Ixil

Mayan (Mamean, Greater Mamean — Ixilan)

FamiliaMayan (Mamean, Greater Mamean — Ixilan) Hablantes~70K EscrituraLatin (1987 ALMG standard, with apostrophe ' for ejection) PaísesGuatemala (Quiché — Nebaj, Chajul, San Juan Cotzal — known as Ixil Triangle) Lengua oficialGuatemala (recognized national language since 2003 Languages Law) Vitalidadvulnerable ISO 639-3ixl

Ixil is a Mamean Mayan language of the Cuchumatanes mountains in northwestern Guatemala, spoken in the three towns Nebaj, Chajul, and San Juan Cotzal known as the "Ixil Triangle". The Ixil people were among the most heavily targeted communities during the Guatemalan Civil War (1960-1996); approximately 8% of the Ixil population were killed during the early-1980s genocide under General Ríos Montt — convicted of genocide against the Ixil in 2013 (verdict overturned but conviction historically affirmed). Three principal varieties: Nebaj (most documented), Chajul, and Cotzal. Ergative-absolutive alignment, complex aspectual verb morphology.

Dónde se habla

20 palabras esenciales en Ixil

Agua

/aʔ/

Fuego

tzaʼ

/tsaʔ/

Sol

qʼii

/qʼiː/

Luna

ich

/itʃ/

Madre

naʼ

/naʔ/

Padre

baʼ

/baʔ/

Comer

tzaʼbʼi

/tsaʔɓi/

Beber

ucha

/utʃa/

Amor

kuxhewchʼa

/kuʃewtʃʼa/

Corazón

vatzʼ

/vatsʼ/

Árbol

tze

/tse/

Casa

kabʼal

/kaɓal/

Perro

txʼiʼ

/tʃʼiʔ/

Gato

mees

/meːs/

Mano

qʼabʼ

/qʼaɓ/

Ojo

vusal

/vusal/

Hola

nimaʼla kuxhewchʼa

/nimaʔla kuʃewtʃʼa/

Gracias

tantixh

/tantiʃ/

Uno

jun

/hun/

Bueno

utzʼ

/utsʼ/

Fuentes

Palabras comparadas

Comparado con lenguas Mayan (Mamean, Greater Mamean — Ixilan) relacionadas

Significado IxilUspantekokʼicheʼKaqchikelAguacatecoqʼeqchiʼmam
Agua /aʔ/ jaʼ /haʔ/ jaʼ /xaʔ/ yaʼ /jaʔ/ /aʔ/ haʼ /haʔ/ /aʔ/
Fuego tzaʼ /tsaʔ/ qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ qʼaq /qʼaq/ xam /ʃam/ qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/
Sol qʼii /qʼiː/ qʼiij /qʼiːh/ qʼij /qʼix/ qʼij /qʼix/ qʼijl /qʼihl/ saqʼe /saqʼe/ qʼij /qʼih/
Luna ich /itʃ/ ikʼ /ikʼ/ ikʼ /ikʼ/ ikʼ /ikʼ/ xahaw /ʃahaw/ poo /poː/ xjaw /ʃaw/
Madre naʼ /naʔ/ nan /nan/ nan /nan/ teʼ /teʔ/ naa /naː/ naʼ /naʔ/ nan /nan/
Padre baʼ /baʔ/ tat /tat/ tat /tat/ tataʼ /tataʔ/ mam /mam/ yuwaʼ /juwaʔ/ mam /mam/
Comer tzaʼbʼi /tsaʔɓi/ waʼ /waʔ/ tijow /tixow/ waʼin /waʔin/ wii /wiː/ taawaʼ /tawaʔ/ waan /waːn/
Beber ucha /utʃa/ ukʼ /ukʼ/ ukʼaaj /ukʼaːh/ kumun /kumun/ uuk /uːk/ ukʼ /ukʼ/ kʼaan /kʼaːn/
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