Batak Toba
Toba Batak
Austronesian (Northwest Sumatran)
Toba Batak is the largest of the Batak languages, spoken around Lake Toba in Sumatra. The Surat Batak script, an indigenous Brahmic abugida, was widely used until the 20th century and survives ceremonially.
Where it is spoken
20 core words in Toba Batak
Water
aek
/aek/
Fire
api
/api/
Sun
mata ni ari
/mata ni ari/
Moon
bulan
/bulan/
Mother
ina
/ina/
Father
ama
/ama/
Eat
mangan
/maŋan/
Drink
minum
/minum/
Love
holong
/holoŋ/
Heart
roha
/roha/
Tree
hau
/hau/
House
jabu
/dʒabu/
Dog
biang
/biaŋ/
Cat
huting
/hutiŋ/
Hand
tangan
/taŋan/
Eye
mata
/mata/
Hello
horas
/horas/
Thank you
mauliate
/mauliate/
One
sada
/sada/
Good
denggan
/deŋɡan/
Words compared
Compared with related Austronesian (Northwest Sumatran) languages
| Meaning | Toba Batak | Batak Angkola | Simalungun Batak | Musi | Ambon Malay | Old Malay | Malay |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | aek /aek/ | aek /aek/ | bah /bah/ | ayek /ajek/ | aer /aer/ | ayar /ajar/ | air /ˈa.ir/ |
| Fire | api /api/ | api /api/ | apuy /apuj/ | api /api/ | api /api/ | api /api/ | api /api/ |
| Sun | mata ni ari /mata ni ari/ | ari /ari/ | mata ni ari /mata ni ari/ | matahari /matahari/ | mata hari /mata hari/ | matari /matari/ | matahari /matahari/ |
| Moon | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ |
| Mother | ina /ina/ | inang /inaŋ/ | inang /inaŋ/ | mak /mak/ | mama /mama/ | ibu /ibu/ | ibu /ibu/ |
| Father | ama /ama/ | amang /amaŋ/ | bapa /bapa/ | bapak /bapak/ | papa /papa/ | bapa /bapa/ | ayah /ajah/ |
| Eat | mangan /maŋan/ | mangan /maŋan/ | mangan /maŋan/ | makan /makan/ | makang /makaŋ/ | makan /makan/ | makan /makan/ |
| Drink | minum /minum/ | minum /minum/ | minum /minum/ | minum /minum/ | minong /minoŋ/ | minum /minum/ | minum /minum/ |
| Love | holong /holoŋ/ | holong /holoŋ/ | holong /holoŋ/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | cinta /tʃinta/ |
| Heart | roha /roha/ | roha /roha/ | uhur /uhur/ | hati /hati/ | hati /hati/ | hati /hati/ | hati /hati/ |
| Tree | hau /hau/ | hayu /haju/ | hayu /haju/ | kayu /kaju/ | pohon /pohon/ | kayu /kaju/ | pokok /pokoʔ/ |
| House | jabu /dʒabu/ | bagas /baɡas/ | rumah /rumah/ | rumah /rumah/ | ruma /ruma/ | rumah /rumah/ | rumah /rumah/ |
| Dog | biang /biaŋ/ | asu /asu/ | baliang /baliaŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ |
| Cat | huting /hutiŋ/ | huting /hutiŋ/ | huting /hutiŋ/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ |
| Hand | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | tangang /taŋaŋ/ | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ |
| Eye | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mato /mato/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ |
| Hello | horas /horas/ | horas /horas/ | horas /horas/ | halo /halo/ | hela /hela/ | — /—/ | hai /hai/ |
| Thank you | mauliate /mauliate/ | mauliate /mauliate/ | diatebei /diatebei/ | terimo kasih /terimo kasih/ | tarima kase /tarima kase/ | — /—/ | terima kasih /tərima kasih/ |
| One | sada /sada/ | sada /sada/ | sada /sada/ | siko /siko/ | satu /satu/ | sa /sa/ | satu /satu/ |
| Good | denggan /deŋɡan/ | denggan /deŋːan/ | dear /dear/ | bagus /baɡus/ | bagus /baɡus/ | baik /baik/ | baik /baiʔ/ |
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