𐤃𐤁𐤓𐤉𐤌 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍𐤉𐤌

Phoenician

Afro-Asiatic (Northwest Semitic, Canaanite) · historical / hidden variety

FamilyAfro-Asiatic (Northwest Semitic, Canaanite) SpeakersExtinct (~1500 BCE-3rd c. CE) ScriptPhoenician alphabet (𐤀𐤁𐤂) CountriesPhoenicia (Lebanon, coastal Syria/Israel) + Mediterranean colonies Official inPhoenician city-states (Tyre, Sidon, Byblos, Carthage) Vitalityextinct ISO 639-3phn

Phoenician was the Northwest Semitic language of the Phoenician city-states from c. 1500 BCE. The 22-letter Phoenician alphabet is the direct or indirect ancestor of nearly all modern alphabets — Greek, Latin, Cyrillic, Hebrew, Aramaic, Arabic, and South Asian Brahmic scripts. Punic was its late variant in Carthage.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Phoenician

Water

𐤌𐤌

/meːm/

Fire

𐤀𐤔

/ʔeʃ/

Sun

𐤔𐤌𐤔

/ʃameʃ/

Moon

𐤉𐤓𐤇

/jaræħ/

Star

𐤊𐤊𐤁

/koːkab/

Mother

𐤀𐤌

/ʔem/

Father

𐤀𐤁

/ʔab/

I

𐤀𐤍𐤊

/ʔanoːkiː/

You

𐤀𐤕

/ʔatta/

Name

𐤔𐤌

/ʃem/

Eye

𐤏𐤍

/ʕajin/

Hand

𐤉𐤃

/jad/

Heart

𐤋𐤁

/lib/

Love

𐤀𐤇𐤁

/ʔaheb/

Tree

𐤏𐤑

/ʕesˤ/

House

𐤁𐤕

/bajit/

Dog

𐤊𐤋𐤁

/kalb/

Cat

𐤔𐤍𐤓

/ʃunaːr/

Eat

𐤀𐤊𐤋

/ʔakal/

Drink

𐤔𐤕

/ʃat/

One

𐤀𐤇𐤃

/ʔeħad/

Two

𐤔𐤍𐤌

/ʃnem/

Hello

𐤔𐤋𐤌

/ʃalom/

Thank you

/—/

Good

𐤈𐤁

/tˤob/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Afro-Asiatic (Northwest Semitic, Canaanite) languages

Meaning PhoenicianPunicOld AramaicUgariticSabaeanMishnaic HebrewBiblical Hebrew
Water 𐤌𐤌 /meːm/ 𐤌𐤉𐤌 /majim/ מין /majin/ 𐎎𐎊 /maju/ 𐩣𐩥 /maw/ מים /majim/ מים /majim/
Fire 𐤀𐤔 /ʔeʃ/ 𐤀𐤔 /ʔeʃ/ נור /nuːr/ 𐎛𐎌𐎚 /ʔiʃt/ 𐩱𐩪 /ʔas/ אש /ʔeʃ/ אש /ʔeʃ/
Sun 𐤔𐤌𐤔 /ʃameʃ/ 𐤔𐤌𐤔 /ʃameʃ/ שמש /ʃamʃ/ 𐎌𐎔𐎌 /ʃapʃ/ 𐩦𐩣𐩪 /ʃams/ חמה /ħamːa/ שמש /ʃemeʃ/
Moon 𐤉𐤓𐤇 /jaræħ/ 𐤉𐤓𐤇 /jeraħ/ שהר /sahr/ 𐎊𐎗𐎈 /jaːriχ/ 𐩥𐩧𐩭 /warχ/ לבנה /levɑnɑ/ ירח /jɔːreːaħ/
Star 𐤊𐤊𐤁 /koːkab/ 𐤊𐤊𐤁 /koːkab/ כוכב /kawkab/ 𐎋𐎁𐎋𐎁 /kabkabu/ 𐩫𐩨𐩫𐩨 /kabkab/ כּוֹכָב /koˈxav/ כּוֹכָב /koːˈxaːv/
Mother 𐤀𐤌 /ʔem/ 𐤀𐤌 /ʔem/ אמ /ʔem/ 𐎜𐎎 /ʔumm/ 𐩱𐩣 /ʔumm/ אם /ʔem/ אם /ʔeːm/
Father 𐤀𐤁 /ʔab/ 𐤀𐤁 /ʔav/ אב /ʔab/ 𐎜𐎁 /ʔabu/ 𐩱𐩨 /ʔab/ אב /ʔɑv/ אב /ʔɔːv/
I 𐤀𐤍𐤊 /ʔanoːkiː/ 𐤀𐤍𐤊 /ʔanoːk/ אנה /ʔanaː/ 𐎀𐎐𐎋 /ʔanaːku/ 𐩱𐩬 /ʔana/ אֲנִי /ʔaˈni/ אֲנִי /ʔaˈniː/
Page 1/4

Part of LangMap — a linguistic visualization project. This is a static, crawlable summary; the interactive maps offer pronunciation audio, filters, and a globe view.