Tojol-ab'al
Bahasa Tojolabal
Mayan
Tojolabal (autonymously Tojol-abʼal, "the true language") is a Mayan language of the Chujean sub-branch within the Q'anjob'alan-Chujean branch, spoken by around 70,000 people in the Las Margaritas and Comitán municipalities of Chiapas, Mexico, near the Guatemalan border. Linguistically, Tojolabal is most closely related to Chuj (cac) of Guatemala — the two are sometimes treated as a Chujean dialect cluster — and more distantly to the Q'anjob'alan languages (Q'anjob'al kjb, Akateko, Jakalteko). The Tojolabal community is known for its strong communal land-tenure tradition (the ejido system) and the political philosophy of the "nosotros" (we — Tojolabal lekilukʼ) which emphasizes collective subjectivity over individual identity. The 1994 Zapatista uprising in Chiapas brought significant attention to Tojolabal as one of the major Mayan languages of the autonomous-municipality region.
Tempat dituturkan
20 kata inti dalam Bahasa Tojolabal
Air
jaʼ
/haʔ/
Api
kʼakʼ
/kʼakʼ/
Matahari
kʼakʼu
/kʼakʼu/
Bulan
ixaw
/iʃaw/
Ibu
nan
/nan/
Ayah
tat
/tat/
Makan
waʼel
/waʔel/
Minum
ukʼ
/ukʼ/
Cinta
skʼana
/skʼana/
Hati
alma
/alma/
Pohon
teʼ
/teʔ/
Rumah
naj
/nah/
Anjing
tsʼiʼ
/tsʼiʔ/
Kucing
mis
/mis/
Tangan
kʼabʼ
/kʼaɓ/
Mata
satej
/sateh/
Halo
lekilukʼ
/lekilukʼ/
Terima kasih
yuj
/juh/
Satu
jun
/hun/
Baik
lek
/lek/
Sumber
Perbandingan kata
Dibandingkan dengan bahasa Mayan terkait
| Arti | Bahasa Tojolabal | bahasa Tzotzil | Tzeltal | Bahasa Uspanteko | Bahasa Q'anjob'al | Bahasa Itzá Maya | Bahasa Chontal Tabasco |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air | jaʼ /haʔ/ | voʼ /voʔ/ | jaʼ /xaʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | haʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ |
| Api | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼokʼ /kʼokʼ/ | kʼaal /kʼaːl/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | qʼaʼ /qʼaʔ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ |
| Matahari | kʼakʼu /kʼakʼu/ | kʼakʼal /kʼakʼal/ | kʼajkʼal /kʼaxkʼal/ | qʼiij /qʼiːh/ | kʼuʼ /kʼuʔ/ | kʼin /kʼin/ | kʼin /kʼin/ |
| Bulan | ixaw /iʃaw/ | u /u/ | u /u/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | ixaw /iʃaw/ | uj /uh/ | ä /æ/ |
| Ibu | nan /nan/ | meʼ /meʔ/ | meʼ /meʔ/ | nan /nan/ | mim /mim/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | naʼ /naʔ/ |
| Ayah | tat /tat/ | tot /tot/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | mam /mam/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ |
| Makan | waʼel /waʔel/ | veʼel /veʔel/ | weʼel /weʔel/ | waʼ /waʔ/ | lo /lo/ | jant /hant/ | weʼ /weʔ/ |
| Minum | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | uchʼ /utʃʼ/ | uchʼel /utʃʼel/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | uku /uku/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | ukʼe /ukʼe/ |
| Cinta | skʼana /skʼana/ | kʼanel /kʼanel/ | kʼanbey /kʼanbej/ | lóqʼ /lóqʼ/ | kʼamʼ /kʼamʔ/ | yakunti /jakunti/ | kʼuxbe /kʼuʃbe/ |
| Hati | alma /alma/ | oʼon /oʔon/ | oʼtan /oʔtan/ | kʼuʼx /kʼuʔʃ/ | kʼulul /kʼulul/ | pukʼsikʼal /pukʼsikʼal/ | pixan /piʃan/ |
| Pohon | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ |
| Rumah | naj /nah/ | na /na/ | na /na/ | jaa /haː/ | na /na/ | nah /nah/ | otot /otot/ |
| Anjing | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | pekʼ /pekʼ/ | pekʼ /pekʼ/ |
| Kucing | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mes /mes/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ |
| Tangan | kʼabʼ /kʼaɓ/ | kʼob /kʼob/ | kʼab /kʼab/ | qʼab /qʼab/ | qʼab /qʼab/ | kʼab /kʼab/ | kʼä /kʼæ/ |
| Mata | satej /sateh/ | sat /sat/ | sit /sit/ | wach /watʃ/ | sat /sat/ | ich /itʃ/ | wich /witʃ/ |
| Halo | lekilukʼ /lekilukʼ/ | kʼusi avokoluk /kʼusi avokoluk/ | banti winik /banti winik/ | saʼbʼal /saʔbal/ | kawal /kawal/ | bʼix a tʼan /biʃ a tʼan/ | bin a bel /bin a bel/ |
| Terima kasih | yuj /juh/ | kolaval /kolaval/ | wokol awal /wokol awal/ | maltyox /maltjoʃ/ | yuhwal /juhwal/ | dios bʼotik /dios botik/ | dios boʼtik /dios boʔtik/ |
| Satu | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /xun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | un /un/ |
| Baik | lek /lek/ | lek /lek/ | lek /lek/ | utz /uts/ | watxʼ /watʃʼ/ | malobʼ /malob/ | tsʼak /tsʼak/ |
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