Proto-Bantu

Proto-language (reconstructed) · historical / hidden variety

FamilyProto-language (reconstructed) SpeakersExtinct (hypothetical) ScriptNone / reconstructed CountriesCameroon–Nigeria borderland (hypothetical) Official inNone Vitalityextinct

Proto-Bantu is the reconstructed ancestor of the Bantu languages — some 500 closely related languages of central, eastern and southern Africa (Swahili, Zulu, Kikongo and many others). It is placed in the Cameroon–Nigeria borderland around 3000–2000 BCE, before the Bantu expansion across the continent. Roots are cited as bound stems (with a leading hyphen).

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Proto-Bantu

Water

*-jíjì

/-jíjì/

Fire

*-dído

/-dído/

Sun

*-júbà

/-júbà/

Moon

*-jèdì

/-jèdì/

Star

/—/

Mother

*-nyìná

/-nyìná/

Father

*-íce

/-íce/

I

/—/

You

/—/

Name

*-jína

/-jína/

Eye

*-jícò

/-jícò/

Hand

*-bókò

/-bókò/

Heart

*-tíma

/-tíma/

Love

/—/

Tree

*-tí

/-tí/

House

*-jʊ̀

/-jʊ̀/

Dog

*-bʊ́à

/-bʊ́à/

Cat

/—/

Eat

*-dɪ́a

/-dɪ́a/

Drink

*-nyʊ̀

/-nyʊ̀/

One

*-mò

/-mò/

Two

*-bɪ̀dɪ̀

/-bɪ̀dɪ̀/

Hello

/—/

Thank you

/—/

Good

/—/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Proto-language (reconstructed) languages

Meaning Proto-BantuHatticIberianGoguryeoNicaraguan Sign LanguageMeroiticProto-Japonic-Koreanic
Water *-jíjì /-jíjì/ /—/ /—/ /*mai/ /—/ 𐦠𐦶 /ato/ /—/
Fire *-dído /-dído/ /—/ /—/ /—/ /—/ /—/ /—/
Sun *-júbà /-júbà/ eštan /ɛʃtan/ /—/ /—/ /—/ 𐦨𐦯 /ˈmasa/ /—/
Moon *-jèdì /-jèdì/ kāp /kaːp/ /—/ /—/ /—/ /—/ /—/
Star /—/ /—/ /—/ /—/ /—/ /—/ /—/
Mother *-nyìná /-nyìná/ ana /ana/ /—/ /—/ /—/ /—/ *əma /əma/
Father *-íce /-íce/ pap /pap/ /—/ /—/ /—/ /—/ *əpa /əpa/
I /—/ /—/ /—/ /—/ /—/ /—/ /—/
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