Kwak'wala
Kikwakwala
Wakashi (kaskazini)
Kikwakwala (Kwakiutl) ni lugha kuu ya Kiwakashan cha Kaskazini ya watu wa Kwakwaka’wakw kwenye pwani ya kati ya British Columbia. Ina orodha ya konsonanti changamano sana, ikijumuisha konsonanti za ejektivu (k', t'), za vile vya juu na za kando za fricative. Wazungumzaji wake wanajulikana sana kwa sherehe kubwa za potlatch.
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 31 ya msingi katika Kikwakwala
Maji
'wap
/ʔwap/
Moto
lax̱
/lax/
Jua
ƛ'isa̱la
/tɬʼisəla/
Mwezi
'mukwa
/ʔmukʷa/
Nyota
kʼutʼala
/kʼutʼala/
Mama
abe
/abe/
Baba
o̱mp
/omp/
Mimi
nugwaʼam
/nuɡʷaʔam/
Wewe
suʼ
/suʔ/
Jina
ʼLegam
/ɬəɡəm/
Jicho
gigayu
/ɡiɡaju/
Mkono
'wała
/ʔwaɬa/
Moyo
ts'iłas
/tsʼiɬas/
Upendo
'ya̱x̱is
/ʔjəxis/
Mti
x̱o̱kwa
/xokʷa/
Nyumba
g̱ukw
/ɡukʷ/
Mbwa
'wa̱ts'i
/ʔwətsʼi/
Paka
pi̱s
/pis/
Kula
ha̱'ma̱p
/həʔməp/
Kunywa
na̱'qa
/naʔqa/
Moja
'na̱m
/ʔnəm/
Mbili
maʼłok
/maːɬuxʷ/
Habari
gilakas'la
/ɡilakasʔla/
Asante
gilakas'la
/ɡilakasʔla/
Nzuri
ek
/ek/
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Wakashan (Northern) zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kikwakwala | Kitojolabal | Kitzotzil | Kiaguacateco | Kichontal cha Tabasco | Kichol | Kitarahumara |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | 'wap /ʔwap/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | voʼ /voʔ/ | aʼ /aʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | bawí /bawi/ |
| Moto | lax̱ /lax/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼokʼ /kʼokʼ/ | qʼaq /qʼaq/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼajk /kʼahk/ | nahí /nahi/ |
| Jua | ƛ'isa̱la /tɬʼisəla/ | kʼakʼu /kʼakʼu/ | kʼakʼal /kʼakʼal/ | qʼijl /qʼihl/ | kʼin /kʼin/ | kʼiñ /kʼiɲ/ | rayó /ɾajo/ |
| Mwezi | 'mukwa /ʔmukʷa/ | ixaw /iʃaw/ | u /u/ | xahaw /ʃahaw/ | ä /æ/ | uw /uw/ | mecá /metʃa/ |
| Nyota | kʼutʼala /kʼutʼala/ | kʼanal /kʼanal/ | kʼanal /kʼanal/ | chumeʼl /tʃumeʔl/ | ekʼ /ʔekʼ/ | ekʼ /ʔekʼ/ | sopolí /sopoli/ |
| Mama | abe /abe/ | nan /nan/ | meʼ /meʔ/ | naa /naː/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | ñaʼ /ɲaʔ/ | iyé /ije/ |
| Baba | o̱mp /omp/ | tat /tat/ | tot /tot/ | mam /mam/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | onó /ono/ |
| Mimi | nugwaʼam /nuɡʷaʔam/ | keʼn /keʔn/ | voʼon /voʔon/ | in /in/ | noʼon /noʔon/ | joñoñ /hoɲoɲ/ | nejé /nehe/ |
| Wewe | suʼ /suʔ/ | weʼn /weʔn/ | voʼot /voʔot/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | neʼet /neʔet/ | jatyet /hatʲet/ | mujé /muhe/ |
| Jina | ʼLegam /ɬəɡəm/ | bʼiʼil /ɓiʔil/ | biil /ɓiːl/ | bʼiʼ /ɓiʔ/ | kʼabaʼ /kʼaɓaʔ/ | kʼabaʼ /kʼaɓaʔ/ | riwá /ɾiwa/ |
| Jicho | gigayu /ɡiɡaju/ | satej /sateh/ | sat /sat/ | witzʼ /witsʼ/ | wich /witʃ/ | wut /wut/ | pusí /pusi/ |
| Mkono | 'wała /ʔwaɬa/ | kʼabʼ /kʼaɓ/ | kʼob /kʼob/ | qʼab /qʼab/ | kʼä /kʼæ/ | kʼabʼ /kʼaɓ/ | sekuá /sekwa/ |
| Moyo | ts'iłas /tsʼiɬas/ | altzil /altsil/ | oʼon /oʔon/ | kʼuum /kʼuːm/ | pixan /piʃan/ | pusʼikʼal /pusʼikʼal/ | surí /suɾi/ |
| Upendo | 'ya̱x̱is /ʔjəxis/ | skʼana /skʼana/ | kʼanel /kʼanel/ | xajan /ʃahan/ | kʼuxbe /kʼuʃbe/ | kʼuxbiñ /kʼuʃbiɲ/ | nakí /naki/ |
| Mti | x̱o̱kwa /xokʷa/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | tzeʼ /tseʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | gokó /ɡoko/ |
| Nyumba | g̱ukw /ɡukʷ/ | naj /nah/ | na /na/ | nya /ɲa/ | otot /otot/ | otyot /otjot/ | kalí /kali/ |
| Mbwa | 'wa̱ts'i /ʔwətsʼi/ | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | txʼiʼ /tʃʼiʔ/ | pekʼ /pekʼ/ | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | kochí /kotʃi/ |
| Paka | pi̱s /pis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | misí /misi/ |
| Kula | ha̱'ma̱p /həʔməp/ | waʼel /waʔel/ | veʼel /veʔel/ | wii /wiː/ | weʼ /weʔ/ | kʼux /kʼuʃ/ | koʼa /koʔa/ |
| Kunywa | na̱'qa /naʔqa/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | uchʼ /utʃʼ/ | uuk /uːk/ | ukʼe /ukʼe/ | ucʼ /utsʼ/ | bahí /bahi/ |
| Moja | 'na̱m /ʔnəm/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | un /un/ | juñ /huɲ/ | bilé /bile/ |
| Mbili | maʼłok /maːɬuxʷ/ | chabʼ /tʃaɓ/ | chib /tʃiɓ/ | kaʼwutz /kaʔwuts/ | chaʼ /tʃaʔ/ | chaʼ /tʃaʔ/ | okuá /okwa/ |
| Habari | gilakas'la /ɡilakasʔla/ | lekilukʼ /lekilukʼ/ | kʼusi avokoluk /kʼusi avokoluk/ | kʼamta /kʼamta/ | bin a bel /bin a bel/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | kuira /kuiɾa/ |
| Asante | gilakas'la /ɡilakasʔla/ | yuj /juh/ | kolaval /kolaval/ | tixwajʼ /tiʃwahʼ/ | dios boʼtik /dios boʔtik/ | wokox /wokoʃ/ | matéterabá /mateteɾaba/ |
| Nzuri | ek /ek/ | lek /lek/ | lek /lek/ | saqʼ /saqʼ/ | tsʼak /tsʼak/ | utsat /utsat/ | galá /ɡala/ |
Sehemu ya LangMap — mradi wa kuonyesha lugha kwa picha. Huu ni muhtasari tuli unaoweza kutambaliwa; ramani shirikishi hutoa sauti ya matamshi, vichujio, na mwonekano wa dunia.