Sidaamu Afoo

Sidamo

Afro-Asiatic (Cushitic, Highland East)

FamilyAfro-Asiatic (Cushitic, Highland East) Speakers~3M ScriptLatin (post-1993 standardized) CountriesEthiopia (Sidama Region, formed 2020) Official inEthiopia (working language of Sidama Region) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3sid

Sidamo (Sidaama) is the largest Highland East Cushitic language, spoken by ~3M in Ethiopia's newly formed Sidama Region (split from SNNPR in 2020). Closely related to Hadiyya, Kambaata, and Gedeo. Features ejective consonants, glottalised stops, complex case marking, and SOV word order. The Sidama people are renowned coffee cultivators of southern Ethiopia. Uses Latin orthography developed in the 1990s for primary education and the regional Sidaamu Afoo broadcasting system.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Sidamo

Water

waayyo

/waːjːo/

Fire

giiraa

/ɡiːraː/

Sun

arrishshe

/arːiʃːe/

Moon

agana

/aɡana/

Mother

ama

/ama/

Father

anna

/anːa/

Eat

itaa

/itaː/

Drink

aguraa

/aɡuraː/

Love

baxa

/baxa/

Heart

wodanaa

/wodanaː/

Tree

haqqe

/haqːe/

House

mine

/mine/

Dog

minceeti

/mintʃeːti/

Cat

adurree

/adurːeː/

Hand

anga

/anɡa/

Eye

ille

/ilːe/

Hello

nagaa yi'ne

/naɡaː jiʔne/

Thank you

gali'ne

/ɡaliʔne/

One

mitto

/mitːo/

Good

danchu

/dantʃu/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Afro-Asiatic (Cushitic, Highland East) languages

Meaning SidamoGedeoKonsoOromoWolayttaDaasanachIrula
Water waayyo /waːjːo/ woyye /wojːe/ inanta /inanta/ bishaan /biʃaːn/ haatta /haːtːa/ no /no/ nīr /niːɾ/
Fire giiraa /ɡiːraː/ gira /ɡiɾa/ iya /ija/ ibidda /ibidːa/ tama /tama/ mes /mes/ /tiː/
Sun arrishshe /arːiʃːe/ ayyaʼne /ajːaʔne/ kawa /kawa/ aduu /aduː/ awa /awa/ sicho /sitʃo/ čūriyen /tʃuːɾijen/
Moon agana /aɡana/ agina /aɡina/ ayeena /ajeːna/ jiʼa /dʒiʔa/ ageena /aɡeːna/ mar /mar/ niLā /niɭaː/
Mother ama /ama/ aaki /aːki/ eedda /eːdːa/ haadha /haːɗa/ aaya /aːja/ waana /waːna/ ammā /amːaː/
Father anna /anːa/ eke /eke/ abba /abːa/ abbaa /abːaː/ aawa /aːwa/ kaaba /kaːba/ ayyā /ajːaː/
Eat itaa /itaː/ ittu /itːu/ ihaa /ihaː/ nyaachuu /ɲaːtʃuː/ miya /miːja/ icho /itʃo/ činnu /tʃinːu/
Drink aguraa /aɡuraː/ agittu /aɡitːu/ inakkaa /inakːaː/ dhuguu /ɗuɡuː/ ushiya /uʃija/ ʔurro /ʔuro/ kuDi /kuɖi/
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