Latina

Latin

Indo-European (Italic) · historical / hidden variety

FamilyIndo-European (Italic) SpeakersExtinct (liturgical) ScriptLatin CountriesRoman Empire, Vatican City Official inVatican City (liturgical) Vitalityextinct ISO 639-3lat

Latin (Latīnum) was the language of the Roman Republic and Roman Empire, originally a dialect of Old Latin spoken in Latium around Rome (founded 753 BCE). It evolved into the Romance languages (French, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Catalan, etc.) through Vulgar Latin, while Classical Latin remained the standard literary language. Today Latin remains the official language of Vatican City, the liturgical language of the Catholic Church, and the source of an enormous proportion of Western scientific, legal, and technical nomenclature. Famous works: Cicero's orations, Virgil's Aeneid, Caesar's commentaries.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Latin

Water

aqua

/akʷa/

Fire

ignis

/iŋnis/

Sun

sōl

/soːl/

Moon

lūna

/luːna/

Mother

māter

/maːter/

Father

pater

/pater/

Eat

edere

/edere/

Drink

bibere

/bibere/

Love

amor

/amor/

Heart

cor

/kor/

Tree

arbor

/arbor/

House

domus

/domus/

Dog

canis

/kanis/

Cat

fēlēs

/feːleːs/

Hand

manus

/manus/

Eye

oculus

/okulus/

Hello

salvē

/salweː/

Thank you

grātiās

/ɡraːtiaːs/

One

ūnus

/uːnus/

Good

bonus

/bonus/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Indo-European (Italic) languages

Meaning LatinInterlinguaSardinianSicilianVenetianCorsicanPapiamento
Water aqua /akʷa/ aqua /akwa/ abba /abba/ acqua /akkwa/ aqua /akwa/ acqua /akwa/ awa /awa/
Fire ignis /iŋnis/ foco /fɔko/ fogu /foɣu/ focu /fɔku/ fogo /foɡo/ focu /fɔku/ kandela /kandela/
Sun sōl /soːl/ sol /sɔl/ sole /sole/ suli /suli/ sol /sol/ sole /sɔle/ solo /solo/
Moon lūna /luːna/ luna /luna/ luna /luna/ luna /luna/ łuna /ɫuna/ luna /luna/ luna /luna/
Mother māter /maːter/ matre /matre/ mama /mama/ matri /matri/ mare /mare/ mamma /mamma/ mama /mama/
Father pater /pater/ patre /patre/ babbu /babbu/ patri /patri/ pare /pare/ babbu /babːu/ tata /tata/
Eat edere /edere/ manducar /mandukar/ mandigare /mandiɡare/ manciari /mantʃari/ magnàr /maˈɲar/ manghjà /manɟa/ kome /kome/
Drink bibere /bibere/ biber /biber/ bìere /ˈbiere/ vìviri /viviri/ bévar /ˈbevar/ beie /beje/ bebe /bebe/
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Word order compared

Compare with major world languages

Latin
Ego volo temptare togam quam vidi ‌in taberna contra deversorium
أنا أريد أن أجرب بدلة رأيتها في محل مقابل الفندق
试穿 酒店 对面的 商店 看到的 那套西装
I want to try on a suit I saw ‌in a shop across from the hotel
Ich möchte einen Anzug anprobieren den ich in einem Geschäft gegenüber vom Hotel gesehen habe
मैं होटल के सामने एक दुकान में देखा सूट को पहनकर देखना चाहता हूँ
私は ホテルの 向かいの お店 見た スーツを 試着 したいです
Я хочу примерить костюм который я увидел в магазине напротив отеля

Compare with closely-related languages

Latin
Ego volo temptare togam quam vidi ‌in taberna contra deversorium
Unë dua ta provoj një kostum pashë një dyqan përballë hotelit
Ես ուզում եմ փորձել կոստում որ տեսա խանութում դիմաց հյուրանոցի
हम होटल के सामने दुकान में देखल सूट पहिन के देखे के चाहत बानी
Аз искам да пробвам костюм който видях в магазин срещу хотела

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