Jirrbal
Kidyirbal
Pama-Nyunga (Kidyirbal)
Lugha ya Pama-Nyungan ya kaskazini mwa Queensland iliyopata umaarufu kwa sababu ya sarufi ya Dixon ya 1972 na kitabu cha Lakoff cha «Women, Fire and Dangerous Things»: madaraja yake manne ya nomino (bayi ya kiume/hai, balan ya kike/maji/moto/hatari, balam mimea inayoliwa, bala mabaki) yakawa mfano wa kitabuni wa uainishaji usio wa Kiaristoteli. Dyirbal pia ina msamiati tofauti kabisa wa kuepuka mama-mkwe uitwao «Jalŋuy», wenye sarufi ileile lakini msamiati usiochanganyika.
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 31 ya msingi katika Kidyirbal
Maji
bana
/ˈbana/
Moto
buni
/ˈbuni/
Jua
garri
/ˈɡari/
Mwezi
gagara
/ɡaˈɡara/
Nyota
gijiny
/ɡiɟiɲ/
Mama
gumbu
/ˈɡumbu/
Baba
ngumi
/ˈŋumi/
Mimi
ngaja
/ŋaɟa/
Wewe
nginda
/ŋinda/
Jina
yidyi
/jiɟi/
Jicho
jili
/ˈɟili/
Mkono
mala
/ˈmala/
Moyo
mugu
/ˈmuɡu/
Upendo
—
/—/
Mti
yugu
/ˈjuɡu/
Nyumba
mija
/ˈmiɟa/
Mbwa
guda
/ˈɡuda/
Paka
—
/—/
Kula
janganyu
/ɟaŋˈaɲu/
Kunywa
jiwuli
/ɟiˈwuli/
Moja
yara
/ˈjara/
Mbili
bulgany
/bulɡaɲ/
Habari
—
/—/
Asante
—
/—/
Nzuri
—
/—/
Vyanzo
- Dixon, R. M. W. (1972) The Dyirbal Language of North Queensland. Cambridge University Press.
- Dixon, R. M. W. (1989) "The Original Dyirbal Speaking Tribes of North-East Queensland", in Aboriginal History.
- Glottolog: Dyirbal
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Pama-Nyungan (Dyirbalic) zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kidyirbal | Kiwalmajarri | Kimakasae | Kikavalan | Kibabuza | Proto-Austronesia | Kiwiradjuri |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | bana /ˈbana/ | ngapa /ˈŋapa/ | ira /ˈira/ | zanum /zaˈnum/ | zalum /zalum/ | *daNum /daNum/ | galing /ˈɡaliŋ/ |
| Moto | buni /ˈbuni/ | warlu /ˈwaɭu/ | ata /ˈata/ | ramaz /raˈmaz/ | apoi /apoi/ | *Sapuy /Sapuy/ | wiiny /wiːɲ/ |
| Jua | garri /ˈɡari/ | ngalyarra /ŋaˈʎara/ | watu /ˈwatu/ | siban /siˈban/ | — /—/ | *waRi /waRi/ | yiray /ˈjiɻaj/ |
| Mwezi | gagara /ɡaˈɡara/ | pira /ˈpira/ | uru /ˈuru/ | buran /buˈran/ | zilias /siliəs/ | *bulaN /bulaN/ | giwang /ˈɡiwaŋ/ |
| Nyota | gijiny /ɡiɟiɲ/ | wirl /wiɭ/ | ipi /ipi/ | bituqan /bituqan/ | botto /botːo/ | *bituqen /bituqen/ | giralang /ˈɡiɻalaŋ/ |
| Mama | gumbu /ˈɡumbu/ | ngamaji /ŋaˈmaɟi/ | ina /ˈina/ | tina /ˈtina/ | tina /tina/ | *ina /ina/ | gunhi /ˈɡun̪i/ |
| Baba | ngumi /ˈŋumi/ | kirta /ˈkiʈa/ | baba /ˈbaba/ | tama /ˈtama/ | tama /tama/ | *ama /ama/ | babiin /ˈbabiːn/ |
| Mimi | ngaja /ŋaɟa/ | ngaju /ŋaɟu/ | ani /ani/ | aiku /aiku/ | ka-ina /kaina/ | *aku /aku/ | ngadhu /ˈŋad̪u/ |
| Wewe | nginda /ŋinda/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | ai /ai/ | aisu /aisu/ | ijo /ijo/ | *iSu /iSu/ | ngindhu /ˈŋind̪u/ |
| Jina | yidyi /jiɟi/ | yini /jini/ | naran /naran/ | nangan /naŋan/ | naan /naːn/ | *ŋajan /ŋajan/ | yuwin /ˈjuwin/ |
| Jicho | jili /ˈɟili/ | purlka /ˈpuɭka/ | nana /ˈnana/ | mata /maˈta/ | macha /matʃa/ | *maCa /maCa/ | miil /miːl/ |
| Mkono | mala /ˈmala/ | marnin /ˈmaɳin/ | tana /ˈtana/ | rima /riˈma/ | rima /rima/ | *lima /lima/ | marra /ˈmara/ |
| Moyo | mugu /ˈmuɡu/ | kurturlu /kuɭˈtuɭu/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | *pusuq /pusuq/ | giiny /ɡiːɲ/ |
| Upendo | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Mti | yugu /ˈjuɡu/ | watiya /waˈtija/ | ate /ˈate/ | kasuy /kaˈsuj/ | kayu /kaju/ | *kaSiw /kaSiw/ | madhan /ˈmad̪an/ |
| Nyumba | mija /ˈmiɟa/ | ngurra /ˈŋura/ | oma /ˈoma/ | lepaw /ləˈpaw/ | ruma /ruma/ | *Rumaq /Rumaq/ | ngurang /ˈŋuɻaŋ/ |
| Mbwa | guda /ˈɡuda/ | kunyarr /kuˈɲar/ | defa /ˈdɛfa/ | wasu /waˈsu/ | asu /asu/ | *asu /asu/ | mirri /ˈmiri/ |
| Paka | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | ngiyaw /ŋiˈjaw/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Kula | janganyu /ɟaŋˈaɲu/ | nga- /ŋa/ | nawa /ˈnawa/ | quman /quˈman/ | maan /maːn/ | *kaen /kaen/ | dharra /ˈd̪ara/ |
| Kunywa | jiwuli /ɟiˈwuli/ | nga- /ŋa/ | gehe /ˈɡɛhɛ/ | mimum /miˈmum/ | minum /minum/ | *inum /inum/ | widyarra /ˈwiɟara/ |
| Moja | yara /ˈjara/ | kanyjarra /kaɲˈɟara/ | u /ʔu/ | issa /ˈissa/ | nata /nata/ | *isa /isa/ | ngumbaay /ˈŋumbaːj/ |
| Mbili | bulgany /bulɡaɲ/ | kujarra /kuɟara/ | lolae /loˈlae/ | zusa /zusa/ | naroa /naroa/ | *duSa /duSa/ | bula /ˈbula/ |
| Habari | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | yaama /ˈjaːma/ |
| Asante | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | mandaang guwu /ˈmandaːŋ ˈɡuwu/ |
| Nzuri | — /—/ | ngurnu /ˈŋuɳu/ | rau /rau/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | marang /ˈmaɻaŋ/ |
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