Tz'unun K'iche'

Uspanteko

Mayan

FamiliaMayan Hablantes~5K (endangered) EscrituraLatin PaísesGuatemala Lengua oficialGuatemala Vitalidaddefinitely-endangered ISO 639-3usp

Uspanteko (autonymously Tz'unun K'iche', "the language of Uspantán") is a K'ichean Mayan language of the Cuchumatanes highlands of Guatemala, spoken by around 5,000 people primarily in the Uspantán municipality of El Quiché department. Uspanteko is famous in linguistic typology for being the only Mayan language with grammatical tone — most Mayan languages have lost their original Proto-Mayan tonal contrasts, but Uspanteko has innovated a new tonal system that is used for grammatical purposes (specifically, for marking perfective aspect on certain verbs). Linguistically, Uspanteko is part of the K'ichean branch alongside K'iche' (quc), Tz'utujil (tzj), Kaqchikel (cak), and Sakapulteko (skp), but with distinct phonological and lexical features. The Uspanteko community survived the 1980s Guatemalan Civil War genocide and have maintained their language through community isolation in the Cuchumatanes mountain valleys.

Dónde se habla

20 palabras esenciales en Uspanteko

Agua

jaʼ

/haʔ/

Fuego

qʼaqʼ

/qʼaqʼ/

Sol

qʼiij

/qʼiːh/

Luna

ikʼ

/ikʼ/

Madre

nan

/nan/

Padre

tat

/tat/

Comer

waʼ

/waʔ/

Beber

ukʼ

/ukʼ/

Amor

lóqʼ

/lóqʼ/

Corazón

kʼuʼx

/kʼuʔʃ/

Árbol

cheʼ

/tʃeʔ/

Casa

jaa

/haː/

Perro

tzʼiʼ

/tsʼiʔ/

Gato

mis

/mis/

Mano

qʼab

/qʼab/

Ojo

wach

/watʃ/

Hola

saʼbʼal

/saʔbal/

Gracias

maltyox

/maltjoʃ/

Uno

jun

/hun/

Bueno

utz

/uts/

Fuentes

Palabras comparadas

Comparado con lenguas Mayan relacionadas

Significado UspantekokʼicheʼKaqchikelTojolabalItzá MayaMaya clásicoPoqomchi'
Agua jaʼ /haʔ/ jaʼ /xaʔ/ yaʼ /jaʔ/ jaʼ /haʔ/ jaʼ /haʔ/ haʼ /haʔ/ haʼ /haʔ/
Fuego qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ kʼahkʼ /kʼahkʼ/ qʼaaq /qʼaːq/
Sol qʼiij /qʼiːh/ qʼij /qʼix/ qʼij /qʼix/ kʼakʼu /kʼakʼu/ kʼin /kʼin/ kʼin /kʼin/ qʼij /qʼih/
Luna ikʼ /ikʼ/ ikʼ /ikʼ/ ikʼ /ikʼ/ ixaw /iʃaw/ uj /uh/ uh /uh/ ik /ik/
Madre nan /nan/ nan /nan/ teʼ /teʔ/ nan /nan/ naʼ /naʔ/ naʼ /naʔ/ tuut /tuːt/
Padre tat /tat/ tat /tat/ tataʼ /tataʔ/ tat /tat/ tat /tat/ yuum /juːm/ ajaab /ahaːb/
Comer waʼ /waʔ/ tijow /tixow/ waʼin /waʔin/ waʼel /waʔel/ jant /hant/ wiʼij /wiʔiχ/ wai /wai/
Beber ukʼ /ukʼ/ ukʼaaj /ukʼaːh/ kumun /kumun/ ukʼ /ukʼ/ ukʼ /ukʼ/ ukʼ /ukʼ/ uuk /uːk/
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