Zeme

Zeme Naga

Sino-Tibetan

FamilySino-Tibetan Speakers~70K ScriptLatin CountriesIndia Official inIndia (Schedule 8 not formal; recognized regional indigenous Naga language) Vitalityvulnerable ISO 639-3nzm

Zeme Naga (autonymously Zeme) is a Tibeto-Burman language of the Zeme group within Kuki-Chin-Naga, spoken by ~70,000 people across the borderlands of Nagaland, Manipur, and Assam in northeast India. The Zeme people are part of the broader Naga ethnopolitical complex (~3M Nagas across NE India and Myanmar) but linguistically distinct from the more famous Naga languages like Tangkhul, Sumi, and Mao. Zeme has classical Tibeto-Burman features: tonal (low/high), simple noun morphology, polypersonal verb agreement, and SOV constituent order. Naga literacy programs since the 1960s have produced Bible translations and educational materials in Zeme.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Zeme Naga

Water

nki

/nki/

Fire

mei

/mei/

Sun

sʰeu

/sʰeu/

Moon

kʰu

/kʰu/

Mother

nem

/nem/

Father

ape

/ape/

Eat

so

/so/

Drink

hʷu

/hʷu/

Love

kihai

/kihai/

Heart

heisia

/heisia/

Tree

rik

/rik/

House

ki

/ki/

Dog

hui

/hui/

Cat

kʰemi

/kʰemi/

Hand

hak

/hak/

Eye

mik

/mik/

Hello

hangba

/haŋba/

Thank you

kazi

/kazi/

One

kha

/kʰa/

Good

ahei

/ahei/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Sino-Tibetan languages

Meaning Zeme NagaTangkhul NagaKurtöpMizoHakha ChinLimbuSikkimese
Water nki /nki/ ze /ze/ khwe /kʰwe/ tui /tui/ ti /ti/ ᤇᤘᤠ /tʃʰwaː/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/
Fire mei /mei/ mei /mei/ mi /mi/ mei /mei/ mei /mei/ ᤔᤡ /mi/ མེ /me/
Sun sʰeu /sʰeu/ nyithui /ɲitʰui/ ningpe /niŋpe/ ni /ni/ ni /ni/ ᤊᤠᤶᤑ /ɲaːmpʰʌ/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/
Moon kʰu /kʰu/ lai /lai/ lai /lai/ thla /tʰla/ thla /tʰla/ ᤗᤠᤒᤠ /laːba/ ཟླ་བ /dawa/
Mother nem /nem/ ina /ina/ amai /amai/ nu /nu/ nu /nu/ ᤔᤠᤔᤠ /aːmaː/ ཨ་མ /ama/
Father ape /ape/ apa /apa/ apai /apai/ pa /pa/ pa /pa/ ᤀᤠᤒᤠ /aːbaː/ ཨ་པ /apa/
Eat so /so/ ngui /ŋui/ za /za/ ei /ei/ ei /ei/ ᤆᤠᤔᤠ /tʃaːmaː/ /za/
Drink hʷu /hʷu/ rai /rai/ thung /tʰuŋ/ in /in/ din /din/ ᤌᤢᤴᤔᤠ /tʰuŋmaː/ འཐུང /tʰuŋ/
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