Batak Toba
Toba Batak
Austronesian (Northwest Sumatran)
Toba Batak is the largest of the Batak languages, spoken around Lake Toba in Sumatra. The Surat Batak script, an indigenous Brahmic abugida, was widely used until the 20th century and survives ceremonially.
Where it is spoken
31 core words in Toba Batak
Water
aek
/aek/
Fire
api
/api/
Sun
mata ni ari
/mata ni ari/
Moon
bulan
/bulan/
Star
bintang
/bintaŋ/
Mother
ina
/ina/
Father
ama
/ama/
I
au
/au/
You
ho
/ho/
Name
goar
/goar/
Eye
mata
/mata/
Hand
tangan
/taŋan/
Heart
roha
/roha/
Love
holong
/holoŋ/
Tree
hau
/hau/
House
jabu
/dʒabu/
Dog
biang
/biaŋ/
Cat
huting
/hutiŋ/
Eat
mangan
/maŋan/
Drink
minum
/minum/
One
sada
/sada/
Two
dua
/dua/
Hello
horas
/horas/
Thank you
mauliate
/mauliate/
Good
denggan
/deŋɡan/
Computer
komputer
/komˈputər/
Sushi
sushi
/ˈsuʃi/
Words compared
Compared with related Austronesian (Northwest Sumatran) languages
| Meaning | Toba Batak | Batak Angkola | Simalungun Batak | Banjar | Musi | Ambon Malay | Gayo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | aek /aek/ | aek /aek/ | bah /bah/ | banyu /baɲu/ | ayek /ajek/ | aer /aer/ | weih /weih/ |
| Fire | api /api/ | api /api/ | apuy /apuj/ | api /api/ | api /api/ | api /api/ | rara /ɾaɾa/ |
| Sun | mata ni ari /mata ni ari/ | mata ni ari /mata ni ari/ | mata ni ari /mata ni ari/ | matahari /matahari/ | matahari /matahari/ | mata hari /mata hari/ | matanlo /matanlo/ |
| Moon | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | ulen /ulən/ |
| Star | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ |
| Mother | ina /ina/ | inang /inaŋ/ | inang /inaŋ/ | uma /uma/ | mak /mak/ | mama /mama/ | ine /ine/ |
| Father | ama /ama/ | amang /amaŋ/ | bapa /bapa/ | abah /abah/ | bapak /bapak/ | papa /papa/ | ama /ama/ |
| I | au /au/ | au /au/ | ahu /ahu/ | aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ | beta /beta/ | aku /aku/ |
| You | ho /ho/ | ho /ho/ | ho /ho/ | ikam /ikam/ | kau /kau/ | ose /ose/ | ko /ko/ |
| Name | goar /goar/ | goar /goar/ | goran /goran/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ | namo /namo/ | nama /nama/ | gerel /gərəl/ |
| Eye | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mato /mato/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ |
| Hand | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | tangang /taŋaŋ/ | pumu /pumu/ |
| Heart | roha /roha/ | roha /roha/ | uhur /uhur/ | ati /ati/ | hati /hati/ | hati /hati/ | ate /ate/ |
| Love | holong /holoŋ/ | holong /holoŋ/ | holong /holoŋ/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | kunyung /kuɲuŋ/ |
| Tree | hau /hau/ | hayu /haju/ | hayu /haju/ | batang /bataŋ/ | kayu /kaju/ | pohon /pohon/ | kayu /kaju/ |
| House | jabu /dʒabu/ | bagas /baɡas/ | rumah /rumah/ | rumah /rumah/ | rumah /rumah/ | ruma /ruma/ | umah /umah/ |
| Dog | biang /biaŋ/ | asu /asu/ | baliang /baliaŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | asu /asu/ |
| Cat | huting /hutiŋ/ | huting /hutiŋ/ | huting /hutiŋ/ | pusa /pusa/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ |
| Eat | mangan /maŋan/ | mangan /maŋan/ | mangan /maŋan/ | makan /makan/ | makan /makan/ | makang /makaŋ/ | mangan /maŋan/ |
| Drink | minum /minum/ | minum /minum/ | minum /minum/ | nginum /ŋinum/ | minum /minum/ | minong /minoŋ/ | minum /minum/ |
| One | sada /sada/ | sada /sada/ | sada /sada/ | asa /asa/ | siko /siko/ | satu /satu/ | sara /saɾa/ |
| Two | dua /dua/ | dua /dua/ | dua /dua/ | dua /dua/ | duo /duo/ | dua /dua/ | roa /roa/ |
| Hello | horas /horas/ | horas /horas/ | horas /horas/ | salam /salam/ | halo /halo/ | hela /hela/ | salam /salam/ |
| Thank you | mauliate /mauliate/ | mauliate /mauliate/ | diatebei /diatebei/ | tarima kasih /tarima kasih/ | terimo kasih /terimo kasih/ | tarima kase /tarima kase/ | berejen /bərədʒən/ |
| Good | denggan /deŋɡan/ | denggan /deŋɡan/ | dear /dear/ | bagus /baɡus/ | bagus /baɡus/ | bagus /baɡus/ | jeroh /dʒeɾoh/ |
| Computer | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ |
| Sushi | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ |
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