Kiingereza (Ghana)Kiingereza (West Country)Kiingereza (Cockney)
Maji water /ˈwɔːʔə/ water /ˈwɔːtə/ water /ˈwɔːtə/ water /ˈwɔːtə/ water /ˈwɔːtə/ water /ˈwɔːtɚ/ water /ˈwoːʔə/
Moto fire /fɑɪə/ fire /faɪə/ fire /faɪə/ fire /faɪə/ fire /faɪə/ fire /faɪɚ/ fire /fɑːə/
Jua sun /sʌn/ sun /sʌn/ sun /sʌn/ sun /sʌn/ sun /sʌn/ sun /sʌn/ sun /sɐn/
Mwezi moon /muːn/ moon /muːn/ moon /muːn/ moon /muːn/ moon /muːn/ moon /muːn/ moon /muːn/
Nyota star /stɑː/ star /stɑː/ star /stɑːɹ/ star /staː/ star /staː/ star /stɑːɹ/ star /stɑː/
Mama mother /ˈmʌðə/ mother /ˈmʌðə/ mother /ˈmʌðə/ mother /ˈmʌðə/ mother /ˈmʌðə/ mother /ˈmʌðɚ/ mother /ˈmɐvə/
Baba father /ˈfɑːðə/ father /ˈfɑːðə/ father /ˈfɑːðə/ father /ˈfɑːðə/ father /ˈfaːðə/ father /ˈvɑːðɚ/ father /ˈfɑːvə/
Mimi I /ɑɪ/ I /ɑɪ/ I /aɪ/ I /aɪ/ I /aɪ/ I /aɪ/ I /ɑɪ/
Ukurasa 1/4

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