Pulik'la'
尤羅克語
Algic
Yurok (Pulik'la') is one of the two surviving members of the Algic family's "Ritwan" branch (the other being Wiyot, now extinct as L1 since 1962). The Algic family comprises Algonquian (~30 living languages of eastern/central North America), Wiyot, and Yurok — Yurok and Wiyot were spoken in northwestern California, vast distances from the main Algonquian homelands, posing one of the great puzzles of historical linguistics. Modern Yurok is an active language revitalization success story: tribal language programs, the Yurok Tribal Court (which conducts proceedings partly in Yurok), and the Hoopa Valley High School Yurok program produce ~50 young speakers. Linguistically, Yurok preserves classic Algic features (animate-inanimate noun gender, polysynthetic verbs) but shows considerable divergence from Algonquian.
使用地區
尤羅克語嘅20個核心詞
水
paaʼ
/paːʔ/
火
meʼlonok
/meʔlonok/
日頭
woygey
/wojɡej/
月光
tepoo
/tepoː/
母親
nepuy
/nepuj/
父親
nopew
/nopew/
食
kepoyi
/kepoji/
飲
kewolepi
/kewolepi/
愛
choʼomi
/tʃoʔomi/
心
skoʼol
/skoʔol/
樹
kʼepoy
/kʼepoj/
屋
kerwer
/kerwer/
狗
chishʼah
/tʃiʃʔah/
貓
putuy
/putuj/
手
mehl
/mehl/
眼
lekwsh
/lekwʃ/
你好
aiy-yue-kwee
/aj-juːkweː/
多謝
wokhlew
/wokʰlew/
一
kohchew
/kohtʃew/
好
skuyahl
/skujahl/
來源
單詞比較
同Algic相關語言比較
| 意思 | 尤羅克語 | 克查語 | 米斯特佩克米斯特克語 | 米斯特克語 | 納瓦特語 | 梅特拉托諾克米斯特克語 | 維拉里卡語 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 水 | paaʼ /paːʔ/ | haʼ /haʔ/ | ndute /nduteʔ/ | ndute /nduteʔ/ | at /at/ | ndute /nduteʔ/ | ha /ha/ |
| 火 | meʼlonok /meʔlonok/ | xam /ʃam/ | ñu'u /ɲuʔu/ | ñu'u /ɲuʔu/ | tit /tit/ | ñu'un /ɲuʔun/ | tai /tai/ |
| 日頭 | woygey /wojɡej/ | saqʼe /saqʼe/ | nikan /nikan/ | nikandii /nikandiː/ | tunal /tunal/ | nikandii /nikandiː/ | tau /tau/ |
| 月光 | tepoo /tepoː/ | poo /poː/ | yoo /joː/ | yoo /joː/ | metsti /metsti/ | yoo /joː/ | metsa /metsa/ |
| 母親 | nepuy /nepuj/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | na'án /naʔán/ | na'án /naʔán/ | nan /nan/ | na'án /naʔán/ | nana /nana/ |
| 父親 | nopew /nopew/ | yuwaʼ /juwaʔ/ | tatá /tatá/ | tatá /tatá/ | tat /tat/ | tatá /tatá/ | yawe /jawe/ |
| 食 | kepoyi /kepoji/ | taawaʼ /tawaʔ/ | kashi /kaʃi/ | kasi /kasi/ | takwa /takwa/ | kasi /kasi/ | kuye /kuje/ |
| 飲 | kewolepi /kewolepi/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | kohó /koʔó/ | kohó /koʔó/ | ati /ati/ | kohó /koʔó/ | hi'eka /hiʔeka/ |
| 愛 | choʼomi /tʃoʔomi/ | rahok /rahok/ | kúu ini /kúu iniʔ/ | kúu ini /kúu iniʔ/ | nesa /nesa/ | kunduu ini /kundúː iniʔ/ | kanenki /kanenki/ |
| 心 | skoʼol /skoʔol/ | chʼoolej /tʃʼoːlej/ | ini /iniʔ/ | ini /iniʔ/ | yulu /julu/ | ini /iniʔ/ | iyari /ijari/ |
| 樹 | kʼepoy /kʼepoj/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | yutu /jutu/ | yutu /jutu/ | kwawit /kʷawit/ | itun /itun/ | kiyé /kije/ |
| 屋 | kerwer /kerwer/ | ochoch /otʃotʃ/ | veʔe /veʔe/ | ve'e /βeʔe/ | kal /kal/ | ve'e /βeʔe/ | ki /ki/ |
| 狗 | chishʼah /tʃiʃʔah/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | ina /ina/ | tina /tina/ | chichi /tʃitʃi/ | tina /tina/ | tsïkï /tsɨkɨ/ |
| 貓 | putuy /putuj/ | mes /mes/ | vilú /vilú/ | vilú /βilú/ | mishin /miʃin/ | vilu /βilu/ | mitsu /mitsu/ |
| 手 | mehl /mehl/ | ruqʼ /ruqʼ/ | ndo'ó /ndoʔó/ | ndo'ó /ndoʔó/ | mey /mei/ | nda'a /ndaʔa/ | mama /mama/ |
| 眼 | lekwsh /lekwʃ/ | xnaqʼ ru /ʃnaqʼ ru/ | nduchi /ndutʃi/ | nduchi /ndutʃi/ | ish /iʃ/ | nduchi /ndutʃi/ | tukite /tukite/ |
| 你好 | aiy-yue-kwee /aj-juːkweː/ | ma saʼ laachʼool /ma sa laːtʃʼoːl/ | nasáa /nasáː/ | nasáa /nasáː/ | ne pakua /ne pakwa/ | sa'a /saʔa/ | kekuanenki /kekwanenki/ |
| 多謝 | wokhlew /wokʰlew/ | bantyox /bantjoʃ/ | tachu'un /tatʃuʔun/ | tachu'un /tatʃuʔun/ | padiush /padjuʃ/ | tatu'un /tatuʔun/ | pa'iwakaitsie /paʔiwakaitsje/ |
| 一 | kohchew /kohtʃew/ | jun /hun/ | in /iʔn/ | in /iʔn/ | se /se/ | i'in /iʔin/ | xevi /ʃevi/ |
| 好 | skuyahl /skujahl/ | us /us/ | vaha /vahaʔ/ | vate /βate/ | kwahli /kʷahli/ | vaha /vahaʔ/ | waxa /waʃa/ |
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