Batsʼil kʼop
Kitzeltal
Kimaya (Cholan-Tseltalan)
Tzeltal (Bats'il kʼop, "lugha ya kweli") ni lugha ya Kimaya ya tawi la Tseltalan, inayozungumzwa katika nyanda za juu za Chiapas, Mexico, ikiwa na wazungumzaji ~600,000 — dada wa Tzotzil ndani ya tawi la Tseltalan. Ni lugha ya Kimaya yenye wazungumzaji wengi zaidi wa L1 nchini Mexico baada ya Kimaya cha Yucatec. Wamaya wa Tzeltal wamejilimbikiza katika eneo la Los Altos (eneo la San Cristóbal de las Casas), wakiwa na jamii mashuhuri katika Oxchuc, Tenejapa, Bachajón, na miji mingine. Kila mji una lahaja yake. Inatambuliwa kama lugha ya kitaifa ya Mexico (sheria ya 2003). Ina mfumo wa kawaida wa Kimaya wa hali ya ergative-absolutive, viashiria vya nafsi, na mofolojia tajiri ya aspekti ya vitenzi. Maandishi ya Kilatini hutumia alama ya kibainishi kwa ajili ya sauti za ejective.
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 31 ya msingi katika Kitzeltal
Maji
jaʼ
/haʔ/
Moto
kʼajkʼ
/kʼahkʼ/
Jua
kʼajkʼal
/kʼahkʼal/
Mwezi
u
/u/
Nyota
ekʼ
/ekʼ/
Mama
meʼ
/meʔ/
Baba
tat
/tat/
Mimi
joʼon
/hoʔon/
Wewe
jaʼat
/haʔat/
Jina
biil
/ɓiːl/
Jicho
sit
/sit/
Mkono
kʼab
/kʼab/
Moyo
oʼtan
/oʔtan/
Upendo
kʼanbey
/kʼanbej/
Mti
teʼ
/teʔ/
Nyumba
na
/na/
Mbwa
tsʼiʼ
/tsʼiʔ/
Paka
mis
/mis/
Kula
weʼel
/weʔel/
Kunywa
uchʼel
/utʃʼel/
Moja
jun
/xun/
Mbili
cheb
/tʃeb/
Habari
banti winik
/banti winik/
Asante
wokol awal
/wokol awal/
Nzuri
lek
/lek/
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Mayan (Cholan-Tseltalan) zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kitzeltal | Kitzotzil | Kitojolabal | Kichontal cha Tabasco | Kichol | Kiitza | Kimaya cha Kale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | jaʼ /haʔ/ | voʼ /voʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | haʼ /haʔ/ |
| Moto | kʼajkʼ /kʼahkʼ/ | kʼokʼ /kʼokʼ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼajk /kʼahk/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼahkʼ /kʼahkʼ/ |
| Jua | kʼajkʼal /kʼahkʼal/ | kʼakʼal /kʼakʼal/ | kʼakʼu /kʼakʼu/ | kʼin /kʼin/ | kʼiñ /kʼiɲ/ | kʼin /kʼin/ | kʼin /kʼin/ |
| Mwezi | u /u/ | u /u/ | ixaw /iʃaw/ | ä /æ/ | uw /uw/ | uj /uh/ | uh /uh/ |
| Nyota | ekʼ /ekʼ/ | kʼanal /kʼanal/ | kʼanal /kʼanal/ | ekʼ /ʔekʼ/ | ekʼ /ʔekʼ/ | ekʼ /ekʼ/ | ek' /eːkʼ/ |
| Mama | meʼ /meʔ/ | meʼ /meʔ/ | nan /nan/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | ñaʼ /ɲaʔ/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | naʼ /naʔ/ |
| Baba | tat /tat/ | tot /tot/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | yuum /juːm/ |
| Mimi | joʼon /hoʔon/ | voʼon /voʔon/ | keʼn /keʔn/ | noʼon /noʔon/ | joñoñ /hoɲoɲ/ | ten /ten/ | hiin /hiːn/ |
| Wewe | jaʼat /haʔat/ | voʼot /voʔot/ | weʼn /weʔn/ | neʼet /neʔet/ | jatyet /hatʲet/ | tech /tetʃ/ | hat /hat/ |
| Jina | biil /ɓiːl/ | biil /ɓiːl/ | bʼiʼil /ɓiʔil/ | kʼabaʼ /kʼaɓaʔ/ | kʼabaʼ /kʼaɓaʔ/ | kʼabaʼ /kʼaɓaʔ/ | k'aba' /kʼaˈɓaʔ/ |
| Jicho | sit /sit/ | sat /sat/ | satej /sateh/ | wich /witʃ/ | wut /wut/ | ich /itʃ/ | ich /itʃ/ |
| Mkono | kʼab /kʼab/ | kʼob /kʼob/ | kʼabʼ /kʼaɓ/ | kʼä /kʼæ/ | kʼabʼ /kʼaɓ/ | kʼab /kʼab/ | kʼab /kʼab/ |
| Moyo | oʼtan /oʔtan/ | oʼon /oʔon/ | altzil /altsil/ | pixan /piʃan/ | pusʼikʼal /pusʼikʼal/ | pukʼsikʼal /pukʼsikʼal/ | pixan /piʃan/ |
| Upendo | kʼanbey /kʼanbej/ | kʼanel /kʼanel/ | skʼana /skʼana/ | kʼuxbe /kʼuʃbe/ | kʼuxbiñ /kʼuʃbiɲ/ | yakunti /jakunti/ | yaah /jaːh/ |
| Mti | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ |
| Nyumba | na /na/ | na /na/ | naj /nah/ | otot /otot/ | otyot /otjot/ | nah /nah/ | otoch /otoːtʃ/ |
| Mbwa | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | pekʼ /pekʼ/ | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | pekʼ /pekʼ/ | peekʼ /peːkʼ/ |
| Paka | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | miis /miːs/ |
| Kula | weʼel /weʔel/ | veʼel /veʔel/ | waʼel /waʔel/ | weʼ /weʔ/ | kʼux /kʼuʃ/ | jant /hant/ | weʼ /weʔ/ |
| Kunywa | uchʼel /utʃʼel/ | uchʼ /utʃʼ/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | ukʼe /ukʼe/ | ucʼ /utsʼ/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ |
| Moja | jun /xun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | un /un/ | juñ /huɲ/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ |
| Mbili | cheb /tʃeb/ | chib /tʃiɓ/ | chabʼ /tʃaɓ/ | chaʼ /tʃaʔ/ | chaʼ /tʃaʔ/ | kaʼ /kaʔ/ | cha' /tʃaʔ/ |
| Habari | banti winik /banti winik/ | kʼusi avokoluk /kʼusi avokoluk/ | lekilukʼ /lekilukʼ/ | bin a bel /bin a bel/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | bʼix a tʼan /biʃ a tʼan/ | bix a beel /biʃ a beːl/ |
| Asante | wokol awal /wokol awal/ | kolaval /kolaval/ | yuj /juh/ | dios boʼtik /dios boʔtik/ | wokox /wokoʃ/ | dios bʼotik /dios botik/ | nibʼoolal /nibʼoːlal/ |
| Nzuri | lek /lek/ | lek /lek/ | lek /lek/ | tsʼak /tsʼak/ | utsat /utsat/ | malobʼ /malob/ | utz /uts/ |
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