ᠰᡞᠪᡝ ᡤᡞᠰᡠᠨ
Kisibe
Tungusic > Southern Tungusic > Manchu-Sibe
Kisibe (錫伯語) ni lugha ya Kitungus inayozungumzwa na karibu watu 25,000–30,000, hasa katika Kaunti ya Uhuru ya Sibe ya Qapqal huko Xinjiang, uzao wa bendera nane za Sibe waliohamishwa kutoka Manchuria mwaka 1764. Kama uzao hai wa moja kwa moja wa Kimanchu cha kifasihi, msamiati umerithiwa karibu kabisa, lakini fonolojia imebadilika sana: Kimanchu *ki, *ke, *gi, *ge zinapalatishwa kuwa /tɕ, d͡ʑ/ baada ya irabu (muke 'maji' → /mutɕə/, wargi 'magharibi' → /wartɕi/), idadi ya irabu inapanuka kutoka sita hadi nane (kuongezwa /y, œ/), na konsonanti za chakavu kati ya irabu zinawekwa sauti ([s]→[z], [x]→[ɣ]/[ʁ]). Kiambishi cha kitenzi kisichokamilika -mbi mara nyingi hupunguzwa kuwa -m katika usemi wa kawaida. Bado huandikwa kwa hati ya Kimanchu pamoja na herufi mbili za ziada; Qapqal bado inaendesha elimu ya msingi kwa Kisibe na gazeti la Kisibe (Cabcal Serkin) — moja ya lugha chache sana za Kitungus zinazoendelea kupitishwa kati ya vizazi.
Inakozungumzwa
Usomaji wa herufi za Han katika Kisibe
| Herufi | Maana | Usomaji | Umbo | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 一 | one | ᠡᠮᡠemu | /əmu/ | |
| 二 | two | ᠵᡠᠸᡝjuwe | /d͡ʑuwə/ | |
| 三 | three | ᡳᠯᠠᠨilan | /ilan/ | |
| 四 | four | ᡩᡠᡳᠨduin | /duin/ | |
| 五 | five | ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠsunja | /sund͡ʑa/ | |
| 六 | six | ᠨᡳᠩᡤᡠᠨninggun | /niŋɢun/ | |
| 七 | seven | ᠨᠠᡩᠠᠨnadan | /nadan/ | |
| 八 | eight | ᠵᠠᡴᡡᠨjakūn | /d͡ʑaqun/ | |
| 九 | nine | ᡠᠶᡠᠨuyun | /ujun/ | |
| 十 | ten | ᠵᡠᠸᠠᠨjuwan | /d͡ʑuwan/ | |
| 日 | sun | ᡧᡠᠨšun | /ɕun/ | |
| 月 | moon | ᠪᡳᠶᠠbiya | /bija/ | |
| 山 | mountain | ᠠᠯᡳᠨalin | /alin/ | |
| 水 | water | ᠮᡠᡴᡝmuke | /mutɕə/ | |
| 火 | fire | ᡨᡠᠸᠠtuwa | /tuwa/ | |
| 木 | tree | ᠮᠣᠣmoo | /mɔː/ | |
| 土 | soil | ᠪᠣᡳᡥᠣᠨboihon | /bɔiʁɔn/ | |
| 天 | sky | ᠠᠪᡴᠠabka | /apqa/ | |
| 地 | ground | ᠨᠠna | /na/ | |
| 海 | sea | ᠮᡝᡩᡝᡵᡳmederi | /mədəri/ | |
| 龍 | dragon | ᠮᡠᡩᡠᡵᡳmuduri | /muduri/ | |
| 虎 | tiger | ᡨᠠᡧᠠtasha | /taɕa/ | |
| 犬 | dog | ᡳᠨᡩᠠᡥᡡᠨindahūn | /indaʁun/ | |
| 馬 | horse | ᠮᠣᡵᡳᠨmorin | /mɔrin/ | |
| 鳥 | bird | ᡤᠠᡧᠠgasha | /ɢaɕa/ | |
| 魚 | fish | ᠨᡳᠮᠠᡥᠠnimaha | /nimaʁa/ | |
| 牛 | ox | ᡳᡥᠠᠨihan | /iʁan/ | |
| 羊 | sheep | ᡥᠣᠨᡳᠨhonin | /χɔnin/ | |
| 貓 | cat | ᡴᡝᠰᡳᡴᡝkesike | /kəsitɕə/ | |
| 人 | person | ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠniyalma | /ɲalma/ | |
| 手 | hand | ᡤᠠᠯᠠgala | /ɢala/ | |
| 足 | foot | ᠪᡝᡨᡥᡝbethe | /bətxə/ | |
| 目 | eye | ᠶᠠᠰᠠyasa | /jaza/ | |
| 耳 | ear | ᡧᠠᠨšan | /ɕan/ | |
| 口 | mouth | ᠠᠩᡤᠠangga | /aŋɢa/ | |
| 頭 | head | ᡠᠵᡠuju | /ud͡ʑu/ | |
| 心 | heart | ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠮᠠᠨniyaman | /ɲaman/ | |
| 血 | blood | ᠰᡝᠩᡤᡳsenggi | /səŋɣi/ | |
| 肉 | meat | ᠶᠠᠯᡳyali | /jali/ | |
| 上 | up | ᡩᡝᠯᡝdele | /dələ/ | |
| 下 | down | ᡶᡝᠵᡳᠯᡝfejile | /fəd͡ʑilə/ | |
| 中 | middle | ᡩᡠᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠdulimba | /dulimba/ | |
| 中 | hit | ᡤᠣᡳᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳgoibumbi | /ɢɔibum/ | |
| 央 | center | ᡩᡠᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳdulimbai | /dulimbai/ | |
| 左 | left | ᡥᠠᡧᡡhashū | /χaɕu/ | |
| 右 | right | ᡳᠴᡳici | /it͡ɕi/ | |
| 東 | east | ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳdergi | /dərɡi/ | |
| 西 | west | ᠸᠠᡵᡤᡳwargi | /warɡi/ | |
| 南 | south | ᠵᡠᠯᡝᡵᡤᡳjulergi | /d͡ʑulərɡi/ | |
| 北 | north | ᠠᠮᠠᡵᡤᡳamargi | /amarɡi/ | |
| 行 | go | ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳyabumbi | /jawum/ | |
| 行 | row | ᡶᠠᡳᡩᠠᠨfaidan | /faidan/ | |
| 来 | come | ᠵᡳᠮᠪᡳjimbi | /d͡ʑim/ | |
| 去 | leave | ᡤᡝᠨᡝᠮᠪᡳgenembi | /ɡənəm/ | |
| 見 | see | ᠰᠠᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳsabumbi | /sabum/ | |
| 聞 | hear | ᡩᠣᠨᠵᡳᠮᠪᡳdonjimbi | /dɔnd͡ʑim/ | |
| 食 | eat | ᠵᡝᠮᠪᡳjembi | /d͡ʑəm/ | |
| 飲 | drink | ᠣᠮᡳᠮᠪᡳomimbi | /ɔmim/ | |
| 走 | run | ᠰᡠᠵᡠᠮᠪᡳsujumbi | /sud͡ʑum/ | |
| 坐 | sit | ᡨᡝᠮᠪᡳtembi | /təm/ | |
| 立 | stand | ᡳᠯᡳᠮᠪᡳilimbi | /ilim/ |
Vyanzo
- Wikipedia — Xibe language
- Jerry Norman, A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon (1978) — base lexicon inherited by Sibe
- An Jun & Zhao Zhizhong, 锡伯语口语研究 (Studies in Spoken Sibe), Ürümqi 2004 — phonology and *ki→tɕi shift
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Tungusic (Manchu-Nanai, Manchu — sister/dialect of Manchu) zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kisibe | Kimanchu | Kijurchen | Kinanai | Kiudege | Kieven | Kievenki |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | ᠮᡠᡴᡝ /mukə/ | ᠮᡠᡴᡝ /mukə/ | muke /muke/ | муэ /mue/ | уй /uj/ | му /mu/ | му /mu/ |
| Moto | ᡨᡠᠸᠠ /tuwa/ | ᡨᡠᠸᠠ /tuwa/ | tuwa /tuwa/ | това /tova/ | тогбо /toɡbo/ | тоог /toːɡ/ | того /toɡo/ |
| Jua | ᠰᡠᠨ /sun/ | ᡧᡠᠨ /ʃun/ | šun /ʃun/ | сиун /siun/ | даигаси /daiɡasi/ | нөлтэн /nølten/ | дылача /dɯlatɕa/ |
| Mwezi | ᠪᡳᠶᠠ /bija/ | ᠪᡳᠶᠠ /bija/ | biya /bija/ | биа /bia/ | биа /bia/ | бяг /bjaɡ/ | бега /beɡa/ |
| Mama | ᡝᠨᡞᠶᡝ /ənije/ | ᡝᠨᡳᠶᡝ /ənijə/ | eme /eme/ | энин /enin/ | энэ /ene/ | эньэн /eɲen/ | эни /eni/ |
| Baba | ᠠᠮᠠ /ama/ | ᠠᠮᠠ /ama/ | ama /ama/ | ама /ama/ | амэ /amə/ | ама /ama/ | ама /ama/ |
| Kula | ᠵᡝᠮᠪᡞ /d͡ʒəmbi/ | ᠵᡝᠮᠪᡳ /dʒəmbi/ | jefu /dʒefu/ | депу /depu/ | джевэ /d͡ʒevə/ | дьэб /dʒeb/ | дептэ /depte/ |
| Kunywa | ᠣᠮᡳᠪᡞ /omibi/ | ᠣᠮᡳᠪᡳ /omibi/ | omi /omi/ | омичи /omitʃi/ | омимэ /omimə/ | ум /um/ | умӣ /umiː/ |
| Upendo | ᠴᡳᠯᡨᡠᠮᠪᡳ /t͡ʃiltumbi/ | ᡥᠠᡳᡵᠠᠮᠪᡳ /xairambi/ | gosi /ɡosi/ | эйини /ejini/ | чисанай /t͡ʃisanaj/ | аякан /ajakan/ | аявдави /ajavdavi/ |
| Moyo | ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠮᠠᠨ /nijaman/ | ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠮᠠᠨ /nijaman/ | niyaman /nijaman/ | миаван /miavan/ | миаван /miavan/ | мяван /mjavan/ | меван /mevan/ |
| Mti | ᠮᠣᠯᠣ /molo/ | ᠮᠣᠣ /moː/ | mo /mo/ | мо /mo/ | мо /mo/ | мо /mo/ | мо /mo/ |
| Nyumba | ᠪᠣᠣ /boː/ | ᠪᠣᠣ /boː/ | boo /boː/ | дё /dʒo/ | дзугди /d͡zuɡdi/ | дьу /dʒu/ | дю /dʒu/ |
| Mbwa | ᠨᡳᠨᠳᠠᡥᡡᠨ /nindaxun/ | ᡳᠨᡩᠠᡥᡡᠨ /indaxuːn/ | indahǔn /indahuːn/ | инда /inda/ | инай /inaj/ | нгин /ŋin/ | нгинакин /ŋinakin/ |
| Paka | ᡴᡝᠰᡳᡴᡝ /kəsikə/ | ᡴᡝᠰᡳᡴᡝ /kəsikə/ | kesike /kesike/ | коси /kosi/ | кошк /koʃk/ | кошка /koʂka/ | кошка /koʂka/ |
| Mkono | ᡤᠠᠯᠠ /ɡala/ | ᡤᠠᠯᠠ /ɡala/ | gala /ɡala/ | нгала /ŋala/ | нала /nala/ | нгал /ŋal/ | нгалэ /ŋale/ |
| Jicho | ᠶᠠᠰᠠ /jasa/ | ᠶᠠᠰᠠ /jasa/ | yasa /jasa/ | насал /nasal/ | писа /pisa/ | яса /jasa/ | эса /esa/ |
| Habari | ᠨᡳᠩᡤᡝ ᠰᠠᡳᠨ /niŋɡe sain/ | ᠰᡳ ᠰᠠᡳᠨ /si sain/ | — /—/ | банди-банди /bandi bandi/ | бандиба /bandiba/ | дорова /dorova/ | дорообо /doroːbo/ |
| Asante | ᠪᠠᠨᡳᡥᠠ /banixa/ | ᠪᠠᠨᡳᡥᠠ /banixa/ | — /—/ | банихан /banihan/ | нюхча /ɲuxt͡ʃa/ | пасиба /pasiba/ | пасиба /pasiba/ |
| Moja | ᡝᠮᡠ /əmu/ | ᠡᠮᡠ /əmu/ | emu /emu/ | эмун /emun/ | омо /omo/ | омэн /omen/ | умун /umun/ |
| Nzuri | ᠰᠠᡳᠨ /sain/ | ᠰᠠᡳᠨ /sain/ | sain /sain/ | ая /aja/ | ая /aja/ | ай /aj/ | ая /aja/ |
Ukurasa 1/3
Ulinganishaji wa usomaji wa Han
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Tungusic > Southern Tungusic > Manchu-Sibe zinazohusiana
| Herufi | Kisibe | Kimanchu | Kijurchen | Pratungus | Kikhitan | Promongoli | Kun-yomi (usomaji wa asili wa Kijapani) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 一 | emu /əmu/ | emu /emu/ | emu /emu/ | *əmun /*əmun/ | om /əm/ | *nigen /*niɡen/ | hito /çito/ |
| 二 | juwe /d͡ʑuwə/ | juwe /d͡ʒuwə/ | juwe /dʑuwe/ | *dʒuər /*d͡ʒuər/ | jur /dʒur/ | *qoyar /*qojar/ | futa /ɸɯta/ |
| 三 | ilan /ilan/ | ilan /ilan/ | ilan /ilan/ | *ilan /*ilan/ | gur /ɡur/ | *gurba(n) /*gurban/ | mi /mi/ |
| 四 | duin /duin/ | duin /duin/ | duin /duin/ | *dügin /*dyɡin/ | dur /dur/ | *dörbe(n) /*dœrben/ | yo /jo/ |
| 五 | sunja /sund͡ʑa/ | sunja /sund͡ʒa/ | sunja /sundʑa/ | *tuɲga /*tuɲɡa/ | tau /tau/ | *tabu(n) /*tabun/ | itsu /it͡sɯ/ |
| 六 | ninggun /niŋɢun/ | ninggun /niŋɡun/ | ninggun /niŋɡun/ | *ɲuŋun /*ɲuŋun/ | nil /nil/ | *jirguɣa(n) /*dʒirɣuɣan/ | mu /mɯ/ |
| 七 | nadan /nadan/ | nadan /nadan/ | nadan /nadan/ | *nadan /*nadan/ | dalu /dalu/ | *doluɣa(n) /*doluɣan/ | nana /nana/ |
| 八 | jakūn /d͡ʑaqun/ | jakūn /d͡ʒakʰuːn/ | jakūn /dʑakɯn/ | *dʒapkun /*d͡ʒapkun/ | naim /naim/ | *nayima(n) /*najiman/ | ya /ja/ |
| 九 | uyun /ujun/ | uyun /ujun/ | uyun /ujun/ | *xəgün /*xəɡyn/ | isen /isen/ | *yersü(n) /*jersyn/ | kokono /kokono/ |
| 十 | juwan /d͡ʑuwan/ | juwan /d͡ʒuwan/ | juwan /dʑuwan/ | *dʒuwan /*d͡ʒuwan/ | par /par/ | *harba(n) /*harban/ | tō /toː/ |
| 日 | šun /ɕun/ | šun /ʃun/ | šun /ʃun/ | *siun /*siun/ | nair /nair/ | *naran /*naran/ | hi /çi/ |
| 月 | biya /bija/ | biya /bija/ | biya /bija/ | *bēga /*beːɡa/ | sair /sair/ | *sara(n) /*saran/ | tsuki /t͡sɯki/ |
| 山 | alin /alin/ | alin /alin/ | alin /alin/ | *xada /*xada/ | ula /ʊla/ | *agula /*aɣula/ | yama /jama/ |
| 水 | muke /mutɕə/ | muke /mukə/ | muke /muke/ | *mū /*muː/ | us /ʊs/ | *usu(n) /*usun/ | mizu /midzɯ/ |
| 火 | tuwa /tuwa/ | tuwa /tuwa/ | tuwa /tuwa/ | *tōga /*toːɡa/ | gal /ɡal/ | *gal /*ɡal/ | hi /çi/ |
| 木 | moo /mɔː/ | moo /moː/ | moo /moː/ | *mō /*moː/ | — | *modu(n) /*modun/ | ki /ki/ |
| 土 | boihon /bɔiʁɔn/ | boihon /bojxon/ | boihon /boixon/ | *na /*na/ | — | *sirui /*siruj/ | tsuchi /t͡sɯt͡ɕi/ |
| 天 | abka /apqa/ | abka /abka/ | abka /abka/ | *abka /*abka/ | teŋri /tʰeŋri/ | *teŋri /*teŋri/ | ame /ame/ |
| 地 | na /na/ | na /na/ | na /na/ | *na /*na/ | — | *gajar /*ɡadʒar/ | — |
| 海 | mederi /mədəri/ | mederi /medəri/ | mederi /mederi/ | *lāmu /*laːmu/ | — | *dalai /*dalaj/ | umi /ɯmi/ |
| 龍 | muduri /muduri/ | muduri /muduri/ | muduri /muduri/ | — | — | — | tatsu /tat͡sɯ/ |
| 虎 | tasha /taɕa/ | tasha /taʃa/ | tasha /taʃa/ | — | — | — | tora /toɾa/ |
| 犬 | indahūn /indaʁun/ | indahūn /indaxuːn/ | indahūn /indaxɯn/ | *ŋinda /*ŋinda/ | — | *noxai /*noxaj/ | inu /inɯ/ |
| 馬 | morin /mɔrin/ | morin /morin/ | morin /morin/ | *murin /*murin/ | morin /morin/ | *mori(n) /*morin/ | uma /ɯma/ |
| 鳥 | gasha /ɢaɕa/ | gasha /ɡaʃa/ | gasha /ɡaʃa/ | *gasa /*ɡasa/ | — | *sibawun /*sibaʊn/ | tori /toɾi/ |
| 魚 | nimaha /nimaʁa/ | nimaha /nimaxa/ | nimaha /nimaxa/ | *nimaka /*nimaka/ | — | *jigasu(n) /*dʒiɣasun/ | sakana /sakana/ |
| 牛 | ihan /iʁan/ | ihan /ixan/ | ihan /ixan/ | *xuker /*xuker/ | — | *hüker /*hyker/ | ushi /ɯɕi/ |
| 羊 | honin /χɔnin/ | honin /xonin/ | honin /xonin/ | — | — | *honi(n) /*honin/ | hitsuji /çit͡sɯd͡ʑi/ |
| 貓 | kesike /kəsitɕə/ | kesike /kəsikə/ | — | — | — | — | neko /neko/ |
| 人 | niyalma /ɲalma/ | niyalma /njalma/ | niyalma /nialma/ | *niama /*niama/ | küü /kʰuː/ | *kümün /*kymyn/ | hito /çito/ |
| 手 | gala /ɢala/ | gala /ɡala/ | gala /ɡala/ | *ŋāla /*ŋaːla/ | — | *gar /*ɡar/ | te /te/ |
| 足 | bethe /bətxə/ | bethe /bətxə/ | bethe /betxe/ | *bəgdi /*bəɡdi/ | — | *köl /*kœl/ | ashi /aɕi/ |
| 目 | yasa /jaza/ | yasa /jasa/ | yasa /jasa/ | *jāsa /*jaːsa/ | — | *nidün /*nidyn/ | me /me/ |
| 耳 | šan /ɕan/ | šan /ʃan/ | šan /ʃan/ | *sēn /*seːn/ | — | *cikin /*tʃikin/ | mimi /mimi/ |
| 口 | angga /aŋɢa/ | angga /aŋɡa/ | angga /aŋɡa/ | *amŋa /*amŋa/ | — | *aman /*aman/ | kuchi /kɯt͡ɕi/ |
| 頭 | uju /ud͡ʑu/ | uju /ud͡ʒu/ | uju /udʑu/ | *dil /*dil/ | — | *terixün /*terixyn/ | atama /atama/ |
| 心 | niyaman /ɲaman/ | niyaman /njaman/ | niyaman /niaman/ | *mēwan /*meːwan/ | — | *jirüken /*dʒiryken/ | kokoro /kokoɾo/ |
| 血 | senggi /səŋɣi/ | senggi /səŋɡi/ | senggi /səŋɡi/ | *sēksə /*seːksə/ | — | *cisu(n) /*tʃisun/ | chi /t͡ɕi/ |
| 肉 | yali /jali/ | yali /jali/ | yali /jali/ | *uldʒə /*uld͡ʒə/ | — | *mika(n) /*mikan/ | — |
| 上 | dele /dələ/ | dele /dələ/ | dele /dələ/ | *ugi /*uɡi/ | — | *degere /*deɡere/ | ue /ɯe/ |
| 下 | fejile /fəd͡ʑilə/ | fejile /fəd͡ʒilə/ | fejile /fəjilə/ | *xərgi /*xərɡi/ | — | *doxora /*doxora/ | shita /ɕita/ |
| 中 | dulimba /dulimba/ | dulimba /dulimba/ | dulin /dulin/ | *dulin /*dulin/ | — | *dumda /*dumda/ | naka /naka/ |
| 中 | goibumbi /ɢɔibum/ | goibumbi /ɡoibumbi/ | — | *dulin /*dulin/ | — | *dumda /*dumda/ | ataru /ataɾɯ/ |
| 央 | dulimbai /dulimbai/ | dulimbai /dulimbai/ | dulimbai /dulimbai/ | *dulin /*dulin/ | — | — | — |
| 左 | hashū /χaɕu/ | hashū /xaʃuː/ | hashū /haʃɯ/ | *dʒəgün /*d͡ʒəɡyn/ | — | *jegün /*dʒeɡyn/ | hidari /çidaɾi/ |
| 右 | ici /it͡ɕi/ | ici /it͡ʃi/ | ici /itɕi/ | *aŋān /*aŋaːn/ | — | *baragun /*baraɣun/ | migi /migi/ |
| 東 | dergi /dərɡi/ | dergi /dərɡi/ | dergi /dərɡi/ | — | — | *jegün /*dʒeɡyn/ | higashi /çigaɕi/ |
| 西 | wargi /warɡi/ | wargi /warɡi/ | wargi /warɡi/ | — | — | *baragun /*baraɣun/ | nishi /niɕi/ |
| 南 | julergi /d͡ʑulərɡi/ | julergi /d͡ʒulərɡi/ | julergi /dʑulərɡi/ | — | — | *emüne /*emyne/ | minami /minami/ |
| 北 | amargi /amarɡi/ | amargi /amarɡi/ | amargi /amarɡi/ | — | — | *hoyitu /*hojitu/ | kita /kita/ |
| 行 | yabumbi /jawum/ | yabumbi /jabumbi/ | yabu- /jabu-/ | *jabu- /*jabu-/ | — | *yabu- /*jabu-/ | iku /ikɯ/ |
| 行 | faidan /faidan/ | faidan /faidan/ | — | *ŋənə- /*ŋənə-/ | — | *yabu- /*jabu-/ | — |
| 来 | jimbi /d͡ʑim/ | jimbi /d͡ʒimbi/ | ji- /dʑi-/ | *əmə- /*əmə-/ | — | *ire- /*ire-/ | kuru /kɯɾɯ/ |
| 去 | genembi /ɡənəm/ | genembi /ɡənəmbi/ | gene- /ɡənə-/ | *ŋənə- /*ŋənə-/ | — | *od- /*od-/ | saru /saɾɯ/ |
| 見 | sabumbi /sabum/ | sabumbi /sabumbi/ | sabu- /sabu-/ | *ičə- /*it͡ʃə-/ | — | *üje- /*ydʒe-/ | miru /miɾɯ/ |
| 聞 | donjimbi /dɔnd͡ʑim/ | donjimbi /dond͡ʒimbi/ | donji- /dondʑi-/ | *dōldi- /*doːldi-/ | — | *sonos- /*sonos-/ | kiku /kikɯ/ |
| 食 | jembi /d͡ʑəm/ | jembi /d͡ʒəmbi/ | je- /dʑe-/ | *dʒəp- /*d͡ʒəp-/ | — | *ide- /*ide-/ | kuu /kɯɯ/ |
| 飲 | omimbi /ɔmim/ | omimbi /omimbi/ | omi- /omi-/ | *umī- /*umiː-/ | — | *uxu- /*uxu-/ | nomu /nomɯ/ |
| 走 | sujumbi /sud͡ʑum/ | sujumbi /sud͡ʒumbi/ | suju- /sudʑu-/ | *tuksa- /*tuksa-/ | — | *güyü- /*ɡyjy-/ | hashiru /haɕiɾɯ/ |
| 坐 | tembi /təm/ | tembi /təmbi/ | te- /te-/ | *təgə- /*təɡə-/ | — | *saxu- /*saxu-/ | suwaru /sɯwaɾɯ/ |
| 立 | ilimbi /ilim/ | ilimbi /ilimbi/ | ili- /ili-/ | *ili- /*ili-/ | — | *bos- /*bos-/ | tatsu /tat͡sɯ/ |
Ukurasa 1/7
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