Wixárika niukieya
Wixárika
Uto-Aztecan
Wixárika (Huichol, autonymously Wixárika niukieya) is a Uto-Aztecan language of the Corachol sub-branch, spoken by around 50,000 people in the Sierra Madre Occidental highlands of western Mexico (Jalisco, Nayarit, Durango, Zacatecas). The Wixárika are famous for their elaborately preserved indigenous religion centered on peyote pilgrimages to the sacred site of Wirikuta in San Luis Potosí — one of the most well-documented surviving non-Christian indigenous religious traditions of Mesoamerica. Linguistically, Wixárika is most closely related to Cora (crn) — its sister Corachol language — but quite distinct from the Nahuan languages (Nahuatl varieties nci, nch, nhe, etc.) and the Numic languages (Comanche, Shoshone, Paiute) that occupy the northern arms of Uto-Aztecan. The language is unusually vibrant for an indigenous language of Mexico, with intact transmission to children and active community use in markets, ceremonies, and pilgrimages.
Où elle est parlée
20 mots essentiels en Wixárika
Eau
ha
/ha/
Feu
tai
/tai/
Soleil
tau
/tau/
Lune
metsa
/metsa/
Mère
nana
/nana/
Père
yawe
/jawe/
Manger
kuye
/kuje/
Boire
hi'eka
/hiʔeka/
Amour
kanenki
/kanenki/
Cœur
iyari
/ijari/
Arbre
kiyé
/kije/
Maison
ki
/ki/
Chien
tsïkï
/tsɨkɨ/
Chat
mitsu
/mitsu/
Main
mama
/mama/
Œil
tukite
/tukite/
Bonjour
kekuanenki
/kekwanenki/
Merci
pa'iwakaitsie
/paʔiwakaitsje/
Un
xevi
/ʃevi/
Bon
waxa
/waʃa/
Sources
Mots comparés
Comparé aux langues Uto-Aztecan apparentées
| Sens | Wixárika | Cora | Nahuatl de l'isthme | Pipil | Nahuatl huastéca central | Nahuatl huastéca occidental | gilbertin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | ha /ha/ | hapɨn /hapɨn/ | ahtli /aʔtli/ | at /at/ | atl /atɬ/ | atl /atɬ/ | ran /ɾan/ |
| Feu | tai /tai/ | ta'ai /taʔai/ | tit /tit/ | tit /tit/ | tlitl /tɬitɬ/ | tlitl /tɬitɬ/ | ai /ai/ |
| Soleil | tau /tau/ | tahaapuá /tahaːpwa/ | tonal /tonal/ | tunal /tunal/ | tonati /tonati/ | tonati /tonati/ | tai /tai/ |
| Lune | metsa /metsa/ | mɨhka /mɨhka/ | metz /mets/ | metsti /metsti/ | metztli /metstɬi/ | metztli /metstɬi/ | namwakaina /namʷakaina/ |
| Mère | nana /nana/ | naana /naːna/ | nan /nan/ | nan /nan/ | nana /nana/ | nana /nana/ | tinau /tinau/ |
| Père | yawe /jawe/ | hahuá /hahwa/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | tata /tata/ | tata /tata/ | tamau /tamau/ |
| Manger | kuye /kuje/ | kuá /kwa/ | tacua /takʷa/ | takwa /takwa/ | tlacua /tɬakʷa/ | tlacua /tɬakʷa/ | amwarake /amʷaɾake/ |
| Boire | hi'eka /hiʔeka/ | hi'i /hiʔi/ | ati /ati/ | ati /ati/ | atli /atɬi/ | atli /atɬi/ | nima /nima/ |
| Amour | kanenki /kanenki/ | ka'na /kaʔna/ | nech-nequi /netʃneki/ | nesa /nesa/ | tlazohtla /tɬasoʔtɬa/ | tlazohtla /tɬasoʔtɬa/ | tangira /taŋiɾa/ |
| Cœur | iyari /ijari/ | hɨurí /hɨuri/ | yolio /jolio/ | yulu /julu/ | yollotl /jolːotɬ/ | yollotl /jolːotɬ/ | nano /nano/ |
| Arbre | kiyé /kije/ | kɨré /kɨre/ | cuahuit /kʷawit/ | kwawit /kʷawit/ | cuahuitl /kʷawitl/ | cuahuitl /kʷawitl/ | kai /kai/ |
| Maison | ki /ki/ | kíh /kih/ | cali /kali/ | kal /kal/ | calli /kalːi/ | calli /kalːi/ | auti /auti/ |
| Chien | tsïkï /tsɨkɨ/ | tsɨ'ɨ /tsɨʔɨ/ | itzcuintli /itskʷintli/ | chichi /tʃitʃi/ | itzcuintli /itskʷintli/ | itzcuintli /itskʷintli/ | kamea /kamea/ |
| Chat | mitsu /mitsu/ | mistú /mistu/ | miston /miston/ | mishin /miʃin/ | mizton /miston/ | mizton /miston/ | katu /katu/ |
| Main | mama /mama/ | mam /mam/ | mahuit /mawit/ | mey /mei/ | maitl /maitl/ | maitl /maitl/ | bai /bai/ |
| Œil | tukite /tukite/ | húi /hwi/ | ix /iʃ/ | ish /iʃ/ | ixtli /iʃtli/ | ixtli /iʃtli/ | mata /mata/ |
| Bonjour | kekuanenki /kekwanenki/ | ke'kuanenki /keʔkwanenki/ | niltze /niltse/ | ne pakua /ne pakwa/ | niltze /niltse/ | niltze /niltse/ | mauri /mauɾi/ |
| Merci | pa'iwakaitsie /paʔiwakaitsje/ | atsipiraá /atsipiraː/ | tlazohcamati /tlasoʔkamati/ | padiush /padjuʃ/ | tlazohcamati /tɬasoʔkamati/ | tlazohcamati /tɬasoʔkamati/ | ko rabwa /ko ɾabʷa/ |
| Un | xevi /ʃevi/ | cei /tsei/ | ce /se/ | se /se/ | ce /se/ | ce /se/ | teuana /teuana/ |
| Bon | waxa /waʃa/ | huá'i /hwaʔi/ | cualli /kʷalːi/ | kwahli /kʷahli/ | cualli /kʷalːi/ | cualli /kʷalːi/ | raoiroi /ɾaoiɾoi/ |
Fait partie de LangMap — un projet de visualisation linguistique. Ceci est un résumé statique et explorable ; les cartes interactives offrent l’audio de prononciation, des filtres et une vue globe.