Batsʼil kʼop
Kitzeltal
Mayan (Cholan-Tseltalan)
Tzeltal (Bats'il kʼop, "true language") is a Mayan language of the Tseltalan branch, spoken in highland Chiapas, Mexico, with ~600K speakers — sister to Tzotzil within the Tseltalan branch. The largest Mayan language by L1 speakers in Mexico after Yucatec Maya. The Tzeltal Maya are concentrated in the Los Altos region (San Cristóbal de las Casas area), with notable communities in Oxchuc, Tenejapa, Bachajón, and other towns. Each town has its own variety. Recognized as a national language of Mexico (2003 law). Has the typical Mayan ergative-absolutive case system, person markers, and rich verbal aspect morphology. Latin orthography uses apostrophe for ejectives.
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 20 ya msingi katika Kitzeltal
Maji
jaʼ
/xaʔ/
Moto
kʼaal
/kʼaːl/
Jua
kʼajkʼal
/kʼaxkʼal/
Mwezi
u
/u/
Mama
meʼ
/meʔ/
Baba
tat
/tat/
Kula
weʼel
/weʔel/
Kunywa
uchʼel
/utʃʼel/
Upendo
kʼanbey
/kʼanbej/
Moyo
oʼtan
/oʔtan/
Mti
teʼ
/teʔ/
Nyumba
na
/na/
Mbwa
tsʼiʼ
/tsʼiʔ/
Paka
mis
/mis/
Mkono
kʼab
/kʼab/
Jicho
sit
/sit/
Habari
banti winik
/banti winik/
Asante
wokol awal
/wokol awal/
Moja
jun
/xun/
Nzuri
lek
/lek/
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Mayan (Cholan-Tseltalan) zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kitzeltal | Kitzotzil | Kitojolabal | Kichontal cha Tabasco | Kichol | Kikanjobal | Kiitza |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | jaʼ /xaʔ/ | voʼ /voʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | haʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ |
| Moto | kʼaal /kʼaːl/ | kʼokʼ /kʼokʼ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼajk /kʼahk/ | qʼaʼ /qʼaʔ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ |
| Jua | kʼajkʼal /kʼaxkʼal/ | kʼakʼal /kʼakʼal/ | kʼakʼu /kʼakʼu/ | kʼin /kʼin/ | kʼajn /kʼahn/ | kʼuʼ /kʼuʔ/ | kʼin /kʼin/ |
| Mwezi | u /u/ | u /u/ | ixaw /iʃaw/ | ä /æ/ | uw /uw/ | ixaw /iʃaw/ | uj /uh/ |
| Mama | meʼ /meʔ/ | meʼ /meʔ/ | nan /nan/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | ñaʼ /ɲaʔ/ | mim /mim/ | naʼ /naʔ/ |
| Baba | tat /tat/ | tot /tot/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | mam /mam/ | tat /tat/ |
| Kula | weʼel /weʔel/ | veʼel /veʔel/ | waʼel /waʔel/ | weʼ /weʔ/ | kʼux /kʼuʃ/ | lo /lo/ | jant /hant/ |
| Kunywa | uchʼel /utʃʼel/ | uchʼ /utʃʼ/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | ukʼe /ukʼe/ | ucʼ /utsʼ/ | uku /uku/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ |
| Upendo | kʼanbey /kʼanbej/ | kʼanel /kʼanel/ | skʼana /skʼana/ | kʼuxbe /kʼuʃbe/ | kʼuxbiñ /kʼuʃbiɲ/ | kʼamʼ /kʼamʔ/ | yakunti /jakunti/ |
| Moyo | oʼtan /oʔtan/ | oʼon /oʔon/ | alma /alma/ | pixan /piʃan/ | pusʼikʼal /pusʼikʼal/ | kʼulul /kʼulul/ | pukʼsikʼal /pukʼsikʼal/ |
| Mti | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ |
| Nyumba | na /na/ | na /na/ | naj /nah/ | otot /otot/ | otyot /otjot/ | na /na/ | nah /nah/ |
| Mbwa | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | pekʼ /pekʼ/ | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | pekʼ /pekʼ/ |
| Paka | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mes /mes/ | mis /mis/ |
| Mkono | kʼab /kʼab/ | kʼob /kʼob/ | kʼabʼ /kʼaɓ/ | kʼä /kʼæ/ | kʼabʼ /kʼaɓ/ | qʼab /qʼab/ | kʼab /kʼab/ |
| Jicho | sit /sit/ | sat /sat/ | satej /sateh/ | wich /witʃ/ | wut /wut/ | sat /sat/ | ich /itʃ/ |
| Habari | banti winik /banti winik/ | kʼusi avokoluk /kʼusi avokoluk/ | lekilukʼ /lekilukʼ/ | bin a bel /bin a bel/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | kawal /kawal/ | bʼix a tʼan /biʃ a tʼan/ |
| Asante | wokol awal /wokol awal/ | kolaval /kolaval/ | yuj /juh/ | dios boʼtik /dios boʔtik/ | wokox /wokoʃ/ | yuhwal /juhwal/ | dios bʼotik /dios botik/ |
| Moja | jun /xun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | un /un/ | juñ /huɲ/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ |
| Nzuri | lek /lek/ | lek /lek/ | lek /lek/ | tsʼak /tsʼak/ | utsat /utsat/ | watxʼ /watʃʼ/ | malobʼ /malob/ |
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