Soomaali

Somali

Cushitic

FamilyCushitic Speakers~22M ScriptLatin CountriesSomalia, Ethiopia (Somali Region), Kenya, Djibouti Official inSomalia, Somaliland, Ethiopia (regional Somali Region), Djibouti Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3som

Somali (Soomaali) is an East Cushitic language with ~22M speakers — sole official language of Somalia, official in Somaliland, regional in Ethiopia's Somali Region, and one of Djibouti's working languages. Latin orthography (Latiin) standardized 1972 under Siyaad Barre regime. Distinguished by tonal accent (high/low), pharyngeal consonants, and SOV typology with focus markers.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Somali

Water

biyo

/bijo/

Fire

dab

/dab/

Sun

qorrax

/qɔɾːaħ/

Moon

dayax

/dajaħ/

Mother

hooyo

/hoːjo/

Father

aabo

/aːbo/

Eat

cun

/ʕun/

Drink

cab

/ʕab/

Love

jacayl

/dʒaʕajl/

Heart

wadne

/wadnɛ/

Tree

geed

/ɡeːd/

House

guri

/ɡuɾi/

Dog

eey

/eːj/

Cat

bisad

/bisad/

Hand

gacan

/ɡaʕan/

Eye

il

/il/

Hello

salaan

/salaːn/

Thank you

mahadsanid

/mahadsanid/

One

kow

/kow/

Good

wanaagsan

/wanaːɡsan/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Cushitic languages

Meaning SomaliMagahiAngikaSahoMandinkaOromoInupiaq
Water biyo /bijo/ पानी /paːni/ पानी /paːniː/ lee /leː/ jiyo /dʒijo/ bishaan /biʃaːn/ imiq /imiq/
Fire dab /dab/ आग /aːɡ/ आग /aːɡ/ gira /ɡira/ dimbaa /dimbaː/ ibidda /ibidːa/ igniq /iɡniq/
Sun qorrax /qɔɾːaħ/ सूरज /suːraj/ सूरज /suːrədʒ/ ayro /ajɾo/ tilo /tilo/ aduu /aduː/ siqiñiq /siqiŋiq/
Moon dayax /dajaħ/ चान /tʃaːn/ चान /tʃaːn/ alsa /alsa/ karoo /karoː/ jiʼa /dʒiʔa/ tatqiq /tatqiq/
Mother hooyo /hoːjo/ माय /maːj/ मय /maj/ ina /ina/ baa /baː/ haadha /haːɗa/ aaka /aːka/
Father aabo /aːbo/ बाबू /baːbuː/ बाबू /baːbuː/ abba /abba/ faa /faː/ abbaa /abːaː/ aapa /aːpa/
Eat cun /ʕun/ खैना /kʰaiːnaː/ खाएक /kʰaːek/ niitan /niːtan/ domo /domo/ nyaachuu /ɲaːtʃuː/ niġiruq /niʁiruq/
Drink cab /ʕab/ पीना /piːnaː/ पीयक /piːjak/ yaaqab /jaːʕab/ miŋ /miŋ/ dhuguu /ɗuɡuː/ imiġuq /imiʁuq/
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Word order compared

Compare with major world languages

Somali
Waxaan rabaa in aan isku eego sharci aan arkay dukaan ka soo horjeeda hotelka
أنا أريد أن أجرب بدلة رأيتها في محل مقابل الفندق
试穿 酒店 对面的 商店 看到的 那套西装
I want to try on a suit I saw ‌in a shop across from the hotel
Ich möchte einen Anzug anprobieren den ich in einem Geschäft gegenüber vom Hotel gesehen habe
मैं होटल के सामने एक दुकान में देखा सूट को पहनकर देखना चाहता हूँ
私は ホテルの 向かいの お店 見た スーツを 試着 したいです
Я хочу примерить костюм который я увидел в магазине напротив отеля

Compare with closely-related languages

An uffata hoteela fuuldura suuqii keessatti argee ofkoluuf ilaaluu barbaada
Somali
Waxaan rabaa in aan isku eego sharci aan arkay dukaan ka soo horjeeda hotelka

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