Li Niha

Nias

Austronesian

FamilyAustronesian Speakers~770K ScriptLatin CountriesIndonesia Official inNo (Indonesian is the sole official language; regional languages are protected under Article 32 of the Constitution) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3nia

Nias (Li Niha, "language of Niha [the people]") is the principal Austronesian language of Nias Island, an offshore island in the Indian Ocean off the western coast of North Sumatra, Indonesia. The Nias people are famous for their megalithic stone-jumping warrior culture (hombo batu — leaping over stone columns), traditional Omo Hada dome-shaped chiefly houses, and the Nias festival of Faulokho. Linguistically, Nias has Sundic Austronesian features: voice/focus alternations, classifier-like noun particles, and a rich pronoun system. Two main dialect groups exist: Northern Nias (Niha Bawöra) and Southern Nias (Niha Maenamölö), with Brown's 2001 grammar focused on Southern.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Nias

Water

idanö

/idanø/

Fire

alitö

/aˈlitɤ/

Sun

luo

/luo/

Moon

bawa

/bawa/

Star

döfi

/døfi/

Mother

ina

/ina/

Father

amada

/amada/

I

ya'o

/jaʔo/

You

ya'ugö

/jaʔugø/

Name

döi

/døi/

Eye

hörö

/høɾø/

Hand

tanga

/taŋa/

Heart

tödö

/tødø/

Love

fa'omasi

/faʔomasi/

Tree

eu

/eu/

House

omo

/omo/

Dog

asu

/asu/

Cat

mao

/mao/

Eat

manga

/maŋa/

Drink

badu

/badu/

One

sara

/saɾa/

Two

dua

/dua/

Hello

ya'ahowu

/jaʔahowu/

Thank you

saohagölö

/saohaɡølø/

Good

sökhi

/søkʰi/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Austronesian languages

Meaning NiasBatak AngkolaMandarToba BatakBununSimalungun BatakOld Javanese (Kawi)
Water idanö /idanø/ aek /aek/ uai /uai/ aek /aek/ danum /danum/ bah /bah/ ꦮꦫꦶꦃ /warih/
Fire alitö /aˈlitɤ/ api /api/ api /api/ api /api/ sapuz /sapuz/ apuy /apuj/ ꦄꦒ꧀ꦤꦶ /aɡni/
Sun luo /luo/ mata ni ari /mata ni ari/ mata allo /mata alːo/ mata ni ari /mata ni ari/ vali /vali/ mata ni ari /mata ni ari/ ꦱꦸꦂꦪ /suɾja/
Moon bawa /bawa/ bulan /bulan/ bulang /bulaŋ/ bulan /bulan/ buan /buan/ bulan /bulan/ ꦕꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ /tʃandra/
Star döfi /døfi/ bintang /bintaŋ/ bittoeng /bittoeŋ/ bintang /bintaŋ/ bintuhan /bintuhan/ bintang /bintaŋ/ ꦭꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦁ /lintaŋ/
Mother ina /ina/ inang /inaŋ/ indo /indo/ ina /ina/ tina /tina/ inang /inaŋ/ ꦆꦧꦸ /ibu/
Father amada /amada/ amang /amaŋ/ ama /ama/ ama /ama/ tama /tama/ bapa /bapa/ ꦫꦩ /rama/
I ya'o /jaʔo/ au /au/ iyau /ijau/ au /au/ saikin /saikin/ ahu /ahu/ ꦄꦏꦸ /aku/
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