English (AAVE)

Germanic

FamilyGermanic Speakers~30M ScriptLatin CountriesUSA (African American communities nationwide) Official inNo (sociolinguistic variety) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3eng

African American Vernacular English (AAVE) is a sociolinguistic variety of English with ~30M speakers in African American communities across the USA. Distinct grammatical features: habitual "be" (he be working = he habitually works), copula deletion (he tired), zero past tense -ed in some contexts, distinctive intonation patterns. Major influence on American popular culture, hip-hop. Linguistic legitimacy debated since the 1996 Oakland Ebonics Resolution.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in English (AAVE)

Water

water

/wɑːɾɚ/

Fire

fire

/faːɚ/

Sun

sun

/sʌn/

Moon

moon

/muːn/

Mother

mama

/mɑːmə/

Father

daddy

/dæɾi/

Eat

eat

/iːt/

Drink

drink

/dɹɪŋk/

Love

love

/lʌv/

Heart

heart

/hɑːɹt/

Tree

tree

/tɹiː/

House

house

/haʊs/

Dog

dog

/dɔːɡ/

Cat

cat

/kæt/

Hand

hand

/hæːnd/

Eye

eye

/aː/

Hello

what's up

/wʌts ʌp/

Thank you

thanks

/θæŋks/

One

one

/wʌn/

Good

good

/ɡʊd/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Germanic languages

Meaning English (AAVE)English (Appalachian)English (Southern US)EnglishHawaiian CreoleEnglish (Scottish)English (Australian)
Water water /wɑːɾɚ/ water /wɔːɾɚ/ water /wɔːɾɚ/ water /ˈwɔːtə/ wata /wɑtə/ water /wɔːtəɹ/ water /woːɾə/
Fire fire /faːɚ/ fire /faːɚ/ fire /faːɹ/ fire /faɪə/ faia /fɑɪə/ fire /faɪɹ/ fire /fɑːə/
Sun sun /sʌn/ sun /sʌn/ sun /sʌn/ sun /sʌn/ san /sɑn/ sun /sʌn/ sun /sɐn/
Moon moon /muːn/ moon /muːn/ moon /muːn/ moon /muːn/ mun /muːn/ moon /muːn/ moon /muːn/
Mother mama /mɑːmə/ mother /mʌðɚ/ mother /mʌðɚ/ mother /ˈmʌðə/ madda /mɑdə/ mother /mʌðəɹ/ mother /mɐðə/
Father daddy /dæɾi/ father /fɑːðɚ/ father /fɑːðɚ/ father /ˈfɑːðə/ fadda /fɑdə/ father /fɑːðəɹ/ father /fɐːðə/
Eat eat /iːt/ eat /iːt/ eat /iːt/ eat /iːt/ eat /iːt/ eat /iːt/ eat /iːt/
Drink drink /dɹɪŋk/ drink /dɹɪŋk/ drink /dɹɪŋk/ drink /dɹɪŋk/ drink /dɹɪŋk/ drink /dɹɪŋk/ drink /dɹɪŋk/
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Word order compared

Compare with major world languages

I want to try on a suit I saw ‌in a shop across from the hotel
English (AAVE)
I wanna try on a suit I seen ‌in a shop across from the hotel
Ich möchte einen Anzug anprobieren den ich in einem Geschäft gegenüber vom Hotel gesehen habe
أنا أريد أن أجرب بدلة رأيتها في محل مقابل الفندق
试穿 酒店 对面的 商店 看到的 那套西装
मैं होटल के सामने एक दुकान में देखा सूट को पहनकर देखना चाहता हूँ
私は ホテルの 向かいの お店 見た スーツを 試着 したいです
Я хочу примерить костюм который я увидел в магазине напротив отеля

Compare with closely-related languages

Ek wil 'n pak aanpas wat ek gesien het ‌in 'n winkel oorkant die hotel
Jeg vil prøve et jakkesæt som jeg i en butik overfor hotellet
Ik wil een pak passen dat ik zag ‌in een winkel tegenover het hotel
I want to try on a suit I saw ‌in a shop across from the hotel
English (AAVE)
I wanna try on a suit I seen ‌in a shop across from the hotel

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