English (Scouse)
Kiingereza (Scouse)
Kihindi-Ulaya (Magharibi Kijerumani, Kiingereza)
Scouse ni jina la lafudhi na lahaja ya Kiingereza ya Liverpool na sehemu kubwa ya Merseyside, yenye tofauti kubwa kwa eneo, umri, tabaka na mtindo. Ilisitawi Liverpool ilipopanuka katika karne ya kumi na tisa na huonyesha historia ya jiji la bandari, hasa uhamiaji mkubwa wa Waayalandi, pamoja na urithi mpana wa Kiingereza cha kaskazini. Sifa za matamshi zilizo dhahiri lakini zinazobadilika ni kudhoofishwa kwa vizuizi kama /t/ na /k/ kuwa vizuizi-kwamizo au kwamizo, kutamka TH kama kizuizi, na muungano wa NURSE–SQUARE unaoweza kufanya fur na fair ziwe na vina. Kama aina nyingi za kaskazini mwa Uingereza, Scouse ya jadi haina migawanyiko ya FOOT–STRUT na TRAP–BATH, ingawa wasemaji binafsi wanaweza kutumia maumbo yasiyo ya eneo sana. Pia ina msamiati na mifumo ya sarufi mahususi; utafiti wa sasa unaonyesha kuwa vijana huhifadhi au hata kuimarisha baadhi ya sifa zinazotambulika sana ili kueleza utambulisho wa Liverpool.
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 31 ya msingi katika Kiingereza (Scouse)
Maji
water
/ˈwɔːt̪sə/
Moto
fire
/faɪə/
Jua
sun
/sʊn/
Mwezi
moon
/muːn/
Nyota
star
/stɑː/
Mama
mother
/ˈmʊðə/
Baba
father
/ˈfɑːðə/
Mimi
I
/aɪ/
Wewe
you
/juː/
Jina
name
/neɪm/
Jicho
eye
/aɪ/
Mkono
hand
/hand/
Moyo
heart
/hɑːt̪s/
Upendo
love
/lʊv/
Mti
tree
/tɹiː/
Nyumba
house
/haʊs/
Mbwa
dog
/dɒɣ/
Paka
cat
/kat̪s/
Kula
eat
/iːt̪s/
Kunywa
drink
/dɹɪŋx/
Moja
one
/wʊn/
Mbili
two
/tuː/
Habari
hello
/həˈləʊ/
Asante
ta
/ta/
Nzuri
good
/ɡʊd/
Vyanzo
- Wells (1982) Accents of English
- International Dialects of English Archive (IDEA)
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Indo-European (West Germanic, English) zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kiingereza (Scouse) | Kiingereza (Manchester) | Kiingereza (Kiwelshi) | Kiingereza | Kiingereza (West Country) | Kiingereza (Geordie) | Kiingereza (Afrika Kusini) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | water /ˈwɔːt̪sə/ | water /ˈwɔːtɐ/ | water /ˈwɔːtə/ | water /ˈwɔːtə/ | water /ˈwɔːtɚ/ | water /ˈwɔːtɐ/ | water /ˈwɔːtə/ |
| Moto | fire /faɪə/ | fire /faɪə/ | fire /faɪə/ | fire /faɪə/ | fire /faɪɚ/ | fire /faɪə/ | fire /faɪə/ |
| Jua | sun /sʊn/ | sun /sʊn/ | sun /sʌn/ | sun /sʌn/ | sun /sʌn/ | sun /sʊn/ | sun /sʌn/ |
| Mwezi | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ |
| Nyota | star /stɑː/ | star /staː/ | star /staː/ | star /stɑːɹ/ | star /stɑːɹ/ | star /staː/ | star /stɑː/ |
| Mama | mother /ˈmʊðə/ | mother /ˈmʊðɐ/ | mother /ˈmʌðə/ | mother /ˈmʌðə/ | mother /ˈmʌðɚ/ | mother /ˈmʊðɐ/ | mother /ˈmʌðə/ |
| Baba | father /ˈfɑːðə/ | father /ˈfaːðɐ/ | father /ˈfɑːðə/ | father /ˈfɑːðə/ | father /ˈvɑːðɚ/ | father /ˈfaːðɐ/ | father /ˈfɑːðə/ |
| Mimi | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ | I /ɑɪ/ |
| Wewe | you /juː/ | you /juː/ | you /juː/ | you /juː/ | you /juː/ | you /juː/ | you /juː/ |
| Jina | name /neɪm/ | name /neɪm/ | name /neːm/ | name /neɪm/ | name /neɪm/ | name /neːm/ | name /naɪm/ |
| Jicho | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ |
| Mkono | hand /hand/ | hand /hand/ | hand /hand/ | hand /hænd/ | hand /hand/ | hand /hand/ | hand /hænd/ |
| Moyo | heart /hɑːt̪s/ | heart /haːt/ | heart /hɑːt/ | heart /hɑːt/ | heart /hɑːɹt/ | heart /haːt/ | heart /hɑːt/ |
| Upendo | love /lʊv/ | love /lʊv/ | love /lʌv/ | love /lʌv/ | love /lʌv/ | love /lʊv/ | love /lʌv/ |
| Mti | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ |
| Nyumba | house /haʊs/ | house /haʊs/ | house /haʊs/ | house /haʊs/ | house /haʊs/ | house /huːs/ | house /haʊs/ |
| Mbwa | dog /dɒɣ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ |
| Paka | cat /kat̪s/ | cat /kat/ | cat /kʰat/ | cat /kæt/ | cat /kat/ | cat /kat/ | cat /kæt/ |
| Kula | eat /iːt̪s/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ |
| Kunywa | drink /dɹɪŋx/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ |
| Moja | one /wʊn/ | one /wʊn/ | one /wʌn/ | one /wʌn/ | one /wʌn/ | one /wʊn/ | one /wʌn/ |
| Mbili | two /tuː/ | two /tuː/ | two /tuː/ | two /tuː/ | two /tuː/ | two /tuː/ | two /tʉː/ |
| Habari | hello /həˈləʊ/ | hello /həˈlɔʊ/ | hello /həˈləʊ/ | hello /həˈləʊ/ | hello /hɛˈloʊ/ | hello /həˈloː/ | hello /həˈləʊ/ |
| Asante | ta /ta/ | ta /taː/ | thanks /θaŋks/ | thank you /θæŋk juː/ | thanks /θaŋks/ | thanks /θaŋks/ | thanks /θæŋks/ |
| Nzuri | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ |
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