Pazeh
Kipazeh
Kiaustronesia (Formosan, Nyanda za Magharibi)
Kulon-Pazeh ni lugha ya Kiformosa iliyolala ya kundi la Tambarare za Magharibi, iliyozungumzwa katikati ya Taiwan kuzunguka Puli (Nantou). Msemaji wake wa mwisho wa L1 aliyeijua kwa ufasaha kamili, Pan Jin-yu, alifariki mwaka 2010 akiwa na umri wa miaka 96; juhudi za ufufuaji zinazoongozwa na jamii zinaendelea. Ni mashuhuri kwa kuhifadhi utofautishaji wa alveola/retroflex wa Proto-Austronesia na muundo wenye tija wa urudufishaji wa Ca-.
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 31 ya msingi katika Kipazeh
Maji
dalum
/da.lum/
Moto
hapuy
/ha.puj/
Jua
rizax
/ɾi.zax/
Mwezi
ilas
/i.las/
Nyota
mintol
/mintol/
Mama
ina
/i.na/
Baba
aba
/a.ba/
Mimi
yaku
/jaku/
Wewe
isiu
/isiu/
Jina
ngadan
/ŋadan/
Jicho
daurik
/da.u.ɾik/
Mkono
rima
/ɾi.ma/
Moyo
baga
/ba.ɡa/
Upendo
—
/—/
Mti
kahuy
/ka.huj/
Nyumba
xuma
/xu.ma/
Mbwa
wazu
/wa.zu/
Paka
—
/—/
Kula
mekan
/mə.kan/
Kunywa
mimaazip
/mi.maː.zip/
Moja
adang
/a.daŋ/
Mbili
dusa
/dusa/
Habari
—
/—/
Asante
—
/—/
Nzuri
—
/—/
Vyanzo
- Li, Paul Jen-kuei & Shigeru Tsuchida (2001/2002) Pazih Dictionary. Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica, Taipei.
- Li, Paul Jen-kuei & Shigeru Tsuchida (2002) Pazih Texts and Songs. Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica.
- Lin Ying-chin (2000) A Reference Grammar of Pazih. Academia Sinica.
- Glottolog: Kulon-Pazeh
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Austronesian (Formosan, Western Plains) zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kipazeh | Proto-Austronesia | Kibabuza | Kikavalan | Kibidayuh-Bukar | Kimalei cha Kale | Kibunun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | dalum /da.lum/ | *daNum /daNum/ | zalum /zalum/ | zanum /zaˈnum/ | piin /piːn/ | ayar /ajar/ | danum /danum/ |
| Moto | hapuy /ha.puj/ | *Sapuy /Sapuy/ | apoi /apoi/ | ramaz /raˈmaz/ | apui /aˈpui/ | api /api/ | sapuz /sapuz/ |
| Jua | rizax /ɾi.zax/ | *waRi /waRi/ | — /—/ | siban /siˈban/ | biduh /biˈduh/ | matari /matari/ | vali /vali/ |
| Mwezi | ilas /i.las/ | *bulaN /bulaN/ | zilias /siliəs/ | buran /buˈran/ | bulan /buˈlan/ | bulan /bulan/ | buan /buan/ |
| Nyota | mintol /mintol/ | *bituqen /bituqen/ | botto /botːo/ | bituqan /bituqan/ | bitun /bitun/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintuhan /bintuhan/ |
| Mama | ina /i.na/ | *ina /ina/ | tina /tina/ | tina /ˈtina/ | sindo /sinˈdoʔ/ | ibu /ibu/ | tina /tina/ |
| Baba | aba /a.ba/ | *ama /ama/ | tama /tama/ | tama /ˈtama/ | samah /saˈmah/ | bapa /bapa/ | tama /tama/ |
| Mimi | yaku /jaku/ | *aku /aku/ | ka-ina /kaina/ | aiku /aiku/ | aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ | saikin /saikin/ |
| Wewe | isiu /isiu/ | *iSu /iSu/ | ijo /ijo/ | aisu /aisu/ | muh /muh/ | kamu /kamu/ | suu /suʔu/ |
| Jina | ngadan /ŋadan/ | *ŋajan /ŋajan/ | naan /naːn/ | nangan /naŋan/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ | ngaan /ŋaan/ |
| Jicho | daurik /da.u.ɾik/ | *maCa /maCa/ | macha /matʃa/ | mata /maˈta/ | bateh /baˈteh/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ |
| Mkono | rima /ɾi.ma/ | *lima /lima/ | rima /rima/ | rima /riˈma/ | təŋən /tə̆ˈŋən/ | tangan /taŋan/ | ima /ima/ |
| Moyo | baga /ba.ɡa/ | *pusuq /pusuq/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | hati /hati/ | is-ang /isaŋ/ |
| Upendo | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | madaidaz /madaidaz/ |
| Mti | kahuy /ka.huj/ | *kaSiw /kaSiw/ | kayu /kaju/ | kasuy /kaˈsuj/ | kayuh /kaˈjuh/ | kayu /kaju/ | kahu /kahu/ |
| Nyumba | xuma /xu.ma/ | *Rumaq /Rumaq/ | ruma /ruma/ | lepaw /ləˈpaw/ | ramin /raˈmin/ | rumah /rumah/ | lumaq /lumaq/ |
| Mbwa | wazu /wa.zu/ | *asu /asu/ | asu /asu/ | wasu /waˈsu/ | kaso /kaˈsoʔ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | asu /asu/ |
| Paka | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | ngiyaw /ŋiˈjaw/ | — /—/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ | ngingiyaw /ŋiŋijaw/ |
| Kula | mekan /mə.kan/ | *kaen /kaen/ | maan /maːn/ | quman /quˈman/ | kuman /kuˈman/ | makan /makan/ | maun /maun/ |
| Kunywa | mimaazip /mi.maː.zip/ | *inum /inum/ | minum /minum/ | mimum /miˈmum/ | ŋinum /ŋiˈnum/ | minum /minum/ | muqun /muqun/ |
| Moja | adang /a.daŋ/ | *isa /isa/ | nata /nata/ | issa /ˈissa/ | isaʔ /iˈsaʔ/ | sa /sa/ | tasa /tasa/ |
| Mbili | dusa /dusa/ | *duSa /duSa/ | naroa /naroa/ | zusa /zusa/ | duɔh /duɔh/ | dua /dua/ | dusa /dusa/ |
| Habari | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | uninang /uninaŋ/ |
| Asante | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | uninang /uninaŋ/ |
| Nzuri | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | biis /biːs/ | baik /baik/ | masial /masial/ |
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