Ixil
Mayan (Mamean, Greater Mamean — Ixilan)
Ixil is a Mamean Mayan language of the Cuchumatanes mountains in northwestern Guatemala, spoken in the three towns Nebaj, Chajul, and San Juan Cotzal known as the "Ixil Triangle". The Ixil people were among the most heavily targeted communities during the Guatemalan Civil War (1960-1996); approximately 8% of the Ixil population were killed during the early-1980s genocide under General Ríos Montt — convicted of genocide against the Ixil in 2013 (verdict overturned but conviction historically affirmed). Three principal varieties: Nebaj (most documented), Chajul, and Cotzal. Ergative-absolutive alignment, complex aspectual verb morphology.
Tempat dituturkan
20 kata inti dalam Ixil
Air
aʼ
/aʔ/
Api
tzaʼ
/tsaʔ/
Matahari
qʼii
/qʼiː/
Bulan
ich
/itʃ/
Ibu
naʼ
/naʔ/
Ayah
baʼ
/baʔ/
Makan
tzaʼbʼi
/tsaʔɓi/
Minum
ucha
/utʃa/
Cinta
kuxhewchʼa
/kuʃewtʃʼa/
Hati
vatzʼ
/vatsʼ/
Pohon
tze
/tse/
Rumah
kabʼal
/kaɓal/
Anjing
txʼiʼ
/tʃʼiʔ/
Kucing
mees
/meːs/
Tangan
qʼabʼ
/qʼaɓ/
Mata
vusal
/vusal/
Halo
nimaʼla kuxhewchʼa
/nimaʔla kuʃewtʃʼa/
Terima kasih
tantixh
/tantiʃ/
Satu
jun
/hun/
Baik
utzʼ
/utsʼ/
Sumber
Perbandingan kata
Dibandingkan dengan bahasa Mayan (Mamean, Greater Mamean — Ixilan) terkait
| Arti | Ixil | Bahasa Uspanteko | Kʼicheʼ | Kaqchikel | Bahasa Aguacateco | Qʼeqchiʼ | Mam |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air | aʼ /aʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /xaʔ/ | yaʼ /jaʔ/ | aʼ /aʔ/ | haʼ /haʔ/ | aʼ /aʔ/ |
| Api | tzaʼ /tsaʔ/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | qʼaq /qʼaq/ | xam /ʃam/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ |
| Matahari | qʼii /qʼiː/ | qʼiij /qʼiːh/ | qʼij /qʼix/ | qʼij /qʼix/ | qʼijl /qʼihl/ | saqʼe /saqʼe/ | qʼij /qʼih/ |
| Bulan | ich /itʃ/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | xahaw /ʃahaw/ | poo /poː/ | xjaw /ʃaw/ |
| Ibu | naʼ /naʔ/ | nan /nan/ | nan /nan/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | naa /naː/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | nan /nan/ |
| Ayah | baʼ /baʔ/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | tataʼ /tataʔ/ | mam /mam/ | yuwaʼ /juwaʔ/ | mam /mam/ |
| Makan | tzaʼbʼi /tsaʔɓi/ | waʼ /waʔ/ | tijow /tixow/ | waʼin /waʔin/ | wii /wiː/ | taawaʼ /tawaʔ/ | waan /waːn/ |
| Minum | ucha /utʃa/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | ukʼaaj /ukʼaːh/ | kumun /kumun/ | uuk /uːk/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | kʼaan /kʼaːn/ |
| Cinta | kuxhewchʼa /kuʃewtʃʼa/ | lóqʼ /lóqʼ/ | loqʼoj /loqʼoh/ | ajowabʼäl /axowaɓəl/ | xajan /ʃahan/ | rahok /rahok/ | oqxan /oqʃan/ |
| Hati | vatzʼ /vatsʼ/ | kʼuʼx /kʼuʔʃ/ | animaʼ /animaʔ/ | anima /anima/ | kʼuum /kʼuːm/ | chʼoolej /tʃʼoːlej/ | anma /anma/ |
| Pohon | tze /tse/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | tzeʼ /tseʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | tzeʼ /tseʔ/ |
| Rumah | kabʼal /kaɓal/ | jaa /haː/ | ja /xa/ | jay /xaj/ | nya /ɲa/ | ochoch /otʃotʃ/ | jaa /haː/ |
| Anjing | txʼiʼ /tʃʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | txʼiʼ /tʃʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | txʼyan /tʃʼjan/ |
| Kucing | mees /meːs/ | mis /mis/ | meʼs /meʔs/ | mes /mes/ | mis /mis/ | mes /mes/ | wiix /wiːʃ/ |
| Tangan | qʼabʼ /qʼaɓ/ | qʼab /qʼab/ | qʼabʼ /qʼaɓ/ | qʼaʼ /qʼaʔ/ | qʼab /qʼab/ | ruqʼ /ruqʼ/ | qʼobʼ /qʼoɓ/ |
| Mata | vusal /vusal/ | wach /watʃ/ | bʼaqʼwach /ɓaqʼwatʃ/ | bʼaqʼ wach /ɓaqʼ watʃ/ | witzʼ /witsʼ/ | xnaqʼ ru /ʃnaqʼ ru/ | witz /wits/ |
| Halo | nimaʼla kuxhewchʼa /nimaʔla kuʃewtʃʼa/ | saʼbʼal /saʔbal/ | saqarik /saqaɾik/ | utz iwäch /uts iwætʃ/ | kʼamta /kʼamta/ | ma saʼ laachʼool /ma sa laːtʃʼoːl/ | chjonte tey /tʃhonte tej/ |
| Terima kasih | tantixh /tantiʃ/ | maltyox /maltjoʃ/ | maltyox /maltjoʃ/ | matyox /matjoʃ/ | tixwajʼ /tiʃwahʼ/ | bantyox /bantjoʃ/ | chjonte /tʃhonte/ |
| Satu | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /xun/ | jun /xun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ |
| Baik | utzʼ /utsʼ/ | utz /uts/ | utz /uts/ | utz /uts/ | saqʼ /saqʼ/ | us /us/ | banix /baniʃ/ |
Bagian dari LangMap — proyek visualisasi linguistik. Ini ringkasan statis yang dapat dirayapi; peta interaktif menyediakan audio pelafalan, filter, dan tampilan globe.