Tojol-ab'al

Tojolabal

Mayan

SprachfamilieMayan Sprecher~70K SchriftLatin LänderMexico Amtssprache inMexico Vitalitätvulnerable ISO 639-3toj

Tojolabal (autonymously Tojol-abʼal, "the true language") is a Mayan language of the Chujean sub-branch within the Q'anjob'alan-Chujean branch, spoken by around 70,000 people in the Las Margaritas and Comitán municipalities of Chiapas, Mexico, near the Guatemalan border. Linguistically, Tojolabal is most closely related to Chuj (cac) of Guatemala — the two are sometimes treated as a Chujean dialect cluster — and more distantly to the Q'anjob'alan languages (Q'anjob'al kjb, Akateko, Jakalteko). The Tojolabal community is known for its strong communal land-tenure tradition (the ejido system) and the political philosophy of the "nosotros" (we — Tojolabal lekilukʼ) which emphasizes collective subjectivity over individual identity. The 1994 Zapatista uprising in Chiapas brought significant attention to Tojolabal as one of the major Mayan languages of the autonomous-municipality region.

Wo es gesprochen wird

20 Kernwörter in Tojolabal

Wasser

jaʼ

/haʔ/

Feuer

kʼakʼ

/kʼakʼ/

Sonne

kʼakʼu

/kʼakʼu/

Mond

ixaw

/iʃaw/

Mutter

nan

/nan/

Vater

tat

/tat/

Essen

waʼel

/waʔel/

Trinken

ukʼ

/ukʼ/

Liebe

skʼana

/skʼana/

Herz

alma

/alma/

Baum

teʼ

/teʔ/

Haus

naj

/nah/

Hund

tsʼiʼ

/tsʼiʔ/

Katze

mis

/mis/

Hand

kʼabʼ

/kʼaɓ/

Auge

satej

/sateh/

Hallo

lekilukʼ

/lekilukʼ/

Danke

yuj

/juh/

Eins

jun

/hun/

Gut

lek

/lek/

Quellen

Wörter im Vergleich

Verglichen mit verwandten Mayan-Sprachen

Bedeutung TojolabalTzotzilTzeltalUspantekischKanjobalItzá-MayaTabasco-Chontal
Wasser jaʼ /haʔ/ voʼ /voʔ/ jaʼ /xaʔ/ jaʼ /haʔ/ haʼ /haʔ/ jaʼ /haʔ/ jaʼ /haʔ/
Feuer kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ kʼokʼ /kʼokʼ/ kʼaal /kʼaːl/ qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ qʼaʼ /qʼaʔ/ kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/
Sonne kʼakʼu /kʼakʼu/ kʼakʼal /kʼakʼal/ kʼajkʼal /kʼaxkʼal/ qʼiij /qʼiːh/ kʼuʼ /kʼuʔ/ kʼin /kʼin/ kʼin /kʼin/
Mond ixaw /iʃaw/ u /u/ u /u/ ikʼ /ikʼ/ ixaw /iʃaw/ uj /uh/ ä /æ/
Mutter nan /nan/ meʼ /meʔ/ meʼ /meʔ/ nan /nan/ mim /mim/ naʼ /naʔ/ naʼ /naʔ/
Vater tat /tat/ tot /tot/ tat /tat/ tat /tat/ mam /mam/ tat /tat/ tat /tat/
Essen waʼel /waʔel/ veʼel /veʔel/ weʼel /weʔel/ waʼ /waʔ/ lo /lo/ jant /hant/ weʼ /weʔ/
Trinken ukʼ /ukʼ/ uchʼ /utʃʼ/ uchʼel /utʃʼel/ ukʼ /ukʼ/ uku /uku/ ukʼ /ukʼ/ ukʼe /ukʼe/
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