Wiradjuri
Kiwiradjuri
Pama-Nyungan › Central New South Wales (Wiradhuric)
Kiwiradjuri ni lugha ya Pama-Nyungan ya Taifa la Wiradjuri, ambalo nchi yake inashughulikia theluthi ya kati ya New South Wales kati ya mito Wambool (Macquarie), Kalari (Lachlan) na Murrumbidgee — eneo kubwa zaidi la lugha moja katika jimbo hilo. Jina lake lenyewe ni kipande cha sarufi, wirray 'hapana' pamoja na kiambishi -dhuray 'mwenye', njia ya kawaida ambayo jamii jirani zilitumia kutajana. Mfumo wa sauti ni wa kawaida wa bara la Australia, ukitofautisha matamshi ya meno (dh, nh), ya kaakaa gumu (dy, ny) na ya ufizi wa kawaida katika aina tatu za irabu zinazotofautisha urefu, na mfumo wa kuhesabu una msingi wa tano, uliojengwa juu ya marra, lenye maana ya 'mkono' na pia 'tano'. Urithishaji endelevu wa lugha ya kwanza ulikoma katika karne ya ishirini, lakini tangu miaka ya 1980 Mzee wa Wiradjuri Stan Grant Snr na mwanaisimu John Rudder walikusanya upya kamusi ya zaidi ya maneno 8,000 kutoka kumbukumbu za karne ya kumi na tisa na maarifa yaliyosalia, na sasa lugha hufundishwa kuanzia shule ya msingi hadi ngazi ya chuo kikuu. Matumizi mengi ya kisasa ya Kiwiradjuri, ikiwa ni pamoja na maumbo yaliyotolewa hapa, yanatokana na kazi hiyo ya urejeshaji badala ya mazungumzo ya kila siku yasiyokatika.
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 31 ya msingi katika Kiwiradjuri
Maji
galing
/ˈɡaliŋ/
Moto
wiiny
/wiːɲ/
Jua
yiray
/ˈjiɻaj/
Mwezi
giwang
/ˈɡiwaŋ/
Nyota
giralang
/ˈɡiɻalaŋ/
Mama
gunhi
/ˈɡun̪i/
Baba
babiin
/ˈbabiːn/
Mimi
ngadhu
/ˈŋad̪u/
Wewe
ngindhu
/ˈŋind̪u/
Jina
yuwin
/ˈjuwin/
Jicho
miil
/miːl/
Mkono
marra
/ˈmara/
Moyo
giiny
/ɡiːɲ/
Upendo
—
/—/
Mti
madhan
/ˈmad̪an/
Nyumba
ngurang
/ˈŋuɻaŋ/
Mbwa
mirri
/ˈmiri/
Paka
—
/—/
Kula
dharra
/ˈd̪ara/
Kunywa
widyarra
/ˈwiɟara/
Moja
ngumbaay
/ˈŋumbaːj/
Mbili
bula
/ˈbula/
Habari
yaama
/ˈjaːma/
Asante
mandaang guwu
/ˈmandaːŋ ˈɡuwu/
Nzuri
marang
/ˈmaɻaŋ/
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Pama-Nyungan › Central New South Wales (Wiradhuric) zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kiwiradjuri | Kidyirbal | Kimakasae | Kiwalmajarri | Kiitaliano | Kingunnawal | Kiitaliano (cha enzi ya Dante) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | galing /ˈɡaliŋ/ | bana /ˈbana/ | ira /ˈira/ | ngapa /ˈŋapa/ | acqua /ˈakkwa/ | kungal /kuŋal/ | acqua /ˈakːwa/ |
| Moto | wiiny /wiːɲ/ | buni /ˈbuni/ | ata /ˈata/ | warlu /ˈwaɭu/ | fuoco /ˈfwɔːko/ | warba /waɻba/ | foco /ˈfɔko/ |
| Jua | yiray /ˈjiɻaj/ | garri /ˈɡari/ | watu /ˈwatu/ | ngalyarra /ŋaˈʎara/ | sole /ˈsoːle/ | guma /ɡuma/ | sole /ˈsole/ |
| Mwezi | giwang /ˈɡiwaŋ/ | gagara /ɡaˈɡara/ | uru /ˈuru/ | pira /ˈpira/ | luna /ˈluːna/ | birrang /biɻaŋ/ | luna /ˈluna/ |
| Nyota | giralang /ˈɡiɻalaŋ/ | gijiny /ɡiɟiɲ/ | ipi /ipi/ | wirl /wiɭ/ | stella /ˈstɛlla/ | dyurra /ɟura/ | stella /ˈstella/ |
| Mama | gunhi /ˈɡun̪i/ | gumbu /ˈɡumbu/ | ina /ˈina/ | ngamaji /ŋaˈmaɟi/ | madre /ˈmaːdre/ | guni /ɡuni/ | madre /ˈmaːdre/ |
| Baba | babiin /ˈbabiːn/ | ngumi /ˈŋumi/ | baba /ˈbaba/ | kirta /ˈkiʈa/ | padre /ˈpaːdre/ | pumba /pumba/ | padre /ˈpaːdre/ |
| Mimi | ngadhu /ˈŋad̪u/ | ngaja /ŋaɟa/ | ani /ani/ | ngaju /ŋaɟu/ | io /ˈio/ | ngaya /ŋaja/ | io /ˈio/ |
| Wewe | ngindhu /ˈŋind̪u/ | nginda /ŋinda/ | ai /ai/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | tu /tu/ | ngindu /ŋindu/ | tu /ˈtu/ |
| Jina | yuwin /ˈjuwin/ | yidyi /jiɟi/ | naran /naran/ | yini /jini/ | nome /ˈnome/ | yini /jini/ | nome /ˈnoːme/ |
| Jicho | miil /miːl/ | jili /ˈɟili/ | nana /ˈnana/ | purlka /ˈpuɭka/ | occhio /ˈɔkkjo/ | mil /mil/ | occhio /ˈɔkːjo/ |
| Mkono | marra /ˈmara/ | mala /ˈmala/ | tana /ˈtana/ | marnin /ˈmaɳin/ | mano /ˈmaːno/ | mara /maɻa/ | mano /ˈmano/ |
| Moyo | giiny /ɡiːɲ/ | mugu /ˈmuɡu/ | — /—/ | kurturlu /kuɭˈtuɭu/ | cuore /ˈkwɔːre/ | gauar /ɡauar/ | core /ˈkɔre/ |
| Upendo | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | amore /aˈmoːre/ | marmit /maɻmit/ | amore /aˈmore/ |
| Mti | madhan /ˈmad̪an/ | yugu /ˈjuɡu/ | ate /ˈate/ | watiya /waˈtija/ | albero /ˈalbero/ | warabi /waɻabi/ | albero /ˈalbero/ |
| Nyumba | ngurang /ˈŋuɻaŋ/ | mija /ˈmiɟa/ | oma /ˈoma/ | ngurra /ˈŋura/ | casa /ˈkaːsa/ | kuni /kuni/ | casa /ˈkasa/ |
| Mbwa | mirri /ˈmiri/ | guda /ˈɡuda/ | defa /ˈdɛfa/ | kunyarr /kuˈɲar/ | cane /ˈkaːne/ | mirri /miɻi/ | cane /ˈkane/ |
| Paka | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | gatto /ˈɡatto/ | poosi /puːsi/ | gatto /ˈɡatːo/ |
| Kula | dharra /ˈd̪ara/ | janganyu /ɟaŋˈaɲu/ | nawa /ˈnawa/ | nga- /ŋa/ | mangiare /manˈdʒaːre/ | daring /daɻiŋ/ | mangiare /manˈdʒare/ |
| Kunywa | widyarra /ˈwiɟara/ | jiwuli /ɟiˈwuli/ | gehe /ˈɡɛhɛ/ | nga- /ŋa/ | bere /ˈbeːre/ | nyu /ɲu/ | bevere /ˈbevere/ |
| Moja | ngumbaay /ˈŋumbaːj/ | yara /ˈjara/ | u /ʔu/ | kanyjarra /kaɲˈɟara/ | uno /ˈuːno/ | guma /ɡuma/ | uno /ˈuno/ |
| Mbili | bula /ˈbula/ | bulgany /bulɡaɲ/ | lolae /loˈlae/ | kujarra /kuɟara/ | due /ˈdue/ | bula /bula/ | due /ˈduːe/ |
| Habari | yaama /ˈjaːma/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | ciao /ˈtʃaːo/ | yumalundi /jumalundi/ | salute /saˈlute/ |
| Asante | mandaang guwu /ˈmandaːŋ ˈɡuwu/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | grazie /ˈɡrattsje/ | miyamala /mijamala/ | mercede /merˈtʃede/ |
| Nzuri | marang /ˈmaɻaŋ/ | — /—/ | rau /rau/ | ngurnu /ˈŋuɳu/ | buono /ˈbwɔːno/ | walunga /waluŋa/ | buono /ˈbwɔno/ |
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