Монгол

Mongolian

Mongolic

FamilyMongolic Speakers~5.7M ScriptCyrillic / Mongolian script (traditional) CountriesMongolia, China (Inner Mongolia) Official inMongolia Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3mon

Mongolian (Монгол хэл) is a Mongolic language with ~5.7M speakers — sole official language of Mongolia (~3M), with ~3M+ in China's Inner Mongolia (Mongolian script). Khalkha dialect is the standard. Cyrillic script since 1946 Soviet-influenced reform; traditional vertical Mongolian script remains primary in Inner Mongolia and is being reintroduced in Mongolia (2025 target).

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Mongolian

Water

ус

/us/

Fire

гал

/ɡal/

Sun

нар

/nar/

Moon

сар

/sar/

Mother

ээж

/eːdʒ/

Father

аав

/aːw/

Eat

идэх

/idex/

Drink

уух

/uːx/

Love

хайр

/xajr/

Heart

зүрх

/dzyrx/

Tree

мод

/mod/

House

гэр

/ɡer/

Dog

нохой

/nɔxɔj/

Cat

муур

/muːr/

Hand

гар

/ɡar/

Eye

нүд

/nyd/

Hello

сайн уу

/sajn uː/

Thank you

баярлалаа

/bajarlalaː/

One

нэг

/neɡ/

Good

сайн

/sajn/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Mongolic languages

Meaning MongolianKalmykClassical MongolianBuryatMongghulMiddle MongolInner Mongolian
Water ус /us/ усн /usn/ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ /usun/ уһан /uhan/ usu /usu/ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ /usun/ ᠤᠰᠤ /usu/
Fire гал /ɡal/ гал /ɡal/ ᠭᠠᠯ /ɡal/ гал /ɡal/ ghal /ʁal/ ᠭᠠᠯ /ɣal/ ᠭᠠᠯ /ɡɑl/
Sun нар /nar/ нарн /narn/ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ /naran/ наран /naran/ nara /nara/ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ /naran/ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ /nɑrɑ/
Moon сар /sar/ сар /sar/ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ /sara/ һара /hara/ sara /sara/ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ /sara/ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ /sɑrɑ/
Mother ээж /eːdʒ/ ээҗ /eːdʒ/ ᠡᠬᠡ /eke/ эхэ /exe/ ana /ana/ ᠡᠭᠡ /eke/ ᠡᠬᠡ /eχe/
Father аав /aːw/ аав /aːv/ ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ /et͡ʃiɡe/ эсэгэ /eseɡe/ ada /ada/ ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ /etʃiɡe/ ᠠᠪᠤ /ɑβu/
Eat идэх /idex/ иде /ide/ ᠢᠳᠡ- /ide-/ эдеэлхэ /edeːlxe/ idi- /idi/ ᠢᠳᠡ /ide/ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦ /ideχʉ/
Drink уух /uːx/ уу /uː/ ᠤᠭᠤ- /uɣu-/ ууха /uːxa/ uu- /uː/ ᠤᠭᠤ /uɣu/ ᠤᠤᠬᠤ /uːχu/
Page 1/3

Word order compared

Compare with major world languages

Mongolian
Би зочид буудлын эсрэг талын дэлгүүрт харсан хувцасаа өмсөж үзмээр байна
أنا أريد أن أجرب بدلة رأيتها في محل مقابل الفندق
试穿 酒店 对面的 商店 看到的 那套西装
I want to try on a suit I saw ‌in a shop across from the hotel
Ich möchte einen Anzug anprobieren den ich in einem Geschäft gegenüber vom Hotel gesehen habe
मैं होटल के सामने एक दुकान में देखा सूट को पहनकर देखना चाहता हूँ
私は ホテルの 向かいの お店 見た スーツを 試着 したいです
Я хочу примерить костюм который я увидел в магазине напротив отеля

Compare with closely-related languages

ᠪᠢ ᠵᠣᠴᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠰᠦᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ
Mongolian
Би зочид буудлын эсрэг талын дэлгүүрт харсан хувцасаа өмсөж үзмээр байна

Part of LangMap — a linguistic visualization project. This is a static, crawlable summary; the interactive maps offer pronunciation audio, filters, and a globe view.