Bunun
Kibunun
Austronesian (Bunun)
Bunun is a Formosan (Austronesian) language of the Bunun people, who inhabit the highest-elevation villages of central Taiwan, often above 1,000m. With ~60K ethnic Bunun and ~12K daily L1 speakers, it has five main dialect groups (Isbukun, Takbanuaz, Takivatan, Takbakha, and the extinct/moribund Takituduh); Isbukun is the modern standard. Bunun is famous worldwide for the eight-part polyphonic Pasibutbut harvest song, the only known indigenous polyphony in Asia documented by Kurosawa Takatomo in 1943 and presented to UNESCO ethnomusicology archives.
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 20 ya msingi katika Kibunun
Maji
danum
/danum/
Moto
sapuz
/sapuz/
Jua
vali
/vali/
Mwezi
buan
/buan/
Mama
tina
/tina/
Baba
tama
/tama/
Kula
maun
/maun/
Kunywa
muqun
/muqun/
Upendo
madaidaz
/madaidaz/
Moyo
is-ang
/isaŋ/
Mti
kahu
/kahu/
Nyumba
lumaq
/lumaq/
Mbwa
asu
/asu/
Paka
ngingiyaw
/ŋiŋijaw/
Mkono
ima
/ima/
Jicho
mata
/mata/
Habari
uninang
/uninaŋ/
Asante
uninang
/uninaŋ/
Moja
tasa
/tasa/
Nzuri
masial
/masial/
Vyanzo
- Ethnologue: bnn
- Li (1988) A Comparative Study of Bunun Dialects
- Kurosawa (1943) Takasago-zoku no ongaku
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Austronesian (Bunun) zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kibunun | Kikadazan-Dusun | Kipaiwan | Mandar | Kitao (Yami) | Kibabuza | Kimaranao |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | danum /danum/ | waig /waiɡ/ | zaljum /zaɭum/ | uai /uai/ | ranom /ranom/ | zalum /zalum/ | ig /iɡ/ |
| Moto | sapuz /sapuz/ | tapui /tapui/ | sapuy /sapui/ | api /api/ | apuy /apuj/ | apoi /apoi/ | apoy /apoj/ |
| Jua | vali /vali/ | todau /todau/ | qadaw /qadaw/ | mata allo /mata alːo/ | araw /araw/ | — /—/ | alongan /aloŋan/ |
| Mwezi | buan /buan/ | vulan /vulan/ | qiljas /qiɭas/ | bulang /bulaŋ/ | vehan /vehan/ | zilias /siliəs/ | bolan /bolan/ |
| Mama | tina /tina/ | tina /tina/ | kina /kina/ | indo /indo/ | ina /ina/ | tina /tina/ | ina /ina/ |
| Baba | tama /tama/ | tama /tama/ | kama /kama/ | ama /ama/ | ama /ama/ | tama /tama/ | ama /ama/ |
| Kula | maun /maun/ | mangakan /maŋakan/ | keman /kəman/ | ma'ande /maʔande/ | kuman /kuman/ | maan /maːn/ | mangan /maŋan/ |
| Kunywa | muqun /muqun/ | monginum /moŋinum/ | temekel /təməkəl/ | minung /minuŋ/ | minum /minum/ | minum /minum/ | minom /minom/ |
| Upendo | madaidaz /madaidaz/ | gimbai /ɡimbai/ | nasaqaqa /nasaqaqa/ | mappinawa /mapːinawa/ | makakdeng /makakdəŋ/ | — /—/ | kalimo /kalimo/ |
| Moyo | is-ang /isaŋ/ | pusod /pusod/ | varung /vaɾuŋ/ | ate /ate/ | paso /paso/ | — /—/ | pusoʔ /pusoʔ/ |
| Mti | kahu /kahu/ | kayu /kayu/ | kasiw /kasiw/ | kaju /kaju/ | kayo /kajo/ | kayu /kaju/ | kayo /kajo/ |
| Nyumba | lumaq /lumaq/ | walai /walai/ | umaq /umaq/ | boyang /bojaŋ/ | vahay /vahaj/ | ruma /ruma/ | walay /walaj/ |
| Mbwa | asu /asu/ | tasu /tasu/ | vatu /vatu/ | asu /asu/ | ino /ino/ | asu /asu/ | aso /aso/ |
| Paka | ngingiyaw /ŋiŋijaw/ | tingau /tiŋau/ | ngiaw /ŋiaw/ | mio /mio/ | koving /koviŋ/ | — /—/ | pusa /pusa/ |
| Mkono | ima /ima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | kamay /kamaj/ | rima /rima/ | lima /lima/ |
| Jicho | mata /mata/ | mato /mato/ | maca /matsa/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | macha /matʃa/ | mata /mata/ |
| Habari | uninang /uninaŋ/ | kopivosian /kopivosian/ | masalu /masalu/ | salama' ma'ondong /salamaʔ maʔondoŋ/ | akokay /akokaj/ | — /—/ | kapian /kapijan/ |
| Asante | uninang /uninaŋ/ | pounsikou /pounsikou/ | masalu /masalu/ | kuru' sumanga' /kuɾuʔ sumaŋaʔ/ | ayoy /ajoj/ | — /—/ | salamat /salamat/ |
| Moja | tasa /tasa/ | iso /iso/ | ita /ita/ | mesa /mesa/ | asa /asa/ | nata /nata/ | isa /isa/ |
| Nzuri | masial /masial/ | avasi /avasi/ | nguanguaq /ŋuaŋuaq/ | macoa /matʃoa/ | mapia /mapia/ | — /—/ | mapia /mapija/ |
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