Tz'unun K'iche'

Uspantekisch

Mayan

SprachfamilieMayan Sprecher~5K (endangered) SchriftLatin LänderGuatemala Amtssprache inGuatemala Vitalitätdefinitely-endangered ISO 639-3usp

Uspanteko (autonymously Tz'unun K'iche', "the language of Uspantán") is a K'ichean Mayan language of the Cuchumatanes highlands of Guatemala, spoken by around 5,000 people primarily in the Uspantán municipality of El Quiché department. Uspanteko is famous in linguistic typology for being the only Mayan language with grammatical tone — most Mayan languages have lost their original Proto-Mayan tonal contrasts, but Uspanteko has innovated a new tonal system that is used for grammatical purposes (specifically, for marking perfective aspect on certain verbs). Linguistically, Uspanteko is part of the K'ichean branch alongside K'iche' (quc), Tz'utujil (tzj), Kaqchikel (cak), and Sakapulteko (skp), but with distinct phonological and lexical features. The Uspanteko community survived the 1980s Guatemalan Civil War genocide and have maintained their language through community isolation in the Cuchumatanes mountain valleys.

Wo es gesprochen wird

20 Kernwörter in Uspantekisch

Wasser

jaʼ

/haʔ/

Feuer

qʼaqʼ

/qʼaqʼ/

Sonne

qʼiij

/qʼiːh/

Mond

ikʼ

/ikʼ/

Mutter

nan

/nan/

Vater

tat

/tat/

Essen

waʼ

/waʔ/

Trinken

ukʼ

/ukʼ/

Liebe

lóqʼ

/lóqʼ/

Herz

kʼuʼx

/kʼuʔʃ/

Baum

cheʼ

/tʃeʔ/

Haus

jaa

/haː/

Hund

tzʼiʼ

/tsʼiʔ/

Katze

mis

/mis/

Hand

qʼab

/qʼab/

Auge

wach

/watʃ/

Hallo

saʼbʼal

/saʔbal/

Danke

maltyox

/maltjoʃ/

Eins

jun

/hun/

Gut

utz

/uts/

Quellen

Wörter im Vergleich

Verglichen mit verwandten Mayan-Sprachen

Bedeutung UspantekischKʼicheʼKaqchikelTojolabalItzá-MayaKlassisches MayaPocomchí
Wasser jaʼ /haʔ/ jaʼ /xaʔ/ yaʼ /jaʔ/ jaʼ /haʔ/ jaʼ /haʔ/ haʼ /haʔ/ haʼ /haʔ/
Feuer qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ kʼahkʼ /kʼahkʼ/ qʼaaq /qʼaːq/
Sonne qʼiij /qʼiːh/ qʼij /qʼix/ qʼij /qʼix/ kʼakʼu /kʼakʼu/ kʼin /kʼin/ kʼin /kʼin/ qʼij /qʼih/
Mond ikʼ /ikʼ/ ikʼ /ikʼ/ ikʼ /ikʼ/ ixaw /iʃaw/ uj /uh/ uh /uh/ ik /ik/
Mutter nan /nan/ nan /nan/ teʼ /teʔ/ nan /nan/ naʼ /naʔ/ naʼ /naʔ/ tuut /tuːt/
Vater tat /tat/ tat /tat/ tataʼ /tataʔ/ tat /tat/ tat /tat/ yuum /juːm/ ajaab /ahaːb/
Essen waʼ /waʔ/ tijow /tixow/ waʼin /waʔin/ waʼel /waʔel/ jant /hant/ wiʼij /wiʔiχ/ wai /wai/
Trinken ukʼ /ukʼ/ ukʼaaj /ukʼaːh/ kumun /kumun/ ukʼ /ukʼ/ ukʼ /ukʼ/ ukʼ /ukʼ/ uuk /uːk/
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