Runasimi
Kikechua
Kikechua
Kiquechua (msimbo wa makrolugha wa ISO 639-3: que) ni familia au mwendelezo wa lugha zinazohusiana zinazozungumzwa katika Andes kutoka kusini mwa Kolombia na Ekwado kupitia Peru na Bolivia hadi kaskazini mwa Ajentina na Chile. Aina za maeneo—ikiwemo Kichwa cha Ekwado, aina za Peru ya kati na Kiquechua cha Kusini—zinaweza kutofautiana kiasi cha kupunguza kuelewana; kwa hiyo si lugha moja sare, wala jina “Runa Simi” halitumiki kila mahali. Aina za Kiquechua zilienea kabla na wakati wa Milki ya Inka na baadaye zikatumiwa kama lenguas generales za kikoloni, lakini historia yake ni tata kuliko kutoka katika kiwango kimoja cha Cuzco. Kwa kawaida ni lugha ambatani za viambishi tamati, hupendelea mpangilio kiima–yambwa–kitenzi na mara nyingi huonyesha ushahidi au chanzo cha taarifa, huku mifumo ikitofautiana kwa tawi. Tahajia za Kilatini na utambuzi hutofautiana: Peru hukitambua kinapotawala, Bolivia kama lugha rasmi ya wenyeji, na Ekwado huipa Kichwa hadhi rasmi kwa mahusiano baina ya tamaduni.
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 31 ya msingi katika Kikechua
Maji
yaku
/jaku/
Moto
nina
/nina/
Jua
inti
/inti/
Mwezi
killa
/kiʎa/
Nyota
quyllur
/ˈqojʎʊr/
Mama
mama
/mama/
Baba
tayta
/tajta/
Mimi
ñuqa
/ˈɲʊqa/
Wewe
qam
/qam/
Jina
suti
/ˈsuti/
Jicho
ñawi
/ɲawi/
Mkono
maki
/maki/
Moyo
sunqu
/suŋqu/
Upendo
munay
/munaj/
Mti
sacha
/satʃa/
Nyumba
wasi
/wasi/
Mbwa
allqu
/aʎqu/
Paka
misi
/misi/
Kula
mikhuy
/mikʰuj/
Kunywa
upyay
/upjaj/
Moja
huk
/huk/
Mbili
iskay
/ˈiskaj/
Habari
allillanchu
/aʎiʎantʃu/
Asante
sulpayki
/sulpajki/
Nzuri
allin
/aʎin/
Kekeo
chikwan
/ˈtʃikwan/
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Quechuan zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kikechua | Kikecha cha Ayacucho | Kikechua cha Klassiki | Kikecha cha Cuzco | Kiaymara | Kijaqaru | Kipapiamento |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | yaku /jaku/ | yaku /jaku/ | yaku /jaku/ | unu /unu/ | uma /uma/ | uma /uma/ | awa /awa/ |
| Moto | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | kandela /kandela/ |
| Jua | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | solo /solo/ |
| Mwezi | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | phaxsi /pʰaχsi/ | phaxshi /pʰaχʃi/ | luna /luna/ |
| Nyota | quyllur /ˈqojʎʊr/ | quyllur /ˈqojʎur/ | quyllur /qojʎur/ | quyllur /ˈqojʎur/ | warawara /waɾawaɾa/ | wara /waɾa/ | strea /ˈstre.a/ |
| Mama | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ |
| Baba | tayta /tajta/ | tayta /tajta/ | tayta /tajta/ | tayta /tajta/ | tata /tata/ | awki /awki/ | tata /tata/ |
| Mimi | ñuqa /ˈɲʊqa/ | ñuqa /ˈɲoqa/ | ñuqa /ɲoqa/ | ñuqa /ˈɲoqa/ | naya /naja/ | naya /naja/ | mi /mi/ |
| Wewe | qam /qam/ | qam /qam/ | qam /qam/ | qan /qan/ | juma /huma/ | juma /huma/ | bo /bo/ |
| Jina | suti /ˈsuti/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | suti /suti/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | suti /suti/ | suti /suti/ | nòmber /ˈnɔmbər/ |
| Jicho | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | nayra /najɾa/ | nayra /najɾa/ | wowo /wowo/ |
| Mkono | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | ampara /ampaɾa/ | ampara /ampaɾa/ | man /man/ |
| Moyo | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | chuyma /tʃujma/ | chuyma /tʃujma/ | kurason /kurason/ |
| Upendo | munay /munaj/ | kuyay /kujaj/ | munay /munaj/ | munay /munaj/ | munasiña /munasiɲa/ | munasiña /munasiɲa/ | amor /amor/ |
| Mti | sacha /satʃa/ | sacha /satʃa/ | sach'a /satʃʼa/ | sachʼa /satʃʼa/ | quqa /quqa/ | qhura /qʰuɾa/ | palu /palu/ |
| Nyumba | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | uta /uta/ | uta /uta/ | kas /kas/ |
| Mbwa | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | anu /anu/ | anu /anu/ | kacho /katʃo/ |
| Paka | misi /misi/ | michi /mitʃi/ | misi /misi/ | misi /misi/ | phisi /pʰisi/ | phishi /pʰiʃi/ | pushi /puʃi/ |
| Kula | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | mikuy /mikuj/ | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | manqʼaña /manqʼaɲa/ | mankaña /mankaɲa/ | kome /kome/ |
| Kunywa | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | umaña /umaɲa/ | umaña /umaɲa/ | bebe /bebe/ |
| Moja | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | maya /maja/ | maya /maja/ | un /un/ |
| Mbili | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | iskay /iskaj/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | paya /paja/ | paya /paja/ | dos /dos/ |
| Habari | allillanchu /aʎiʎantʃu/ | napaykullayki /napajkuʎajki/ | rimaykullayki /rimajkuʎajki/ | rimaykullayki /rimajkuʎajki/ | kamisaki /kamisaki/ | kamishti /kamiʃti/ | bon dia /bon dia/ |
| Asante | sulpayki /sulpajki/ | añay /aɲaj/ | añay /aɲaj/ | añay /aɲaj/ | yuspagara /juspaɣaɾa/ | yuspaa /juspaː/ | danki /daŋki/ |
| Nzuri | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | suma /suma/ | shuma /ʃuma/ | bon /bon/ |
| Kekeo | chikwan /ˈtʃikwan/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
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