Български

Bulgarian

Indo-European (Slavic, South)

FamilyIndo-European (Slavic, South) Speakers~7M ScriptCyrillic CountriesBulgaria, EU Official inBulgaria, EU Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3bul

Bulgarian (български език) is a South Slavic language with ~7M speakers, official in Bulgaria and the European Union. With Macedonian it forms the Eastern South Slavic group. Bulgarian is unusual among Slavic languages for losing the Slavic case system (only vocative remains) and developing a postposed definite article (книга "book" → книгата "the book") and an evidential mood. Old Bulgarian is the basis of Old Church Slavonic, written in the Glagolitic and Cyrillic alphabets developed by the disciples of Saints Cyril and Methodius.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Bulgarian

Water

вода

/vɔda/

Fire

огън

/ɔɡɤn/

Sun

слънце

/slɤnt͡sɛ/

Moon

луна

/luna/

Mother

майка

/majka/

Father

баща

/baʃta/

Eat

ям

/jam/

Drink

пия

/pijɐ/

Love

любов

/ljubɔf/

Heart

сърце

/sɤrt͡sɛ/

Tree

дърво

/dɤrvɔ/

House

къща

/kɤʃtɐ/

Dog

куче

/kut͡ʃɛ/

Cat

котка

/kɔtka/

Hand

ръка

/rɤka/

Eye

око

/ɔkɔ/

Hello

здравей

/zdravɛj/

Thank you

благодаря

/blaɡɔdarʲa/

One

един

/ɛdin/

Good

добър

/dɔbɤr/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Indo-European (Slavic, South) languages

Meaning BulgarianMacedonianPolishKashubianSlovenianUkrainianSilesian
Water вода /vɔda/ вода /ˈvɔda/ woda /ˈvɔda/ woda /ˈvɔda/ voda /voːda/ вода /vɔˈdɑ/ woda /ˈvɔda/
Fire огън /ɔɡɤn/ оган /ˈɔɡan/ ogień /ˈɔɡɛɲ/ ogniô /ˈɔɡɲɔ/ ogenj /oːɡənj/ вогонь /voˈɦonʲ/ ôgyń /ˈɔɡɨɲ/
Sun слънце /slɤnt͡sɛ/ сонце /ˈsɔnt͡sɛ/ słońce /ˈswɔɲt͡sɛ/ słuńce /ˈswuɲt͡sɛ/ sonce /soːnt͡sɛ/ сонце /sɔnt͡sɛ/ słōńce /ˈswɔɲt͡sɛ/
Moon луна /luna/ месечина /mɛˈsɛt͡ʃina/ księżyc /ˈkɕɛ̃ʐɨt͡s/ ksãżëc /ˈksɔ̃ʐɨt͡s/ luna /luːna/ місяць /ˈmʲisʲɑt͡sʲ/ miesiōnczek /mʲɛˈɕɔ̃t͡ʂɛk/
Mother майка /majka/ мајка /ˈmajka/ matka /ˈmatka/ mëma /ˈmɨma/ mati /maːti/ мати /mɑtɪ/ mamulka /maˈmulka/
Father баща /baʃta/ татко /ˈtatkɔ/ ojciec /ˈɔjt͡ɕɛt͡s/ tatk /tatk/ oče /oːt͡ʃɛ/ батько /bɑtʲkɔ/ fater /ˈfatɛr/
Eat ям /jam/ јаде /ˈjadɛ/ jeść /jɛɕt͡ɕ/ jesc /jɛst͡s/ jesti /jɛːsti/ їсти /jistɪ/ jeść /jɛɕt͡ɕ/
Drink пия /pijɐ/ пие /ˈpiɛ/ pić /pit͡ɕ/ pic /pit͡s/ piti /piːti/ пити /pɪtɪ/ pić /pit͡ɕ/
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Word order compared

Compare with major world languages

Bulgarian
Аз искам да пробвам костюм който видях в магазин срещу хотела
أنا أريد أن أجرب بدلة رأيتها في محل مقابل الفندق
试穿 酒店 对面的 商店 看到的 那套西装
I want to try on a suit I saw ‌in a shop across from the hotel
Ich möchte einen Anzug anprobieren den ich in einem Geschäft gegenüber vom Hotel gesehen habe
मैं होटल के सामने एक दुकान में देखा सूट को पहनकर देखना चाहता हूँ
私は ホテルの 向かいの お店 見た スーツを 試着 したいです
Я хочу примерить костюм который я увидел в магазине напротив отеля

Compare with closely-related languages

Bulgarian
Аз искам да пробвам костюм който видях в магазин срещу хотела
Unë dua ta provoj një kostum pashë një dyqan përballë hotelit
Ես ուզում եմ փորձել կոստում որ տեսա խանութում դիմաց հյուրանոցի
हम होटल के सामने दुकान में देखल सूट पहिन के देखे के चाहत बानी
I want to try on a suit I seen ‌in a shop across from the hotel

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